UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF SOLIFENACIN SUCCINATE IN TABLETS

Objective: To develop a simple and cheap UV spectrophotometric method for the quantitative estimation of Solifenacin succinate (5mg) in tablets and validate as per ICH guidelines. Methods: The optimized method uses a solvent 100% triethylammonium phosphate buffer (pH 2.5) for the estimation of assay of Solifenacin succinate in tablets at a detection wavelength of 215 nm. Results: The developed method resulted in Solifenacin succinate exhibiting linearity in the range 5-15μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by relative standard deviation of 1.27%. Percentage Mean recovery was found to be in the range of 98â€102, during accuracy studies. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitiation (LOQ) were found to be 1.106mg/ml and 3.35mg/ml respectively. Conclusion: A simple and a cheap UV spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the quantitative estimation of Solifenacin succinate in tablets as per ICH guidelines and hence it can be used for the routine analysis in various pharmaceutical industries

Frontiers in Mechanochemistry and Mechanical Alloying

The book Frontiers in Mechanochemistry and Mechanical Alloying [ISBN : 97881-87053-69-8] (Rakesh Kumar, Srinivasan Srikanth and Surya Pratap Mehrotra (Eds.))is a compilation of papers presented in the VI International Conference on Mechanochemistry and Mechanical Alloying (INCOME) held at CSIR-National Metallurgical Laboratory (CSIR-NML), Jamshedpur (India) during December 1-4,2008 under the aegis of International Mechanochemistry Association (IMA). Fifty three papers (334 pp) included in this book are written by experts from all over the world

RSLpred: an integrative system for predicting subcellular localization of rice proteins combining compositional and evolutionary information

The attainment of complete map-based sequence for rice (Oryza sativa) is clearly a major milestone for the research community. Identifying the localization of encoded proteins is the key to understanding their functional characteristics and facilitating their purification. Our proposed method, RSLpred, is an effort in this direction for genome-scale subcellular prediction of encoded rice proteins. First, the support vector machine (SVM)-based modules have been developed using traditional amino acid-, dipeptide- (i+1) and four parts-amino acid composition and achieved an overall accuracy of 81.43, 80.88 and 81.10%, respectively. Secondly, a similarity search-based module has been developed using position-specific iterated-basic local alignment search tool and achieved 68.35% accuracy. Another module developed using evolutionary information of a protein sequence extracted from position-specific scoring matrix achieved an accuracy of 87.10%. In this study, a large number of modules have been developed using various encoding schemes like higher-order dipeptide composition, N- and C-terminal, splitted amino acid composition and the hybrid information. In order to benchmark RSLpred, it was tested on an independent set of rice proteins where it outperformed widely used prediction methods such as TargetP, Wolf-PSORT, PA-SUB, Plant-Ploc and ESLpred. To assist the plant research community, an online web tool 'RSLpred' has been developed for subcellular prediction of query rice proteins, which is freely accessible at http://www.imtech.res.in/raghava/rslpred

Design Fatigue Lives of Polypropylene Fibre Reinforced Polymer Concrete Composites

Flexural fatigue behavior of Poly-propylene fibre reinforced polymer concrete composites (PFRPCC) has been investigated at various stress levels and the statistical analysis of the data thus obtained has been carried out. Polymer Concrete Composite (PCC) samples without addition of any type of fibres were also tested for flexural fatigue.  Forty specimens of PCC and One hundred and Forty One specimens of PFRPCC containing 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0% polypropylene fibres were tested in fatigue using a MTS servo controlled test system. Fatigue life distributions of PCC as well as PFRPCC are observed to approximately follow a two parameter Weibull distribution with correlation coefficient exceeding 0.9. The parameters of the Weibull distribution have been obtained by various methods. Failure probability, which is an important parameter in the fatigue design of materials, has been used to obtain the design fatigue lives for the material. Comparison of design fatigue life of PCC and PFRPCC has been carried out and it is observed that addition of fibres enhances the design fatigue life of PCC

Mechanical activation of solids in processing of minerals and wastes

Recently, there has been an increasing interest in mechanical/mechanochemical activation of solids for developing new materials and metallurgical processes. In this paper, a brief overview of our research in this area is presented. Select applications of mechanical activation are discussed with emphasis on characterisation of activated materials, and the prospects and possibilities of developing improved/novel processes. The main applications covered include the Bayer process of alumina production, and blended cement manufacturing

Geopolymers, fly ash reactivity and mechanical activation

The foucs this paper is on the reactivity of fly ash in relation to its geopolymerisation, that is structure and properies of geopolymer. A comparision of the mechanically induced reactivity by vibration and attrition milling and glass content induced reactivity obtained through size classification in a high speed air classifier has been made. It has been shown that for the fly ash of nearly same size (~ 5 µm), mechanical activation results in higher reactivity or geopoymerisation rate as compared to the air classified samples. Reactvity can also be altered by mixing raw fly ash with processed fly ash. Much wider variation in the reactivity is possible by mixing raw fly ash with mechanically activated fly ash than with classified fly ash. Higher reactivity of the mechanically activated fly ash results higher strength vis-à-vis raw and air classified fly ash

Mechanical activation in blended cement processing

The foucs this paper is on the mechanically induced reactivity of granulated blast furnace slag and fly ash. Mechanical activation of blast furnace and fly ash is mill specific, that is, it depends on milling mechanism and mill dynamics. Slag after wet milling in an attrition mill hydrates completely in sharp contrast with ball milled slag of same fineness (~ 12 µm). The hydration product of attrition milled slag shows a number of unique characteristics, for example : increased crystallinity of the phases in the hydration product with an increase in the milling time, formation of cement phases that forms under hydrothermal conditions, etc. The vibratory milled fly ash showed higher lime reactivity vis-à-vis raw and attrition milled fly ash. The origin of mechanically induced reactivity, development of improved blended cements and their prospects are presented

EVALUATION OF YIELD AND YIELD PARAMETERS IN DIFFERENT RICE FARMING SYSTEMS AND WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES

An experiment was undertaken in a farmer's field in Chidambaram Sathamangalam, Cuddalore district of Tamil Nadu, during Navarai 2021 to the evaluation of yield and yield parameters in different rice farming systems and weed management practices. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with four replications, two main treatments with different rice farming systems viz, M1-Monocropping and M2-Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system and three sub treatments with weed management practices viz., S1 – unweeded control, S2 – twice hand weeding on 20 and 40 DAT, S3 – pre emergence (PE) application through tank mix of butachlor (50 % EC) @ 1.25   kg a.i. ha-1+ 2,4-DEE (38 % EC) @ 0.6 kg a.i. ha-1. The results indicated that, in farming systems the Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system (M2) show significant performance on the various yield parameters than rice monocropping (M1). In weed management practices, twice hand weeding in on 20 and 40 DAT (S2) recorded the highest yield parameters. It was followed by PE application through tank mix of butachlor (50 % EC) @ 1.25 kg a.i. ha-1 + 2,4-DEE (38 % EC) @ 0.6 kg a.i. ha-1 (S3). The lowest yield parameters were registered in unweeded control (S1). Among interactions, Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system along with two hand weedings on 20 and 40 DAT (M2S2) recorded significantly the highest yield parameters during Samba 2020. This was followed by Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system along with PE application through tank mix of butachlor (50 % EC) @ 1.25 kg a.i. ha-1 + 2,4-DEE (38 % EC) @ 0.6 kg a.i. ha-1 (M2S3) in Navarai 2021 cropping season. The season's lowest yield characteristics were observed in monocultures of rice grown without weed management (M1S1). By recording the maximum yield parameters during Navarai 2021, the Annamalai rice + fish + poultry farming system performs much better than rice monocropping