22 research outputs found
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§ããŠåŸåã確ãããåŸãæ¬å¹ŽåºŠã¯ãHanif Kureishiã®äœåãéç¹çã«ç 究ããã圌ã®äœåã«ãããŠããå®æã¯å€§ããªããŒãã§ãããšãããã倧èªã¯ãäœåã«ããããæ²é»ãã®è¡šçŸãããæ²é»ããšãããšã°ãã®é¢ä¿ã«èå³ãæã£ãŠããã®ã§ãKureishiã®äœåäžããæ²é»ãã«æºããååšãšããŠéèŠãªäœçœ®ãå ããŠãããé³æ¥œãã®æ±ããæ¹ã«çŠç¹ãããŠã圌ã®å°èª¬ãšæŒåã«ããããå®æãšè¥è
æåã®é¢ä¿ãæ¯èŒèå¯ããã(å¹³æ10幎床 çŽèŠè«æ)ãŸããã«ã«ãã¥ã©ã«ã»ã¹ã¿ãã£ãŒã®çè«ã埩ç¿è®ãæ€èšããéçšã§ãPierre Bourdieuã®èãæ¹ãããã®ãããªåéãèå¯ããäžã§æå¹ã§ãããšæãããã®ã§ãçŸåšBourdieuã®èãæ¹ããå
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This paper reports the findings of classroom observation conducted at four Ishikawa Prefectural high schools during a public observation week in Kanazawa City, Japan. The observation was conducted in order to find the level of government Course of Study implementation in English language classrooms. The observers found that although there are teachers using mainly English, or using English and Japanese, still about 40% of teachers use mainly Japanese during their observation. Although students almost exclusively use Japanese among themselves, observation results indicated that spoken language patterns for teachers and students were quite similar, which might suggest that students emulate their teachers and might try to speak English if teachers used it more. In terms of structural formation of learning activities and integration, oral interaction and oral production activities in pairs and groups were observed in majority of classes indicating that students are well used to some forms of language activities. However, integration of skills was not yet developed. To ensure a smooth transition for these students, properly-structured and well-considered scaffolding instruction, along with quality input, is strongly encouraged. As it is a very limited observation, further research is needed in devising an effective observation technique
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EMI (English Medium Instruction) å³ã¡è±èªã«ããææ¥ã¯ãè¿å¹Žé«çæè²ãäžå¿ã«ãæ¥æ¿ãã€äžççã«åºãã£ãŠããçŸè±¡ã§ãããæ¥æ¬ã§ãé«çæè²æ¹é©ãçåŠçå¢å 察çã倧åŠã®åœéåã®æèã§ãè±èªã«ããææ¥ãå¢ããæ¹çãæ¡ããã倧åŠã«ãããEMI ã«ã€ããŠã¯å°ããã€ç 究ãé²ãã§ãããæ¬è«ã§ã¯ããŸã ç 究ãé²ãã§ããªãé«çå°éåŠæ ¡ã«ãããEMI ãåãäžãã1 幎çã®EMI çç§ç§ç®ãæ¥æ¬èªåªäœ (JMI) ã®çç§ç§ç®ããããŠè±èªç§ç®ã®æ瞟ãçµ±èšçã«åæããEMI ãåŠçã®åŠã³ã«ãããã圱é¿ã«ã€ããŠèª¿ã¹ãããã®çµæãEMI çç§ç§ç®ãšè±èªç§ç®ã®æ瞟ã®é¢é£ã®åŒ·ãã¯ã第 1 ã¯ãªãŒã¿ã§ã¯ EMI çç§ç§ç®ãš JMI çç§ç§ç®ã®æ瞟ã®é¢é£ãšåçšåºŠã®å€§ããã§ãã£ãã®ã«å¯Ÿãã第 2 ã¯ãªãŒã¿ã§ã¯ EMI çç§ç§ç®ãšJMI çç§ç§ç®ã®æ瞟ã®é¢é£ãããææã«å°ãããªã£ãŠããããšãããã£ãããŸããEMI çç§ç§ç®ãšè±èªç§ç®ã®æ瞟ã®é¢é£ã®åŒ·ãã¯ãåŠçã®è±èªç§ç®ã®æ瞟ã®è¯ãã»æªãã«ãã£ãŠææã«å€åããŠããªãã£ãããšãããã£ãããã®ããšãããEMI ã®åœ±é¿ã¯ãåŠçãè±èªã«ããææ¥ã«æ
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Studentsâ success in English Medium Instruction (EMI) courses is determined, in part, by their level of proficiency in English. This paper reports on questionnaire data from 192 students enrolled in EMI courses at a university in Japan concerning their English proficiency level, the extent to which they felt their proficiency level was sufficient for their EMI course, and the difficulties experienced in their EMI course, which were analysed in terms of their relationship with proficiency. It was found that (i) the majority of students were at a B1 level of proficiency on the CEFR scale â that is, below the B2 level widely viewed as necessary for success in courses taken in a second language; (ii) many students felt that their English proficiency was insufficient for the course they were taking, and among those students the principal concern was fundamental problems with comprehending course readings and lectures; and (iii) proficiency level was clearly related to the extent and number of difficulties that students experienced with different aspects of the course and with the tasks that were required of them. These findings raise questions about whether a proficiency threshold for enrolment in EMI courses should be introduced or whether greater support for students can be provided prior to or during EMI courses.åŠçãEMIã³ãŒã¹ã§æåãããã©ããã¯ïŒåŠçã®è±èªç¿ç床ã«ããçšåºŠå·Šå³ããããæ¬è«æã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã®ãã倧åŠã§EMI ã³ãŒã¹ã履修ãã192åã®åŠçã察象ã«ãè±èªã®ç¿ç床ãšEMIææ¥ã®å±¥ä¿®ã«é¢ããã¢ã³ã±ãŒããè¡ã£ãçµæãåæãããã¢ã³ã±ãŒãã§èªåã®è±èªåãEMIã³ãŒã¹ã§ã©ãã»ã©éçšããããEMIã³ãŒã¹ã§çµéšããå°é£ãªç¹ãšãã®çšåºŠã«ã€ããŠåãã客芳çãªç¿ç床ãšã®é¢ä¿ã«ã€ããŠåæããããã®çµæã以äžã®ç¹ãæããã«ãªã£ãã(i)倧å€æ°ã®åŠçã®è±èªåã¯CEFRã®B1ã¬ãã«ã§ããã第äºèšèªã§åŠã¶ã³ãŒã¹ã§æåããããã«å¿
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As English-Medium Instruction (EMI) courses become more and more common, English for Aca-demic Purposes (EAP) courses, which typically serve as preparation for academic studies in English, need to adapt to target the particular skills and abilities that students need to succeed in EMI. This study, undertaken at a university in Japan which is greatly expanding its provision of EMI courses, aimed to gain a concrete understanding of the specific demands of EMI courses at the institution in order to further develop the universityâs EAP programme. By surveying EMI instructors as to the tasks students undertake in their classes and the ability of students to deal with those tasks, four core skills were identified as requiring particular attention in the EAP courses, namely, writing es-says/reports in English, engaging in discussions in English, listening to lectures given in English, and reading papers/book chapters/other written materials in English. Aspects of these skills are ca-tered to within the current EAP courses, but there are also possible ways in which the courses could be adapted to provide more effective preparation for students prior to taking the EMI courses.è±èªã«ããå°éç§ç®ïŒEMIïŒã³ãŒã¹ããŸããŸãäžè¬çã«ãªãã«ãããã£ãŠãäž»ãšããŠè±èªã§åŠè¡ç 究ãããããã®æºåãšããŠäœçœ®ã¥ããããŠããã¢ã«ãããã¯è±èªïŒEAPïŒã¯ãåŠçã EMI ã³ãŒã¹ã§æåããããã«å¿
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