Traction and Troublesome Learning: A Praxis of Stuck Places For Course-Embedded Tutoring

While many composition theorists have tackled the question of how to encourage transfer beyond their introductory writing classes (see Perkins and Saloman; Wardle; Beaufort; Fallon, Lahar, and Susman; Blaauw-Hara), we also need to consider how embedded peer tutors develop their practices as they enter into disciplinary tutoring and, over time, gain traction while tutoring in different disciplines. Whereas in a first-year writing course we might gear our pedagogy to students’ development over a single semester but never fully know how they will transfer their learning into new disciplinary contexts, in an embedded tutoring program we mentor tutors who must transfer their learning and gain traction in new disciplines several different times during their semesters with us. Like Dara Rossman Regaignon, we define “traction” here as the process of engaging rigorously and in authentic ways, rather than passing smoothly over, the difficult analytic and rhetorical frameworks available in all disciplinary learning environments (121-22). We think that successful tutoring in an embedded tutoring program depends on such an engaged learning process. Not surprisingly, however, the experience of moving from class to class and gaining traction in the new one rarely happens smoothly for students or tutors. Instead, both frequently struggle as learning and practice become “troublesome,” and they get “stuck.” Building from the work of Jan H. F. Meyer and Ray Land on “troublesome knowledge” and Leslie Gourlay on “threshold practices,” we investigate how tutor development and student learning in an embedded tutoring program can be understood and cultivated in relation to the idea of liminality that shapes their paradigm for learning. In this context, we offer a rationale for and an analysis of “a praxis of stuck places” for tutor development and student learning in an embedded tutoring program (Lather qtd. in Meyer and Land 379).University Writing Cente

Sigmoid Neural Transfer Function Realised by Percolation

An experiment using the phenomenon of percolation has been conducted to demonstrate the implementation of neural functionality (summing and sigmoid transfer). A simple analog approximation to digital percolation is implemented. The device consists of a piece of amorphous silicon with stochastic bit-stream optical inputs, in which a current percolating from one end to the other defines the neuron output, also in the form of a stochastic bit stream. Preliminary experimental results are presented

Tackling industry's carbon emissions: drivers and barriers to CO₂ capture in Scotland

Scotland's manufacturing industries are key to its prosperity. However, inward investment in processes such as oil refining, chemical manufacture and cement manufacture will be increasingly affected by the implementation of environmental regulations, such as the European Union's Industrial Emissions Directive. In addition, anticipated rises in carbon prices within the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) will only add to the challenges faced by industry. “In contrast to the power sector, several of the world's most carbon- intensive industries have no alternatives to CCS for deep emissions reduction because much of the CO2 is unavoidably generated by their production processes, and not from fuel use. CCS will thus be essential for these sectors In autumn 2013, Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) held two workshops, which brought together key players from Scottish industry, government and academia, to explore the drivers and barriers to implementing carbon capture for industrial sources across Scotland. The workshops were funded by Scottish Enterprise. Although some analysis of industrial emitters and clusters of these businesses has already been undertaken in Scotland1, this has largely focused on carbon dioxide transportation and storage aspects. While some learning can be drawn from work on industrial capture in Yorkshire and Teesside2,3 to date, there has been a lack of focus on its potential in Scotland. SCCS therefore proposed the workshops as a means of identifying the technical, economic, regulatory and policy-related barriers to, and drivers for, the creation of industrial CO2 capture clusters in Scotland. This summary report describes results from these workshops, which are intended to help the Scottish Government, policy makers and other stakeholders develop a successful strategy for the deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) - with the aim of contributing to Scotland's ambitious emissions reduction targets4.Scotland's manufacturing industries are key to its prosperity. However, inward investment in processes such as oil refining, chemical manufacture and cement manufacture will be increasingly affected by the implementation of environmental regulations, such as the European Union's Industrial Emissions Directive. In addition, anticipated rises in carbon prices within the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS) will only add to the challenges faced by industry. “In contrast to the power sector, several of the world's most carbon- intensive industries have no alternatives to CCS for deep emissions reduction because much of the CO2 is unavoidably generated by their production processes, and not from fuel use. CCS will thus be essential for these sectors In autumn 2013, Scottish Carbon Capture & Storage (SCCS) held two workshops, which brought together key players from Scottish industry, government and academia, to explore the drivers and barriers to implementing carbon capture for industrial sources across Scotland. The workshops were funded by Scottish Enterprise. Although some analysis of industrial emitters and clusters of these businesses has already been undertaken in Scotland1, this has largely focused on carbon dioxide transportation and storage aspects. While some learning can be drawn from work on industrial capture in Yorkshire and Teesside2,3 to date, there has been a lack of focus on its potential in Scotland. SCCS therefore proposed the workshops as a means of identifying the technical, economic, regulatory and policy-related barriers to, and drivers for, the creation of industrial CO2 capture clusters in Scotland. This summary report describes results from these workshops, which are intended to help the Scottish Government, policy makers and other stakeholders develop a successful strategy for the deployment of carbon capture and storage (CCS) - with the aim of contributing to Scotland's ambitious emissions reduction targets4

SCCS response to consultation on the list of proposed projects of common interest for cross-border carbon dioxide transport

This consultation seeks views on the need for cross-border carbon dioxide (CO2) transport from the perspective of EU energy policy, considering security of supply, market integration, competition and sustainability. It also specifically seeks views on four projects submitted for inclusion in the list of PCIs on CO2 transport. SCCS welcomes the opportunity to provide views on the need for and benefits of a cross- border CO2 transport system; our views apply equally to all four projects.This consultation seeks views on the need for cross-border carbon dioxide (CO2) transport from the perspective of EU energy policy, considering security of supply, market integration, competition and sustainability. It also specifically seeks views on four projects submitted for inclusion in the list of PCIs on CO2 transport. SCCS welcomes the opportunity to provide views on the need for and benefits of a cross- border CO2 transport system; our views apply equally to all four projects

SCCS Response to Maximising Economic Recovery of Offshore UK Petroleum: Draft Strategy for Consultation

There is an inescapable synergy between maximising economic recovery, decommissioning production infrastructure and carbon capture and storage (CCS). There are multiple types of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) which can be applied to particular subsurface oil fields. However, for the UK sector of the North Sea CO2-EOR is the technology with the greatest potential. CO2-EOR involves the injection of liquid CO2 into the mature oil reservoir where, at the subsurface conditions of high temperature and high pressure, it acts as a solvent making the oil less viscous, such that additional quantities can be produced from the oil field. CO2- EOR can be an effective closed cycle system, with CO2 separated from the produced oil and returned to the reservoir for reuse and ultimately for permanent secure storage. SCCS (2015) has shown that the small additional carbon budget necessary for the engineering of offshore CO2-EOR, has no adverse consequence on the embedded carbon reduction budget of onshore electricity generation with CCS to supply millions tonnes of CO2.There is an inescapable synergy between maximising economic recovery, decommissioning production infrastructure and carbon capture and storage (CCS). There are multiple types of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) which can be applied to particular subsurface oil fields. However, for the UK sector of the North Sea CO2-EOR is the technology with the greatest potential. CO2-EOR involves the injection of liquid CO2 into the mature oil reservoir where, at the subsurface conditions of high temperature and high pressure, it acts as a solvent making the oil less viscous, such that additional quantities can be produced from the oil field. CO2- EOR can be an effective closed cycle system, with CO2 separated from the produced oil and returned to the reservoir for reuse and ultimately for permanent secure storage. SCCS (2015) has shown that the small additional carbon budget necessary for the engineering of offshore CO2-EOR, has no adverse consequence on the embedded carbon reduction budget of onshore electricity generation with CCS to supply millions tonnes of CO2

Achieving a low-carbon society: CCS expertise and opportunity in the UK

The outcome of the Paris climate talks in late 2015 was hailed as a “turning point” for international action on climate change, with 195 countries agreeing to limit the increase in average global temperatures to 1.5oC by the end of this century. It is an ambitious and necessary goal, but is it achievable? An increasing emphasis on clean, renewable energy is essential, as are more efficient ways of using energy. However, the best of intentions will hit an insurmountable roadblock if we continue to burn fossil fuels without deploying Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). CCS is a chain of proven technologies that can take us all the way to a zero-carbon future. For many economies that will be reliant on fossil fuels for several decades, CCS can support a gradual phasing in of renewable energy. CCS remains the only path to deep cuts in carbon emissions from products such as cement, steel and fertiliser - even whisky - and will effectively decarbonise power and heat generation. Deployed on gas or sustainable biomass power, it can plug the gaps in the intermittency of power supply from renewables. And there are many studies that show that the UK and its assets are best placed to deliver CCS for the whole of Europe. Although CCS is already operating in other parts of the world, this climate change technology has had a tough time making progress in the UK. The latest blow came in the last quarter of 2015, within days of the Paris talks. Two major UK CCS projects were poised to begin construction after completing front-end engineering and design (FEED) studies. Without warning, anticipated funding from the UK Government's £1 billion CCS Commercialisation Competition was withdrawn before these studies had been submitted. The Peterhead CCS Project, set to become the world's first CCS project on gas power, and White Rose, which would demonstrate oxyfuel with CCS technology on coal power, have had little choice but to consider closure. In the aftermath of the COP21 climate deal, and with the UK's own climate change advisers restating the importance of the technology in meeting the UK's Fifth Carbon Budget, the case for CCS remains as cogent as ever. In the UK, we have access to an immense CO2 storage asset beneath the North Sea, which could contain a century of Europe's carbon emissions. Added to that is an impressive track record of world-leading research and development (R&D), decades of oil and gas industry knowledge and skills and an infrastructure facing decommissioning that can be repurposed to put carbon back below ground. The progress and potential of CCS in the UK is much more than a government competition. This report describes why we need to get one of the most obvious and effective climate change tools back on track and highlights the strengths of and opportunities for the UK - and Scotland, in particular.The outcome of the Paris climate talks in late 2015 was hailed as a “turning point” for international action on climate change, with 195 countries agreeing to limit the increase in average global temperatures to 1.5oC by the end of this century. It is an ambitious and necessary goal, but is it achievable? An increasing emphasis on clean, renewable energy is essential, as are more efficient ways of using energy. However, the best of intentions will hit an insurmountable roadblock if we continue to burn fossil fuels without deploying Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). CCS is a chain of proven technologies that can take us all the way to a zero-carbon future. For many economies that will be reliant on fossil fuels for several decades, CCS can support a gradual phasing in of renewable energy. CCS remains the only path to deep cuts in carbon emissions from products such as cement, steel and fertiliser - even whisky - and will effectively decarbonise power and heat generation. Deployed on gas or sustainable biomass power, it can plug the gaps in the intermittency of power supply from renewables. And there are many studies that show that the UK and its assets are best placed to deliver CCS for the whole of Europe. Although CCS is already operating in other parts of the world, this climate change technology has had a tough time making progress in the UK. The latest blow came in the last quarter of 2015, within days of the Paris talks. Two major UK CCS projects were poised to begin construction after completing front-end engineering and design (FEED) studies. Without warning, anticipated funding from the UK Government's £1 billion CCS Commercialisation Competition was withdrawn before these studies had been submitted. The Peterhead CCS Project, set to become the world's first CCS project on gas power, and White Rose, which would demonstrate oxyfuel with CCS technology on coal power, have had little choice but to consider closure. In the aftermath of the COP21 climate deal, and with the UK's own climate change advisers restating the importance of the technology in meeting the UK's Fifth Carbon Budget, the case for CCS remains as cogent as ever. In the UK, we have access to an immense CO2 storage asset beneath the North Sea, which could contain a century of Europe's carbon emissions. Added to that is an impressive track record of world-leading research and development (R&D), decades of oil and gas industry knowledge and skills and an infrastructure facing decommissioning that can be repurposed to put carbon back below ground. The progress and potential of CCS in the UK is much more than a government competition. This report describes why we need to get one of the most obvious and effective climate change tools back on track and highlights the strengths of and opportunities for the UK - and Scotland, in particular

Plasmodium knowlesi transmission:integrating quantitative approaches from epidemiology and ecology to understand malaria as a zoonosis

The public health threat posed by zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi appears to be growing: it is increasingly reported across South East Asia, and is the leading cause of malaria in Malaysian Borneo. Plasmodium knowlesi threatens progress towards malaria elimination as aspects of its transmission, such as spillover from wildlife reservoirs and reliance on outdoor-biting vectors, may limit the effectiveness of conventional methods of malaria control. The development of new quantitative approaches that address the ecological complexity of P. knowlesi, particularly through a focus on its primary reservoir hosts, will be required to control it. Here, we review what is known about P. knowlesi transmission, identify key knowledge gaps in the context of current approaches to transmission modelling, and discuss the integration of these approaches with clinical parasitology and geostatistical analysis. We highlight the need to incorporate the influences of fine-scale spatial variation, rapid changes to the landscape, and reservoir population and transmission dynamics. The proposed integrated approach would address the unique challenges posed by malaria as a zoonosis, aid the identification of transmission hotspots, provide insight into the mechanistic links between incidence and land use change and support the design of appropriate interventions

Cytogenetics of human malignant melanoma

There has been a tremendous recent resurgence of interest in examining chromosomal abnormalities in human cancers (particularly solid tumors). This interest has been stimulated by the molecular examination of recurring chromosome abnormalities, and the recognition that they may pinpoint the location of growth regulatory sequences (e.g. cellular oncogenes). This finding coupled with the clear recognition that specific chromosome abnormalities can also have important diagnostic and prognostic implications, have caused this avenue of research to expand at a significant rate. The following brief review will summarize the current state of knowledge regarding recurring chromosome abnormalities in human malignant melanoma. A discussion of chromosome changes in pre-malignant skin lesions, primary melanoma, and metastatic melanoma is described. Brief descriptions of the potential clinical utility, and biologic relevance of chromosome abnormalities in this disorder are also discussed.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/44500/1/10555_2004_Article_BF00049408.pd