31 research outputs found
Invasive group B streptococcal infections in adults, France (2007â2010)
AbstractGroup B streptococcus (GBS) has emerged as an important cause of invasive infection in adults. Here, we report the clinical and microbiological characteristics of 401 non-redundant GBS strains causing adult invasive infections collected during a 4-year period (2007â2010). Bacteraemia without focus (43.4%) and bone and joint infections (18.7%) were the main clinical manifestations. The distribution of capsular polysaccharide (CPS) type showed that types Ia, III, and V accounted for 71.8% of all strains. Resistance to erythromycin increased from 20.2% in 2007 to 35.3% in 2010, and was mainly associated with CPS type V harbouring the erm(B) resistant determinant
Diversity and Strain Specificity of Plant Cell Wall Degrading Enzymes Revealed by the Draft Genome of Ruminococcus flavefaciens FD-1
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Observations sur les analogies entre vitroplants, boutures herbacees et ligneuses de lavandin
National audienc
Capacités de morphogenÚse in vitro de divers clones de lavandes et lavandins: observations préliminaires sur la valeur agronomique des vitroplants
Nous avons comparĂ© les aptitudes morphogĂ©nĂ©tiques de clones commerciaux de lavandins (Abrial, Grosso, Super) et de lavandes (aspic et Maillette) cultivĂ©s in vitro. Des milieux de culture adaptĂ©s au dĂ©veloppement des apex mĂ©ristĂ©matiques, Ă la multiplication et Ă l'enracinement des pousses feuillĂ©es de clones de lavandin et de la lavande aspic ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©finis. Des exigences spĂ©cifiques des clones sont toutefois apparues, en particulier vis-Ă -vis des rĂ©gulateurs de croissance. En revanche, il n'a pas Ă©tĂ© possible d'entretenir la multiplication in vitro de la lavande Maillette dans les conditions expĂ©rimentales utilisĂ©es. L'intĂ©rĂȘt de la culture in vitro pour la production d'un matĂ©riel vĂ©gĂ©tal conforme et prĂ©sentant de bonnes performances agronomiques, a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©montrĂ© par l'observation du comportement au champ de plusieurs dizaines de milliers d'individus. L'utilisation des rĂ©sultats obtenus pourrait constituer une alternative intĂ©ressante face au problĂšme du « dĂ©pĂ©rissement » de ces espĂšces si une cause pathologique de ce syndrome Ă©tait confirmĂ©e.In vitro morphogenetic potential of various lavandin and lavender clones: preliminary observations on the agronomic value of the vitroplants. Lavenders and lavandins (sterile and spontaneous interspecific hybrids between fine lavender, Lavandula angustifolia Mill, and lavender aspic, Lavandula latifolia Will) are of significant importance for dry areas in South East of France. Nowadays, the expansion of production is limited by further increase in decline phenomena hypothetically caused, in part, by vascular pathogens. We reported previously on the regeneration of lavandin Abrial by meristem tip culture, and we now present a comparison of the morphogenetic potential of some commercial cultivars of in vitro cultivated lavandins (Abrial, Grosso and Super) and lavenders (aspic and Maillette). We have developed specific media suited for shoot tip growth, multiplication by axillary budding, and rooting. These media allow a good propagation of the lavandin clones studied (Abrial, Grosso and Super) and the aspic lavender. Specific requirements for the indolyl butyric acid (IBA) growth regulator have been the determined for proper multiplication of the lavandin Abrial. However, using these various media, it was not possible to maintain fast-growing lavender Maillette strains. In addition, once planted in soil, more than 45 000 lavandin vitroplants produced by this method showed very good quality characteristics and proved to be true to type with respect to their essential oil composition. These data show that these experimental conditions could provide a partial answer to the decline phenomenon observed in the lavandins and lavenders
Les biotechnologies vegetales au service de l'industrie aromatique. Exemples de la menthe et du lavandin.
National audienc
Capacités de morphogenÚse in vitro de divers clones de lavandes et lavandins: observations préliminaires sur la valeur agronomique des vitroplants
Nous avons comparĂ© les aptitudes morphogĂ©nĂ©tiques de clones commerciaux de lavandins (Abrial, Grosso, Super) et de lavandes (aspic et Maillette) cultivĂ©s in vitro. Des milieux de culture adaptĂ©s au dĂ©veloppement des apex mĂ©ristĂ©matiques, Ă la multiplication et Ă l'enracinement des pousses feuillĂ©es de clones de lavandin et de la lavande aspic ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©finis. Des exigences spĂ©cifiques des clones sont toutefois apparues, en particulier vis-Ă -vis des rĂ©gulateurs de croissance. En revanche, il n'a pas Ă©tĂ© possible d'entretenir la multiplication in vitro de la lavande Maillette dans les conditions expĂ©rimentales utilisĂ©es. L'intĂ©rĂȘt de la culture in vitro pour la production d'un matĂ©riel vĂ©gĂ©tal conforme et prĂ©sentant de bonnes performances agronomiques, a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©montrĂ© par l'observation du comportement au champ de plusieurs dizaines de milliers d'individus. L'utilisation des rĂ©sultats obtenus pourrait constituer une alternative intĂ©ressante face au problĂšme du « dĂ©pĂ©rissement » de ces espĂšces si une cause pathologique de ce syndrome Ă©tait confirmĂ©e.In vitro morphogenetic potential of various lavandin and lavender clones: preliminary observations on the agronomic value of the vitroplants. Lavenders and lavandins (sterile and spontaneous interspecific hybrids between fine lavender, Lavandula angustifolia Mill, and lavender aspic, Lavandula latifolia Will) are of significant importance for dry areas in South East of France. Nowadays, the expansion of production is limited by further increase in decline phenomena hypothetically caused, in part, by vascular pathogens. We reported previously on the regeneration of lavandin Abrial by meristem tip culture, and we now present a comparison of the morphogenetic potential of some commercial cultivars of in vitro cultivated lavandins (Abrial, Grosso and Super) and lavenders (aspic and Maillette). We have developed specific media suited for shoot tip growth, multiplication by axillary budding, and rooting. These media allow a good propagation of the lavandin clones studied (Abrial, Grosso and Super) and the aspic lavender. Specific requirements for the indolyl butyric acid (IBA) growth regulator have been the determined for proper multiplication of the lavandin Abrial. However, using these various media, it was not possible to maintain fast-growing lavender Maillette strains. In addition, once planted in soil, more than 45 000 lavandin vitroplants produced by this method showed very good quality characteristics and proved to be true to type with respect to their essential oil composition. These data show that these experimental conditions could provide a partial answer to the decline phenomenon observed in the lavandins and lavenders
Capacites de morphogenese in vitro de divers clones de lavandes et lavandins : observations preliminaires sur la valeur agronomique des vitroplants
National audienceLavenders and lavandins (sterile and spontaneous interspecific hybrids between fine lavender, Lavandula angustifolia Mill, and lavender aspic, Lavandula latifolia Will) are of significant importance for dry areas in South East of France. Nowadays, the expansion of production is limited by further increase in decline phenomena hypothetically caused, in part, by vascular pathogens. We reported previously on the regeneration of lavandin Abrial by meristem tip culture, and we now present a comparison of the morphogenetic potential of some commercial cultivars of in vitro cultivated lavandins (Abrial, Grosso and Super) and lavenders (aspic and Maillette). We have developed specific media suited for shoot tip growth, multiplication by axillary budding, and rooting. These media allow a good propagation of the lavandin clones studied (Abrial, Grosso and Super) and the aspic lavender. Specific requirements for the indolyl butyric acid (IBA) growth regulator have been the determined for proper multiplication of the lavandin Abrial. However, using these various media, it was not possible to maintain fast-growing lavender Maillette strains. In addition, once planted in soil, more than 45 000 lavandin vitroplants produced by this method showed very good quality characteristics and proved to be true to type with respect to their essential oil composition. These data show that these experimental conditions could provide a partial answer to the decline phenomenon observed in the lavandins and lavenders.Nous avons comparĂ© les aptitudes morphogĂ©nĂ©tiques de clones commerciaux de lavandins (Abrial, Grosso, Super) et de lavandes (aspic et Maillette) cultivĂ©s in vitro. Des milieux de culture adaptĂ©s au dĂ©veloppement des apex mĂ©ristĂ©matiques, Ă la multiplication et Ă lâenracinement des pousses feuillĂ©es de clones de lavandin et de la lavande aspic ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©finis. Des exigences spĂ©cifiques des clones sont toutefois apparues, en particulier vis-Ă -vis des rĂ©gulateurs de croissance. En revanche, il nâa pas Ă©tĂ© possible dâentretenir la multiplication in vitro de la lavande Maillette dans les conditions expĂ©rimentales utilisĂ©es. LâintĂ©rĂȘt de la culture in vitro pour la production dâun matĂ©riel vĂ©gĂ©tal conforme et prĂ©sentant de bonnes performances agronomiques, a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©montrĂ© par lâobservation du comportement au champ de plusieurs dizaines de milliers dâindividus. Lâutilisation des rĂ©sultats obtenus pourrait constituer une alternative intĂ©ressante face au problĂšme du « dĂ©pĂ©rissement » de ces espĂšces si une cause pathologique de ce syndrome Ă©tait confirmĂ©e
Ătude de quelques altĂ©rations de composition chimique des cĂ©ramiques en milieu marin et terrestre
The possible modifications in the chemical composition of ceramics over a period of time concern directly the methods used in the determination of ceramic provenance, methods based on the caracteri sties of the paste's composition. Two particular sorts of change related to time are examined. The first concerns ceramics which have been immersed in a marine environment and which have acquired a large amount of Magnesium, but which at the same time show considerable perturbations in the alcaline rate. The second sort of change concerns those ceramics whose slight over-firing has had the effect of creating conditions favorable for the separating out of certain constituents such as Potassium. This loss is generally négligeable when the ceramics are neither over-fired, nor when they are very much over-fired.Les modifications éventuelles au cours du temps de la composition chimique des céramiques concernent directement les méthodes qui cherchent à déterminer la provenance des céramiques en se référant aux caractéristiques de composition des pùtes.
Deux types particuliers d'altĂ©ration au cours du temps sont Ă©tudiĂ©s. Le premier concerne les cĂ©ramiques qui ont sĂ©journĂ© en milieu marin et ont fixĂ© une quantitĂ© importante de magnĂ©sium tout en prĂ©sentant des perturbations notables des taux d'alcalins. Le second se rĂ©fĂšre Ă des cĂ©ramiques dont une surcuisson modĂ©rĂ©e a eu pour effet de crĂ©er des conditions favorables au dĂ©part de certains constituants comme le potassium. Cette Ă©limination est gĂ©nĂ©ralement nĂ©gligeable lorsque les cĂ©ramiques ne sont pas surcuites, ou lorsqu'elles le sont trĂšs fortement.Lemoine C., Poupet Pierre, Barrandon J.N., Borderie B., Meille E. Ătude de quelques altĂ©rations de composition chimique des cĂ©ramiques en milieu marin et terrestre. In: Revue d'ArchĂ©omĂ©trie, n°1, 1981. Actes du XXe symposium international d'archĂ©omĂ©trie Paris 26-29 mars 1980 Volume III. pp. 349-360