Helium nucleation in liquid metals

Obtaining a successful nuclear fusion reaction is a really hard task. One of the factors that we must consider is the high temperatures that the blanket that wraps up the plasma can achieve. Due to this issue, the metals that are used acquire liquid properties, being then a problem when contacting with the helium resulting from the nuclear fusion reaction of tritium. This is due to the fact that helium bubbles are formed at the pressure and temperature conditions that take place in these devices. These bubbles must be studied as that they can compromise the efficiency of the breeding blanket, and thus the efficiency of the reactor. For this purpose, two simulation methods will be used: Monte-Carlo (MC) and Molecular Dynamics (MD). These bubbles were reproduced under controlled conditions at a certain range of pressures, and the results were compared with available experimental data

Revalorization of Broccoli By-Products for Cosmetic Uses Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction

The agri-food industry is currently one of themain engines of economic developmentworldwide. The region ofMurcia is a reference area in Europe for the cultivation of fruits and vegetables and produces the bulk of Spanish exports of broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica). The processing of fresh produce generates a huge number of by-products that represent an important economic and environmental problem when discarded. In this work, an advanced extraction technique using environmentally friendly solvents was applied to assess the revalorization of broccoli by-products, by performing a comparative analysis with conventional extraction. To achieve this goal, supercritical fluid extraction based on response surface methodology was performed using CO2 and ethanol as solvents. The results obtained showed that the supercritical fluid extracts were rich in -carotene, phenolic compounds, chlorophylls and phytosterols. Moreover, in bioactivity assays, the supercritical fluid extracts exhibited a high antioxidant activity and a cytoprotective effect in a non-tumorigenic keratinocyte cell line exposed to ultraviolet B light. The results indicate that supercritical fluid extracts from broccoli by-products could potentially serve as an ingredient for cosmetic purposes