Shear stresses and boundary layers in snow avalanches

Full-scale experiments on snow avalanches have shown that the major part ofthe avalanches are mixed flow avalanches, and that they consist of at least two parts, a dense flow part and a turbidity part. The report is based on that a fully developed avalanche can be divided in four flow layers.Norges Forskningsråd (NFR

Bent solenoids for spectrometers and emittance exchange sections

Bent solenoids can be used to transport low energy beams as they provide both confinement and dispersion of particle orbits. Solenoids are being considered both as emittance exchange sections and spectrometers in the muon cooling system as part of the study of the muon collider. They present the results of a study of bent solenoids which considers the design of coupling sections between bent solenoids to straight solenoids, drift compensation fields, aberrations, and factors relating to the construction, such as field ripple, stored energy, coil forces and field errors

Activities of the Japanese-Norwegian collaboration on snow avalanche research, march 1991

The report gives a brief summary of the activities carried out by the Japanese - Norwegian collaboration on snow avalanche reasearch during the winter of 1990/19991. The research was mainly carried out in the Ryggfonn experiment site and at NGI research station in Grasdalen in Ryggfonn. The installation in Ryggfonn were extended by a wind sensor, a seismometer, an air pressure sensor and two video-cameras. One artifically released wet snow avalanche was recorded. The avalanche had a volume of approximately 20.000m3 and a velocity of 25 m/s in the steep part of the path. Snow cover studies were carried out to investigate if there were differencies in the potential sliding layers of the snow pack in Japan and Norway. In addition, theories of the dynamics of granular materials developed in Norway and Japan were compared.K Nishimur

Letter from Bowman County Sheriff Alex Norem to Attorney General Langer Requesting Clarification Regarding Legality of Certain Brands of Tobacco, 1917

Letter dated July 3, 1917 from Bowman County Sheriff Alex Norem to Attorney General William Langer asking for clarification regarding legality of certain brands of tobacco. He explains that there is misunderstanding among the merchants as to their rights to sell different brands. He also asks for Langer\u27s opinion on whether a Pedlars license is needed to sell Patent Medecine [sic] and Extracts .https://commons.und.edu/langer-papers/1264/thumbnail.jp

A Privacy Evaluation of Nyx

For this project, I will be analyzing the privacy leakage in a certain DDoS mitigation system. Nyx has been shown both in simulation and over live internet traffic to mitigate the effects of DDoS without any cooperation from downstream ASes and without any modifications to current routing protocols. However it does this through BPG-poisoning, which can unintentionally advertise information. This project explores what the traffic from Nyx looks like and what information can be gathered from it. Specifically, Nyx works by defining a deployer/critical relationship whose traffic is moved to maintain even under DDoS circumstances, and I will be evaluating how often that relationship can be discovered. This project will analyze the privacy leakage in the Nyx DDoS mitigation system. Nyx\u27s effectiveness in rerouting critical traffic around congestion has been demonstrated both in simulation and in practice. Importantly, Nyx functions without cooperation from downstream ASes or modifications to current routing protocols. However, Nyx achieves routing based DDoS mitigation through BGP poisoning, which can unintentionally advertise information. This project will analyze Nyx\u27s BPG advertisements to evaluate its privacy implications. Specifically, this work studies whether an adversary can determine the critical relationship that the AS deploying Nyx has defined. We find that in the authors initial naive approach, finding this relationship is essentially trivial and an adversary can narrow down the critical relationship to a maximum of 4 out of 9,767 autonomous systems in the active internet topology. In their more complex approach found in we find that the critical relationship is more difficult to determine with significant accuracy, with our anonymity sets ranging from 3 to 7,788. This project then explores why that range is so large in an attempt to highlight how Nyx could become more privacy focused