16,683 research outputs found
Integral-type operators from Hardy space to Bloch space on the upper half-plane
The boundedness of compactness of integral-type operators from Hardy space to
Bloch space on the upper half-plane are
characterized.Comment: 8 page
Structural signature of jamming transition in thermal amorphous systems
In thermal amorphous systems, the first peak of the pair correlation function
shows a maximum height at a volume fraction
that increases with the temperature. diverges at
the T=0 jamming transition at . Molecular dynamics simulations
show that some typical quantities, such as the pressure, bulk modulus, shear
modulus, and boson peak frequency that behave power law scalings with
in marginally jammed solids at T=0, all show scalings with
when , while the scalings break down when . The presence of is thus not only a thermal vestige of
the T=0 jamming transition, but more importantly the structural signature of
the jamming transition.Comment: This paper has been withdrawn by the author and replaced by the most
recent paper arxiv:1112.242
Critical scalings and jamming in thermal colloidal systems
During the jamming of thermal colloids, the first peak of the pair
distribution function shows a maximum height . We find that
is accompanied by significant change of material properties and
thus signifies the transition from unjammed to jammed glasses. The scaling laws
at lead to scaling collapse of structural and thermodynamic
quantities, indicating the criticality of the T=0 jamming transition. The
physical significance of is highlighted by its coincidence with
the equality of the kinetic and potential energy and the maximum fluctuation of
the coordination number. In jammed glasses, we find the strong coupling between
the isostaticity and flattening of the density of vibrational states at the
isostatic temperature scaled well with the compression.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Probing the glass transition from structural and vibrational properties of zero-temperature glasses
We find that the density dependence of the glass transition temperature of
Lennard-Jones (LJ) and Weeks-Chandler-Andersen (WCA) systems can be predicted
from properties of the zero-temperature () glasses. Below a crossover
density , LJ and WCA glasses show different structures, leading to
different vibrational properties and consequently making LJ glasses more stable
with higher glass transition temperatures than WCA ones. Above ,
structural and vibrational quantities of the glasses show scaling
collapse. From scaling relations and dimensional analysis, we predict a density
scaling of the glass transition temperature, in excellent agreement with
simulation results. We also propose an empirical expression of the glass
transition temperature using structural and vibrational properties of the
glasses, which works well over a wide range of densities.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure
Structural heterogeneity and its role in determining properties of disordered solids
We construct a new order parameter from the normal modes of vibration, based
on the consideration of energy equipartition, to quantify the structural
heterogeneity in disordered solids. The order parameter exhibits strong spatial
correlations with low-temperature single particle dynamics and local structural
entropy. To characterize the role of particles with the most defective local
structures identified by the order parameter, we pin them and study how
properties of disordered solids respond to the pinning. It turns out that these
particles are responsible to the quasilocalized low-frequency vibration,
instability, softening, and nonaffinity of disordered solids.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
On the Grain-Modified Magnetic Diffusivities in Protoplanetary Disks
Weakly ionized protoplanetary disks (PPDs) are subject to
non-ideal-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects including Ohmic resistivity, the
Hall effect and ambipolar diffusion (AD), and the resulting magnetic
diffusivities ( and ) largely control the disk gas
dynamics. The presence of grains not only strongly reduces disk ionization
fraction, but also modify the scalings of and with magnetic
field strength. We derive analytically asymptotic expressions of and
in both strong and weak field limits and show that towards strong
field, can change sign (at a threshold field strength ),
mimicking a flip of field polarity, and AD is substantially reduced. Applying
to PPDs, we find that when small ()m grains are
sufficiently abundant [mass ratio ()], can change
sign up to scale heights above midplane at modest field strength
(plasma ) over a wide range of disk radii. Reduction of AD is
also substantial towards the AD dominated outer disk and may activate the
magneto-rotational instability. We further perform local non-ideal MHD
simulations of the inner disk (within 10 AU) and show that with sufficiently
abundant small grains, magnetic field amplification due to the Hall-shear
instability saturates at very low level near the threshold field strength
. Together with previous studies, we conclude by discussing the
grain-abundance-dependent phenomenology of PPD gas dynamics.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures. submitted to Ap
Understanding the Low-Frequency Modes in Disordered Systems at Single-Particle Level
Normal modes provide a fundamental basis for understanding crucial properties
of solids, such as the thermal conductivity, the heat capacity and the sound
propagation. While the normal modes are excellently described by plane waves in
crystals, they are far less understood in disordered systems, due to the great
difficulties in characterizing the heterogeneous vibrational behaviors. Using
charged colloids with long-range repulsion, we successfully make different
disordered systems without any contact friction, whose normal modes can be
visualized at single-particle level. In these systems, we directly tackle the
long-time outstanding puzzle in condensed matter physics: the microscopic
origin of the low-frequency modes in disordered systems. For the first time, we
experimentally clarify that the low-frequency modes are caused by the
collective resonance of relatively disordered particles (or soft structures)
coupled with long-wavelength transverse excitations, settling this puzzle at
single-particle level. Next to these low-frequency modes in the density of
states, we also observe a plateau due to isostaticity, verifying the
fundamental prediction of jamming model. Moreover, we reveal the intrinsic
correlation between the low-frequency modes and the real dynamics, which may
lead to a universal mechanism for aging, melting and yielding.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figure
Signatures of shear thinning-thickening transition in dense athermal shear flows
In non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of dense athermal shear
flows, we observe the transition from shear thinning to shear thickening at a
crossover shear rate . Shear thickening occurs when with the granular temperature. At
the transition, the pair distribution function shows the strongest anisotropy.
Meanwhile, the dynamics undergo apparent changes, signified by distinct scaling
behaviors of the mean squared displacement and relaxation time on both sides of
. These features serve as robust signatures of the shear
thinning-thickening transition.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Jamming of packings of frictionless particles with and without shear
By minimizing the enthalpy of packings of frictionless particles, we obtain
jammed solids at desired pressures and hence investigate the jamming transition
with and without shear. Typical scaling relations of the jamming transition are
recovered in both cases. In contrast to systems without shear, shear-driven
jamming transition occurs at a higher packing fraction and the jammed solids
are more rigid with an anisotropic force network. Furthermore, by introducing
the macro-friction coefficient, we propose an explanation of the packing
fraction gap between sheared and non-sheared systems at fixed pressure.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Squeezed back-to-back correlations of bosons with nonzero widths in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
We derive the formulas for calculating the squeezed back-to-back correlation
(SBBC) between a boson and antiboson with nonzero width produced in
relativistic heavy-ion collisions. The SBBCs of and mesons with
finite in-medium widths are studied. We find that the finite width can change
the pattern of the SBBC function of with respect to mass.
However, the SBBC function of is insensitive to the width. In the
high-particle-momentum region, the SBBC function of increases with
particle momentum rapidly and can exceed that of whether the
width is nonzero or not.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.
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