1,332 research outputs found
On Aharonov-Casher bound states
In this work bound states for the Aharonov-Casher problem are considered.
According to Hagen's work on the exact equivalence between spin-1/2
Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects, is known that the
term cannot be neglected in the
Hamiltonian if the spin of particle is considered. This term leads to the
existence of a singular potential at the origin. By modeling the problem by
boundary conditions at the origin which arises by the self-adjoint extension of
the Hamiltonian, we derive for the first time an expression for the bound state
energy of the Aharonov-Casher problem. As an application, we consider the
Aharonov-Casher plus a two-dimensional harmonic oscillator. We derive the
expression for the harmonic oscillator energies and compare it with the
expression obtained in the case without singularity. At the end, an approach
for determination of the self-adjoint extension parameter is given. In our
approach, the parameter is obtained essentially in terms of physics of the
problem.Comment: 11 pages, matches published versio
Propagators on the two-dimensional light-cone
Light-cone quantization procedure recently presented is applied to the
two-dimensional light-cone theories. By introducing the two distinct null
planes it is shown that the modification term in the two-dimensional massless
light-cone propagators suggested about twenty years ago vanishs.Comment: LATEX, 9page
High-resolution x-ray study of the nematic - smectic-A and smectic-A - smectic-C transitions in 8barS5-aerosil gels
The effects of dispersed aerosil nanoparticles on two of the phase
transitions of the thermotropic liquid crystal material
4-n-pentylphenylthiol-4'-n-octyloxybenzoate 8barS5 have been studied using
high-resolution x-ray diffraction techniques. The aerosils hydrogen bond
together to form a gel which imposes a weak quenched disorder on the liquid
crystal. The smectic-A fluctuations are well characterized by a two-component
line shape representing thermal and random-field contributions. An elaboration
on this line shape is required to describe the fluctuations in the smectic-C
phase; specifically the effect of the tilt on the wave-vector dependence of the
thermal fluctuations must be explicitly taken into account. Both the magnitude
and the temperature dependence of the smectic-C tilt order parameter are
observed to be unaffected by the disorder. This may be a consequence of the
large bare smectic correlation length in the direction of modulation for this
transition. These results show that the understanding developed for the nematic
to smectic-A transition for octylcyanobiphenyl (8CB) and octyloxycyanobiphenyl
(8OCB) liquid crystals with quenched disorder can be extended to quite
different materials and transitions.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure
Carrier-mediated ferromagnetic ordering in Mn ion-implanted p+GaAs:C
Highly p-type GaAs:C was ion-implanted with Mn at differing doses to produce
Mn concentrations in the 1 - 5 at.% range. In comparison to LT-GaAs and
n+GaAs:Si samples implanted under the same conditions, transport and magnetic
properties show marked differences. Transport measurements show anomalies,
consistent with observed magnetic properties and with epi- LT-(Ga,Mn)As, as
well as the extraordinary Hall Effect up to the observed magnetic ordering
temperature (T_C). Mn ion-implanted p+GaAs:C with as-grown carrier
concentrations > 10^20 cm^-3 show remanent magnetization up to 280 K
Green functions for generalized point interactions in 1D: A scattering approach
Recently, general point interactions in one dimension has been used to model
a large number of different phenomena in quantum mechanics. Such potentials,
however, requires some sort of regularization to lead to meaningful results.
The usual ways to do so rely on technicalities which may hide important
physical aspects of the problem. In this work we present a new method to
calculate the exact Green functions for general point interactions in 1D. Our
approach differs from previous ones because it is based only on physical
quantities, namely, the scattering coefficients, and , to construct .
Renormalization or particular mathematical prescriptions are not invoked. The
simple formulation of the method makes it easy to extend to more general
contexts, such as for lattices of general point interactions; on a line; on
a half-line; under periodic boundary conditions; and confined in a box.Comment: Revtex, 9 pages, 3 EPS figures. To be published in PR
Thermodynamics of doubly charged CGHS model and D1-D5-KK black holes of IIB supergravity
We study the doubly charged Callan-Giddings-Harvey-Strominger (CGHS) model,
which has black hole solutions that were found to be U-dual to the D1-D5-KK
black holes of the IIB supergravity. We derive the action of the model via a
spontaneous compactification on S^3 of the IIB supergravity on S^1*T^4 and
obtain the general static solutions including black holes corresponding to
certain non-asymptotically flat black holes in the IIB supergravity.
Thermodynamics of them is established by computing the entropy, temperature,
chemical potentials, and mass in the two-dimensional setup, and the first law
of thermodynamics is explicitly verified. The entropy is in precise agreement
with that of the D1-D5-KK black holes, and the mass turns out to be consistent
with the infinite Lorentz boost along the M theory circle that is a part of the
aforementioned U-dual chain.Comment: 21 pages, Revte
Spin-Polarized Transport Across an LaSrMnO/YBaCuO Interface: Role of Andreev Bound States
Transport across an
LaSr_{3}/YBa_{3}_{7}_{3}$/YBCO and Ag/YBCO. In all cases, YBCO is used as bottom layer to
eliminate the channel resistance and to minimize thermal effects. The observed
differential conductance re ects the role of Andreev bound states in a-b
planes, and brings out for the first time the suppression of such states by the
spin-polarized transport across the interface. The theoretical analysis of the
measured data reveals decay of the spin polarization near the LSMO surface with
temperature, consistent with the reported photoemission data.Comment: 5 pages LaTeX, 3 eps figures included, accepted by Physical Review
Resultant pressure distribution pattern along the basilar membrane in the spiral shaped cochlea
Cochlea is an important auditory organ in the inner ear. In most mammals, it
is coiled as a spiral. Whether this specific shape influences hearing is still
an open problem. By employing a three dimensional fluid model of the cochlea
with an idealized geometry, the influence of the spiral geometry of the cochlea
is examined. We obtain solutions of the model through a conformal
transformation in a long-wave approximation. Our results show that the net
pressure acting on the basilar membrane is not uniform along its spanwise
direction. Also, it is shown that the location of the maximum of the spanwise
pressure difference in the axial direction has a mode dependence. In the
simplest pattern, the present result is consistent with the previous theory
based on the WKB-like approximation [D. Manoussaki, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96,
088701(2006)]. In this mode, the pressure difference in the spanwise direction
is a monotonic function of the distance from the apex and the normal velocity
across the channel width is zero. Thus in the lowest order approximation, we
can neglect the existance of the Reissner's membrane in the upper channel.
However, higher responsive modes show different behavior and, thus, the real
maximum is expected to be located not exactly at the apex, but at a position
determined by the spiral geometry of the cochlea and the width of the cochlear
duct. In these modes, the spanwise normal velocities are not zero. Thus, it
indicates that one should take into account of the detailed geometry of the
cochlear duct for a more quantitative result. The present result clearly
demonstrates that not only the spiral geometry, but also the geometry of the
cochlear duct play decisive roles in distributing the wave energy.Comment: 21 pages. (to appear in J. Biol. Phys.
Generalized empty-interval method applied to a class of one-dimensional stochastic models
In this work we study, on a finite and periodic lattice, a class of
one-dimensional (bimolecular and single-species) reaction-diffusion models
which cannot be mapped onto free-fermion models.
We extend the conventional empty-interval method, also called
{\it interparticle distribution function} (IPDF) method, by introducing a
string function, which is simply related to relevant physical quantities.
As an illustration, we specifically consider a model which cannot be solved
directly by the conventional IPDF method and which can be viewed as a
generalization of the {\it voter} model and/or as an {\it epidemic} model. We
also consider the {\it reversible} diffusion-coagulation model with input of
particles and determine other reaction-diffusion models which can be mapped
onto the latter via suitable {\it similarity transformations}.
Finally we study the problem of the propagation of a wave-front from an
inhomogeneous initial configuration and note that the mean-field scenario
predicted by Fisher's equation is not valid for the one-dimensional
(microscopic) models under consideration.Comment: 19 pages, no figure. To appear in Physical Review E (November 2001
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