Qualidade de vida e fatores associados em pacientes submetidos a transplante renal

A doença renal crônica terminal caracteriza-se pela perda da função do rim, exigindo terapias renais substitutivas (TRS), como a diálise peritoneal, hemodiálise, ou transplante. O transplante renal parece ser o tratamento que proporciona melhor qualidade de vida (QV) aos pacientes, porém características sociodemográficas, clínicas e psicossociais devem ser identificadas, pois também podem interferir na QV dessas pessoas. Avaliar índices de QV de pacientes submetidos ao transplante renal, e estudar a associação desses índices com condições de vida e saúde. Num estudo observacional de corte transversal, descritivo e analítico, foram avaliados 165 pacientes adultos, que haviam sido submetidos a transplante renal, e estavam em acompanhamento no ambulatório de pós-transplante renal do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu- UNESP. Foi utilizado um formulário padronizado para obter informação sobre aspectos sociodemográficos e clínicos, e instrumentos específicos para avaliar QV - Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), sintomas depressivos - Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI), ansiedade - Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE), e apoio social - Medical Outcomes Study (MOS). Para a realização das análises estatísticas foi adotado o nível de significância estatístico padrão de p<0,05 para rejeição da hipótese de nulidade. Foi realizada a análise bivariada estudando-se a associação das diferentes variáveis de exposição com os componentes da qualidade de vida por meio dos testes não-paramétricos de Mann-Whitney ou Kruskal–Wallis, ou pela correlação linear de Spearman, quando adequado. Tais resultados foram posteriormente submetidos à análise multivariada por meio da regressão linear múltipla para obtenção de...Terminal chronic renal disease is characterized by the loss of the kidney function and demands renal replacement therapies (RRT) as peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, or transplantation. Renal transplantation seems to be the treatment that provides the best quality of life (QL) to patients, but socio-demographic, clinical and psycho-social characteristics must be identified because they may also interfere in these people’s QL. To evaluate QL indices of patients submitted to renal transplantation, and to study the association of these indices with life and health conditions. In an observation study of transverse, descriptive and analytical cut, 165 adult patients, submitted to renal transplantation, were evaluated, and were followed in the renal post-transplantation clinic of the Clinical Hospital of the Botucatu Medical School - UNESP. A standardized form was used to obtain information on the social demographic and clinical aspects, and specific tools to assess QL - Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), depression symptoms - Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), anxiety – State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and social support - Medical Outcomes Study (MOS). In order to do the statistical analysis, the level of standard statistical significance of p<0.05 was adopted to reject the null hypothesis. A bivariate analysis was done studying the association of different exposure variables with components of quality of life through Mann-Whitney or Kruskal–Wallisnon-parametric tests, or though Spearman correlation when appropriate. Such results were afterwards submitted to multivariate analysis through multiple linear regression to obtain association estimates without misunderstandings. In the bivariate analysis, it was observed that different social demographic, clinical and psychosocial characteristics were associated significantly with the different... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

A equipe de saúde como mediadora no desenvolvimento psicossocial da criança hospitalizada

Num primeiro momento a criança se apropria do conhecimento por mediações externas, nas quais um objeto externo a ela, que pode ser um adulto, faz uma mediação entre ela e o conteúdo a ser adquirido. Assim, a hospitalização pode tornar-se um fator de risco no desenvolvimento psicológico da criança, tanto no âmbito cognitivo quanto no afetivo, caso suas potencialidades não sejam mediadas pela equipe de saúde, pois esta tem grande contato com a criança durante a internação. Foi investigado, como objetivo do estudo, o conhecimento do processo de desenvolvimento infantil por parte dos profissionais da saúde envolvidos no cuidado com crianças hospitalizadas, em um hospital-escola público do Estado de São Paulo. Participaram da pesquisa onze profissionais, entre técnicas e auxiliares de enfermagem, e os resultados indicam que estas consideram importantes alguns aspectos no cuidado com a criança, tais como estimulação da linguagem, atenção, brincadeira, vinculação, contato físico, porém não reconhecem estes aspectos como importantes para o desenvolvimento, e elegem profissionais específicos para tratarem de aspectos relacionados ao desenvolvimento infantil na internação, não se percebendo como mediadoras no processo de desenvolvimento psicossocial da criança hospitalizada.Al primer momento el niño se apropía del conocimiento por mediaciones externas, en las cuales un objeto externo a él, que puede ser un adulto, hace una mediación entre él y el contenido a ser adquirido. Así, la hospitalización puede convertirse un factor de riesgo en el desenvolvimiento psicológico del niño, tanto en el ámbito cognitivo cuanto en el afectivo, caso sus potencialidades no sean mediadas por el equipo de salud, pues esta tiene gran contacto con el niño durante la internación. Fue investigado, como objetivo de estudio, elo conocimiento del proceso de desenvolvimiento infantil por parte de los profesionales de la salud envueltos en el cuidado con niños hospitalizados, en un hospital-escuela público del Estado de São Paulo. Participaron de la pesquisa once profesionales, entre técnicas y auxiliares de enfermería, y los resultados indican que estas consideran importantes algunos aspectos en el cuidado con el niño, tales como estimulación del lenguaje, atención, juegos, vinculación, contacto físico, pero no reconoecen estos aspectos como importantes para el desenvolvimiento, y eligen profesionales específicos para tratar de aspectos relacionados al desenvolvimiento infantil en la internación, no se percibe como mediadoras en el proceso de desenvolvimiento psicosocial del niño hospitalizado.Children's knowledge acquisition initially occurs by means of external mediation, where an external object to the child, which may be an adult, mediates between her and the content to be acquired. Therefore, hospitalization may become a risk factor to children's psychological development, in both the cognitive and affective realms, in case their potentialities are not mediated by the health team, which maintains a close contact with children during such period. The knowledge concerning the child development process by the health professionals involved in the care of children hospitalized in a public university hospital in São Paulo state was investigated. The participants were eleven professionals, including technical and nursing assistants, and the results indicated that such professionals considered some of the aspects regarding child care to be important, such as language stimulation, attention, playing, bonding, physical contact, but they did not recognize such aspects as important for child development and elected specific professionals to be responsible for aspects of child development at the hospital, not realizing themselves as mediators in the psychosocial development process of hospitalized children

Delayed recall memory impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease

ABSTRACT Age is one of the risk factors for dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease (PDD). Distinct cognitive syndromes of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been identified in previous studies. Questions about the role of such cognitive disorders in PD outcomes, especially memory dysfunction, in patients with PD remain unanswered. Objective: To establish possible correlations between delayed recall memory (episodic memory), age, and other demographic variables in patients with PD. Methods: A two-stage protocol was applied. Patients with delayed recall memory compromise, selected based on a brief battery of tests (BBRC-Edu), were classified as dementia cases and submitted to the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS). Data from patients with memory disturbances were compared against individuals without episodic memory impairment, and correlated with age and demographic variables. Results: Except for identification and naming, all subtests in the screening battery showed a significant difference (p≤0.0001) between the memory-compromised group (case) and the group without memory impairment (no case). The results also correlated negatively with age (p≤0.0001) and positively with level of education (p=0.0874) in patients with PD. Conclusion: The analysis showed a significant relationship between age and dementia characterized by impaired episodic memory. The findings support reports of a wide spectrum of neuropsychological performance impairment in PD with age, particularly dementia associated with memory deterioration. No correlations between disease duration and cognitive dysfunction were evident

Metabolic syndrome and dementia associated with Parkinson's disease: impact of age and hypertension

OBJECTIVE: To determine correlations between age and metabolic disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. METHODS: This observational cross-sectional study included brief tests for dementia and the Mattis test. Signals of metabolic syndrome were evaluated. RESULTS: There was no significant effect from the presence of hypertension (OR=2.36 for patients under 65 years old and OR=0.64 for patients over 65), diabetes or hypercholesterolemia regarding occurrences of dementia associated with PD (24% of the patients). The study demonstrated that each year of age increased the estimated risk of dementia in PD patients by 9% (OR=1.09; 95%CI: 1.01-1.17). CONCLUSION: There was no evidence to correlate the presence of metabolic syndrome with the risk of dementia that was associated with PD. The study confirmed that dementia in PD is age dependent and not related to disease duration