Qualidade microbiológica de queijo manteiga comercializado em feiras públicas da cidade de Macapá, Amapá, Brasil

Os derivados de leite são consumidos a muito tempo pela população humana, esses produtos possuem elevada importância nutricional, sendo que entre os seus compostos o cálcio e as proteínas se destacam. O queijo é certamente e um dos principais derivados do leite, assumido relevante papel como fonte renda para muitas famílias na região norte do Brasil, sua produção de forma artesanal pode gerar diversos problemas de saúde devido a contaminação por microrganismos. Com isso, presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as características microbiológica de queijo manteiga comercializado em feiras livres do município de Macapá, AP. Para isso, foram coletadas aleatoriamente 51 amostras de queijo entre os meses de abril e junho de 2022, as analises microbiológicas foram Laboratório de Microbiologia, do Núcleo de Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos (NUCTAL) do Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá (IEPA). Após as análises foi possível observar que 100% das amostras estavam contaminadas por pelo menos um agente patogênico. Entre os microrganismos mais frequente os Coliformes termotolerantes e Staphylococcus aureu foram encontrados em 98% e 61% das amostras seguido por E. coli presente 10% das análises, Salmonella spp. não foi encontrada em nenhuma das amostras. A presença destes microrganismos nas amostras de queijo demonstra   falhas no processo fabricação, demostrando a necessidade de aplicação de medidas efetivas no controle da produção e processamento do produto

Performance of Cowpea under Different Water Regimes in Amazonian Conditions

Water availability is a crucial factor in the final productivity of cowpea. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production and productivity components of cowpea under different irrigation depths in Amazonian conditions. The experiment was carried out at the School Farm of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia, in the municipality of Castanhal-PA, using the cultivar BR3 Tracuateua, from September to November 2014, 2015, and 2016. The experimental design was conducted on six blocks and four treatments, where the four irrigation depths of 0, 25, 50, and 100% of crop evapotranspiration were tested. The productivity analysis was performed when 90% of the plants were in the phenological stage R9. The evaluated production components were pod length, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of one hundred grains, and harvest index. There was a statistical difference among all treatments for the components of production and among productivities. An average reduction of 827 kg ha−1 in cowpea productivity was observed during the three years of study, when the treatment without irrigation was compared with the treatment irrigated with 100% of the crop’s water demand. It was found in this research that the simple fulfillment of the nutritional and phytosanitary demands of the crop, associated with an adequate planning of when to plant in the region, would already help in the improvement of local production when choosing times where the water deficit in the reproductive phase is less than 33 mm

Performance of Cowpea under Different Water Regimes in Amazonian Conditions

Water availability is a crucial factor in the final productivity of cowpea. The objective of this work was to evaluate the production and productivity components of cowpea under different irrigation depths in Amazonian conditions. The experiment was carried out at the School Farm of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia, in the municipality of Castanhal-PA, using the cultivar BR3 Tracuateua, from September to November 2014, 2015, and 2016. The experimental design was conducted on six blocks and four treatments, where the four irrigation depths of 0, 25, 50, and 100% of crop evapotranspiration were tested. The productivity analysis was performed when 90% of the plants were in the phenological stage R9. The evaluated production components were pod length, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, mass of one hundred grains, and harvest index. There was a statistical difference among all treatments for the components of production and among productivities. An average reduction of 827 kg ha−1 in cowpea productivity was observed during the three years of study, when the treatment without irrigation was compared with the treatment irrigated with 100% of the crop’s water demand. It was found in this research that the simple fulfillment of the nutritional and phytosanitary demands of the crop, associated with an adequate planning of when to plant in the region, would already help in the improvement of local production when choosing times where the water deficit in the reproductive phase is less than 33 mm