Estimation of contemporary observed variations of air temperature and wind speed in the troposphere of the Northern Hemisphere

© 2014, Allerton Press, Inc. Carried out is the statistical analysis of contemporary observed variations of air temperature and wind speed in the troposphere of the Northern Hemisphere based on the data on global surface air temperature for 1850–2013 obtained from the University of East Anglia Climate Research Unit (HadCRUT4) and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis (1948–2013). Revealed are the long-term trends of air temperature and wind speed at different constant-pressure levels. Established is the anticipatory role of the zonal atmospheric circulation in the long-term variability of air temperature in the lower troposphere averaged for the zone of 30°–70° N. According to the results of correlation analysis, in some areas of the Northern Hemisphere the contribution of the wind speed to air temperature variability makes up not less than 60%

On the efficiency of using wind-power resources for power production

The problem of using wind power to save mineral natural resources and preserve the ecological balance of a territory is considered. The territory of Tatarstan Republic (Russian Federation) is taken as an example. The special attention is paid to determination of wind-power resources in cold and warm periods for correct placement of wind-power installations in the considered region. On the basis of climatic wind characteristics the quantitative data are obtained that confirm expedience of the wind-power installations exploitation in the regions with moderate wind velocity

Perspectives of utilization of renewable energy sources in the Central Volga regions

Problem on utilization of solar and wind energy is considered. Possibility of practical utilization of renewable energy sources is studied on the basis of analysis of materials on radiation and wind regimes in the Central Volga Region with an account of technical characteristics of solar and wind power plants. Results of multiyear observations on meteorological stations of the above region. Calculation data proving advisability of the solar and wind power plants operation under conditions of the Central Volga Region were applied

On the forecasting efficiency of self-informative and inertial characteristics of average monthly air temperature anomalies

On the basis of long-time (1881-1960) observations at the Kazan' University weather bureau, the feasibility to use the self-informative and inertial properties of average monthly air temperature anomalies for their long-period forecasting is studied. The possibility of using the forecasting properties of average monthly air temperature anomalies is considerably dependent on their representation and varies with seasons. The months for which such forecasts are most advisable are determined

Atmospheric centers of action and their relations with the northern hemisphere macrocirculation processes

Considered are statistical characteristics of the parameters of the Icelandic, Azores, Aleutian, and Honolulu atmospheric centers of action (ACA) for 1891-1990. Long-term trends in variations of the geographical position and intensity of the Atlantic and Pacific circulation pairs and implicit periodicities are found in the series of mean monthly pressure in ACA. Presented is the analysis of correlations between the ACA parameters and Katz's circulation indices, the Vangengeim-Girs circulation types. It is shown that the most informative are the ACA indices

Torrential rain forecast using the mesoscale model WRF-ARW

Annotation. Using a mesoscale model WRF-ARW1we made a torrential rain episode forecast on January 5-6, 2014 in the province of Khuzestan (Iran) with an advance time of 24, 48 and 72 hours. To find an optimal scheme of forecast we made numerical experiments with six sets of physical parameterizations. During the numerical experiments we were able to identify that the model showed the most sensitivity to cloudiness parameterization. The rating of a forecast made on an independent material showed that the used set of parameterizations of the model WRF-ARW allows to give satisfactory forecasts of heavy rainfall with an advance time of 24 hours

Structure and interrelations of winter large-scale circulation processes in the troposphere and stratosphere of the northern hemisphere midlatitudes

Daily values of the Kats zonal index calculated at standard pressure levels 500, 300, 100, 30, and 10 hPa in the Atlantic-European, Asian, and American sectors of the northern part of the midlatitude zone in the Northern Hemisphere (50-70°N) for the 14-year period (1976-1990) have been used to study a variability of the intensity of zonal circulation in the cold season (October-March). Influence of winter stratospheric warmings on the structure and dynamics of macrocirculation processes is found. The character of vertical interrelations between tropospheric and stratospheric layers at various frequencies of zonal index oscillations is established on the basis of spectral and correlation analyses

Climate trends in barometric circulation regime and the thermal state in the Northern Hemisphere and its individual regions

The space-time variability of atmospheric pressure fields, the air temperature and wind velocity in the troposphere of the Northern Hemisphere within the period from 1948 to 2013 has been described. A delay of air temperature low-frequency component against the atmosphere zonal circulation variations in the 30-70° N latitude zones in winter time has been revealed. The share of the wind velocity component in the temperature variation is 60%. As an example, the air temperature response to the impact of a number of circulation systems in the Volga region has been considered

Long-term variability of zonal tropospheric and stratospheric circulation in midlatitudes of the northern hemisphere

The dynamics of macrocirculation processes in the troposphere and stratosphere of the Northern Hemisphere was considered using daily Kats indices of zonal circulation calculated for 500, 300, 100, 30, and 10 hPa for latitudinal belts 70-50° and 50-35°N in the Atlantic-European, Asian, and American sectors during the 15-year period (1976-1990). Oscillation cycles with different periods varying from twenty days to nine years were determined by means of spectral analysis. A contingency of circulation processes in different latitudinal zones and sectors was estimated. A dependence of low-frequency variability of Kats indices on solar activity and phases of quasi-biennial cycle of the equatorial stratospheric circulation was found. A time lag (1-2 months) in response of the stratospheric circulation in the northern latitudes to the influence of the equatorial atmosphere was brought out. © 1998 by Allerton Press, Inc

Spatiotemporal variations of major parameters of temperature and humidity regime in the Volga Federal District

Given is a description of major climatic characteristics and their spatiotemporal variations in the Volga Federal District in recent decades against a background of the current climate warming using the data of the regular network of meteorological stations, reanalysis, and web resources. Revealed are the long-period trends of air temperature, precipitation, and cloudiness. Established is a dependence of some climatic parameters on geographic factors. © 2014 Allerton Press, Inc