Do Community-Level Models Account for the Effects of Biotic Interactions? A Comparison of Community-Level and Species Distribution Modeling of Rocky Mountain Conifers

Community-level models (CLMs) aim to improve species distribution modeling (SDM) methods by attempting to explicitly incorporate the influences of interacting species. However, the ability of CLMs to appropriately account for biotic interactions is unclear. We applied CLM and SDM methods to predict the distributions of three dominant conifer tree species in the U.S. Rocky Mountains and compared CLM and SDM predictive accuracy as well as the ability of each approach to accurately reproduce species co-occurrence patterns. We specifically evaluated the performance of two statistical algorithms, MARS and CForest, within both CLM and SDM frameworks. Across all species, differences in SDM and CLM predictive accuracy were slight and can be attributed to differences in model structure rather than accounting for the effects of biotic interactions. In addition, CLMs generally over-predicted species cooccurrence, while SDMs under-predicted cooccurrence. Our results demonstrate no real improvement in the ability of CLMs to account for biotic interactions relative to SDMs. We conclude that alternative modeling approaches are needed in order to accurately account for the effects of biotic interactions on species distributions

Outpatient Physical Therapy Treatment of Patient with Spondylosis: A Case Study

Background and Purpose: In the United States low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes for individuals to reach out to health care professionals. LBP is often associated with a diagnosis of spondylosis. Spondylosis is present in about 80% of peoples in the United States. The prevalence of spondylosis continues to increase without a definite cure or form of treatment. Overall, exercise and intervention have proven to decrease symptoms of pain of those with spondylosis. However, success of treatment may see large variables in success. Further research into specific treatment interventions may be warranted to decrease chronic spondylosis in the United States. Case Description: This case involves a 72-year-old male diagnosed with spondylosis. The patient is a retired Top Gun Pilot for the United States Airforce and he participates in regular golf tournaments for recreation. He lives in a home with his wife. He began to feel pain in his low back when playing golf, walking up an incline, and bending over to carry groceries inside his home. He received imaging and was given the diagnosis of spondylosis and degenerative disc disease. Shortly after, he was referred to physical therapy for treatment of his symptoms. Intervention: Following evaluation and examination, directional preference was identified as well as mobility and strength deficits. Interventions and treatment were designed and implemented to compliment directional preferences and address strength DocuSign Envelope ID: 5958519C-66F8-46B0-8B47-200288084252 x and mobility deficits. Interventions included, but were not limited to, increasing thoracic and lumbar mobility, posterior chain strengthening, core stability interventions, manual therapy techniques and modalities. Outcomes: The patient felt significantly better following the eight weeks of treatment. Following the plan of care, the patient expressed he felt equipped to continue with his home exercise program to eliminate or decrease a return of symptoms. He expressed noticeable differences in his symptoms as well as noticeable increases in his strength and abilities within his normal daily activities following his treatment plan of care. Discussion: While interventions and manual therapy techniques were appropriate and delivered results for this patient, some research does not support or suggest just one approach being successful for all patients diagnosed with spondylosis. Further research should be done specifically on lumbar spondylosis as well as specific interventions to treat symptoms

Comparison of methods for assessing soil hydraulic properties /

Thesis (M.S.

NASA SBIR abstracts of 1991 phase 1 projects

The objectives of 301 projects placed under contract by the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are described. These projects were selected competitively from among proposals submitted to NASA in response to the 1991 SBIR Program Solicitation. The basic document consists of edited, non-proprietary abstracts of the winning proposals submitted by small businesses. The abstracts are presented under the 15 technical topics within which Phase 1 proposals were solicited. Each project was assigned a sequential identifying number from 001 to 301, in order of its appearance in the body of the report. Appendixes to provide additional information about the SBIR program and permit cross-reference of the 1991 Phase 1 projects by company name, location by state, principal investigator, NASA Field Center responsible for management of each project, and NASA contract number are included

NASA SBIR abstracts of 1990 phase 1 projects

The research objectives of the 280 projects placed under contract in the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) 1990 Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase 1 program are described. The basic document consists of edited, non-proprietary abstracts of the winning proposals submitted by small businesses in response to NASA's 1990 SBIR Phase 1 Program Solicitation. The abstracts are presented under the 15 technical topics within which Phase 1 proposals were solicited. Each project was assigned a sequential identifying number from 001 to 280, in order of its appearance in the body of the report. The document also includes Appendixes to provide additional information about the SBIR program and permit cross-reference in the 1990 Phase 1 projects by company name, location by state, principal investigator, NASA field center responsible for management of each project, and NASA contract number

The NASA SBIR product catalog

The purpose of this catalog is to assist small business firms in making the community aware of products emerging from their efforts in the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. It contains descriptions of some products that have advanced into Phase 3 and others that are identified as prospective products. Both lists of products in this catalog are based on information supplied by NASA SBIR contractors in responding to an invitation to be represented in this document. Generally, all products suggested by the small firms were included in order to meet the goals of information exchange for SBIR results. Of the 444 SBIR contractors NASA queried, 137 provided information on 219 products. The catalog presents the product information in the technology areas listed in the table of contents. Within each area, the products are listed in alphabetical order by product name and are given identifying numbers. Also included is an alphabetical listing of the companies that have products described. This listing cross-references the product list and provides information on the business activity of each firm. In addition, there are three indexes: one a list of firms by states, one that lists the products according to NASA Centers that managed the SBIR projects, and one that lists the products by the relevant Technical Topics utilized in NASA's annual program solicitation under which each SBIR project was selected

Mineral resources of the Llano-Burnet region, Texas, with an account of the pre-Cambrian geology

Accompanied by 3 foldouts. Plate I : Geologic map of Texas. Plate II : General Geologic Map Showing Locations of Burnet and Llano Quadrangles, Texas. Plate III : Economic and geologic map of Llano Quadrangle, TexasUT Librarie

Llano-Burnet folio, Texas

Accompanied by 6 foldouts. Topography : Texas, Llano Quadrangle. Topography : Texas, Burnet Quadrangle. Areal Geography : Texas, Llano Quadrangle. Areal Geography : Texas, Burnet Quadrangle. Structure Sections : Texas, Llano Quadrangle. Structure Sections : Texas, Burnet Quadrangle. Lat. 30 30'-31 , long. 98 -99 ; scale 1:125,000 ; contour interval 125 ftUT Librarie