5,321 research outputs found
Rotational modulation of the linear polarimetric variability of the cool dwarf TVLM 51346546
Aims: We aimed to monitor the optical linear polarimetric signal of the
magnetized, rapidly rotating M8.5 dwarf TVLM 51346546.
Methods: - and -band linear polarimetry images were collected with the
ALFOSC instrument of the 2.56-m Nordic Optical Telescope on two consecutive
nights covering about 0.5 and 4 rotation cycles in the and filters,
respectively. We also obtained simultaneous intensity curves by means of
differential photometry. The typical precision of the data is 0.46\%
(), 0.35\% () in the linear polarization degree and 9 mmag
(), 1.6 mmag () in the differential intensity curves.
Results: Strong and variable linear polarization is detected in the and
filters, with values of maximum polarization ( = 1.300.35 \%)
similar for both bands. The intensity and the polarimetric curves present a
sinusoid-like pattern with a periodicity of 1.98 h, which we ascribe to
structures in TVLM 51346's surface synchronized with rotation. We found that
the peaks of the intensity and polarimetric curves occur with a phase
difference of 0.180.01, and that the maximum of the linear polarization
happens nearly half a period (0.590.03) after the radio pulse. We
discussed different scenarios to account for the observed properties of the
light curves.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic
Simultaneous optical and near-infrared linear spectropolarimetry of the earthshine
Aims: We aim to extend our current observational understanding of the
integrated planet Earth spectropolarimetry from the optical to the
near-infrared wavelengths. Major biomarkers like O and water vapor
are strong flux absorbents in the Earth atmosphere and some linear polarization
of the reflected stellar light is expected to occur at these wavelengths.
Methods: Simultaneous optical ( m) and near-infrared (
m) linear spectropolarimetric data of the earthshine were acquired by
observing the nightside of the waxing Moon. The data have sufficient spectral
resolution (2.51 nm in the optical, and 1.83 and 2.91 nm in the near-infrared)
to resolve major molecular species present in the Earth atmosphere.
Results: We find the highest values of linear polarization () at
the bluest wavelengths, which agrees with the literature. Linear polarization
intensity steadily decreases towards red wavelengths reaching a nearly flat
value beyond 0.8 m. In the near-infrared, we measured a polarization
degree of for the continuum. We report the detection of molecular
features due to O at m and HO at 0.6530.725
m, 0.7800.825 m, 0.93 and 1.12 m in the spectropolarimetric
data; most of them show high linear polarimetry degrees above the continuum. In
particular, the broad HO 1.12 m band displays a polarimetric
intensity as high as that of the blue optical. These features may become a
powerful tool to characterize Earth-like planets in polarized light.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication as Letter in Astronomy
and Astrophysics on 23/01/201
Analysis of Monetary Policy and Financial Stability: A New Paradigm
This paper introduces agent heterogeneity, liquidity, and endogenous default to a DSGE framework. Our model allows for a comprehensive assessment of regulatory and monetary policy, as well as welfare analysis in the different sectors of the economy. Due to liquidity and endogenous default, the transmission mechanism of shocks is well defined, and their short to medium run effects on financial stability are properly captured.general equilibrium, financial fragility, monetary policy, regulation
A Behavioral Confirmation and Reduction of the Natural versus Synthetic Drug Bias
Research reveals a biased preference for natural versus synthetic drugs; however, this research is based upon self-report and has not examined ways to reduce the bias. We examined these issues in five studies involving 1,125 participants. In a Pilot Study (N = 110), participants rated the term natural to be more positive than the term synthetic, which reveals a default natural-is-better belief. In Studies 1 (N = 109) and 2 (N = 100), after a supposed personality study, participants were offered a thank you “gift” of a natural or synthetic pain reliever. Approximately 86% (Study 1) and 93% (Study 2) of participants chose the natural versus synthetic pain reliever, which provide a behavioral choice confirmation of the natural drug bias. In Studies 3 (N = 350) and 4 (N = 356), participants were randomly assigned to a control or experimental condition and were asked to consider a scenario in which they had a medical issue requiring a natural versus synthetic drug. The experimental condition included a stronger (Study 3) or weaker (Study 4) rational appeal about the natural drug bias and a statement suggesting that natural and synthetic drugs can be good or bad depending upon the context. In both studies, the natural bias was reduced in the experimental condition, and perceived safety and effectiveness mediated this effect. Overall, these data indicate a bias for natural over synthetic drugs in preferences and behavioral choices, which might be reduced with a rational appeal
Spatial entanglement of paired photons generated in cold atomic ensembles
Cold atomic ensembles can mediate the generation of entanglement between
pairs of photons. Photons with specific directions of propagation are detected,
and the entanglement can reside in any of the degrees of freedom that describe
the whole quantum state of the photons: polarization, spatial shape or
frequency. We show that the direction of propagation of the generated photons
determines the spatial quantum state of the photons and therefore, the amount
of entanglement generated. When photons generated in different directions are
combined, this spatial distinguishing information can degrade the quantum
purity of the polarization or frequency entanglement.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. A.; one figure (Fig. 3)
was added, typos and labels in figure 2 were correcte
Quasi-point versus point nodes in , the case of a flat tight binding sheet
We perform a numerical study of the unitary regime as a function of disorder
concentration in the imaginary part of the elastic scattering cross-section for
the compound in the flat band non-disperse limit. By using a
self-consistent tight-binding (TB) method, we find a couple of families of
Wigner probabilistic functions that help to explain macroscopically the
distribution between Fermion dressed quasiparticles and Cooper pairs, and also
the position of nodes in the order parameter for . Therefore, we are
able to show that a TB model for the sheet numerically shows 4 point
nodes in a flat sheet limit or 4 quasi-point nodes for strong
dispersion sheet limit in the reduced phase scattering space (RPS).Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures, 44 reference
Bridging the ARCH model for finance and nonextensive entropy
Engle's ARCH algorithm is a generator of stochastic time series for financial
returns (and similar quantities) characterized by a time-dependent variance. It
involves a memory parameter ( corresponds to {\it no memory}), and the
noise is currently chosen to be Gaussian. We assume here a generalized noise,
namely -Gaussian, characterized by an index
( recovers the Gaussian case, and corresponds to tailed
distributions). We then match the second and fourth momenta of the ARCH return
distribution with those associated with the -Gaussian distribution obtained
through optimization of the entropy S_{q}=\frac{% 1-\sum_{i} {p_i}^q}{q-1},
basis of nonextensive statistical mechanics. The outcome is an {\it analytic}
distribution for the returns, where an unique corresponds to each
pair ( if ). This distribution is compared with
numerical results and appears to be remarkably precise. This system constitutes
a simple, low-dimensional, dynamical mechanism which accommodates well within
the current nonextensive framework.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures.Figure 4 fixe
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