14 research outputs found
Fakoemulzifikacija na oÄima s bijelom kataraktom
Phacoemulsification of white cataracts is associated with some difficulties and a higher rate of intraoperative complications. The aim of this report is to describe one of these cases and the possible ways to manage them. We report on cataract surgery in a 79-year-old patient with white mature cataract and insufficient mydriasis because of the pseudoexfoliation syndrome. The use of vital dyes for staining the anterior capsule enhances visualization and helps perform continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis, which is a key point for performing successful phacoemulsification. In case of small pupils because of insufficient pharmacological mydriasis, we can either enlarge the pupil or work through it. Meticulous preoperative biomicroscopic and A-scan examination (the type of cataract according to intralental A-scan findings) can help select appropriate phaco technique. Despite a higher rate of intraoperative complications, white cataracts can be safely operated on with phacoemulsification technique.Fakoemulzifikacija bijelih katarakta povezana je s odreÄenim specifiÄnim poteÅ”koÄama i veÄom uÄestaloÅ”Äu intraoperacijskih komplikacija. Cilj ovoga rada je opisati jedan od ovih sluÄajeva i moguÄe naÄine njihovog rjeÅ”avanja. Prikazujemo operaciju katarakte u 79-godiÅ”nje bolesnice s bijelom zrelom kataraktom i insuficijentnom midrijazom zbog pseudoeksfolijativnog sindroma. Upotrebom vitalnih boja za bojenje prednje kapsule poboljÅ”ava se vizualizacija i olakÅ”ava izvoÄenje kontinuirane kružne kapsulorekse, Å”to je kljuÄna toÄka za izvoÄenje uspjeÅ”ne fakoemulzifikacije. U sluÄaju uske zjenice zbog nedovoljne farmakoloÅ”ke midrijaze možemo ili proÅ”iriti zjenicu ili operirati kroz nju. Pažljiv prijeoperacijski pregled na biomikroskopu i ultrazvuÄni A-scan pregled (tip katarakte s obzirom na karakteristike intralentalnih odjeka) može pomoÄi u odabiru odgovarajuÄe fakoemulzifikacijske tehnike. UnatoÄ veÄoj uÄestalosti intraoperacijskih komplikacija bijele
katarakte se mogu uspjeŔno operirati tehnikom fakoemulzifikacije
Rectus Superior and Levator Palpebrae Superioris (RS+LPS) Muscle Complex Myositis
Opisuje se bolesnica s akutnim miozitisom spleta gornjeg uzdužnog oÄnog miÅ”iÄa i palpebralnog levatora (RS+LPS). žena u dobi od 50 godina primljena je s jednodnevnom anamnezom blažeg otoka vjeÄe, pseudoptoze i boli u lijevoj orbiti. KliniÄkim pregledom utvrdio se edem vjeÄe na lijevom oku, te pseudoptoza s oÄuvanom funkcijom levatora i oÄnim pokretima. Nalazi dobiveni ehografijom i kompjutoriziranom tomografijom (CT) pokazali su izolirano poveÄanje lijevostranog miÅ”iÄnog spleta RS/LPS. Terapija oralnim kortikosteroidima i NSAID dovela je do potpunog nestanka svih nenormalnih kliniÄkih i ehografskih nalaza kroz dva tjedna. Izolirani miozitis miÅ”iÄnog spleta RS+LPS rijetka je bolest, ali je važna za diferencijalnu dijagnozu u bolesnika sa steÄenom blefaroptozom, Äak i onda kad je miÅ”iÄna funkcija oÄuvana. Ovo je bio sluÄaj akutnog izoliranog miozitisa miÅ”iÄnog spleta RS+LPS s oÄuvanom miÅ”iÄnom funkcijom i blagim otokom vjeÄe uz pseudoptozu i bolove u orbiti kao jedinim kliniÄkim pojavnostima bolesti. Dijagnoza je potvrÄena patognomonskim ehografskim i CT nalazom izoliranog poveÄanja miÅ”iÄnog spleta RS+LPS i simptomatskim poboljÅ”anjem uz terapiju kortikosteroidima i NSAID.A patient with acute isolated rectus superior and levator palpebrae superioris (RS+LPS) muscle complex myositis is presented. A 50-year-old woman presented with a one-day history of left mild palpebral edema, pseudoptosis and orbital pain. On clinical examination, the patient exhibited left palpebral edema and pseudoptosis with preserved levator function and eye movements. Echography and computed tomography (CT) scan findings showed isolated enlargement of the left rectus superior RS/ LPS muscle complex. Oral steroid and NSAID therapy led to complete resolution of all abnormal clinical and echography findings within two weeks. Isolated RS+LPS muscle complex myositis is a rare disease; however, it is important for differential diagnosis in patients with acquired blepharoptosis even if the muscle function is preserved. This was a case of acute isolated RS+LPS muscle complex myositis with preserved muscle function and mild palpebral edema with pseudoptosis and orbital pain as the only clinical manifestations of the disease. The diagnosis was confirmed by pathognomonic echography and CT scan findings of isolated enlargement of the RS+LPS muscle complex and symptomatic improvement on corticosteroid and NSAID therapy
Fakoemulzifikacija kod sindroma pseudoeksfolijacije (PEX)
The aim is to present the phacoemulsification phaco-chop technique in a patient with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome without the use of additional pupil dilatation methods. Phacoemulsification surgery and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation in patients with PEX syndrome is associated with a higher rate of intraoperative complications such as zonular dehiscence, capsular rupture, vitreous loss and dropped nucleus. Many options are available for pupils that cannot be dilated sufficiently with pharmacologic agents, such as viscodilatation (Healon 5), bimanual stretching, iris retractor-hooks, and many others. We present cataract surgery in a patient with sufficient mydriasis despite PEX syndrome. The operation was done successfully without intraoperative and postoperative complications. It is concluded that cataract surgery in patients with PEX syndrome is more complicated because of zonular weakness and poor pupillary dilatation. Therefore, these patients should be managed with utmost care and operated on in time by an experienced surgeon.Cilj je prikazati tehniku fakoemulzifikacije phaco-chop kod bolesnika sa sindromom pseudoeksfolijacije (PEX) bez primjene dodatnih metoda Å”irenja zjenice. Fakoemulzifikacija i implantacija intraokularne leÄe u stražnju sobicu kod bolesnika sa sindromom PEX je povezana s poveÄanom uÄestaloÅ”Äu intraoperacijskih komplikacija, kao Å”to su dehiscencija zonula, ruptura kapsule, gubitak staklovine te utonuÄe nukleusa leÄe. Za zjenice koje ne pokazuju zadovoljavajuÄe Å”irenje uz primjenu farmakoloÅ”kih sredstava postoje brojne druge metode kao Å”to su viskodilatacija (Healon 5), bimanualno "istezanje", "retraktor kukice za Å”arenicu" te mnoge druge. Opisuje se ovaj zahvat kod bolesnika sa zadovoljavajuÄom midrijazom usprkos sindromu PEX. Operacija je napravljena uspjeÅ”no bez intraoperacijskih i poslijeoperacijskih komplikacija. ZakljuÄak je kako je kirurgija katarakte kod bolesnika sa sindromom PEX složenija zbog slabosti zonula i slabo proÅ”irene zjenice, zbog Äega ovi bolesnici zahtijevaju osobitu pozornost i iskustvo kirurga
Analiza poslijeoperacijskog kornealnog astigmatizma nakon fakoemulzifikacije kroz Äisti kornealni rez
The aim of the study was to analyze postoperative corneal astigmatism after phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation through a clear corneal incision. This prospective study included 22 eyes (10 right and 12 left eyes) having had phacoemulsification with implantation of a foldable intraocular lens through a clear corneal incision. A superotemporal incision was used in all right eyes, and superonasal incision in all left eyes. Astigmatism was measured by autorefractometer-keratometer preoperatively, and at 1 week, 1 month and 2 months postoperatively. The mean surgically induced corneal astigmatism was 0.23 D (diopter). The vertical component of astigmatism was statistically significantly lower postoperatively than preoperatively (p=0.0404). There was no significant difference in the horizontal component of astigmatism preoperatively and postoperatively (p>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in surgically induced astigmatism between superotemporal incisions in the right eyes and superonasal incisions in the left eyes either (p>0.05). Oblique localization of clear corneal incision, superotemporal in the right eyes and superonasal in the left eyes, may ease manipulations during phacoemulsification for right-handed surgeon without significant difference in the surgically induced astigmatism.Cilj studije bio je analizirati poslijeoperacijski kornealni astigmatizam nakon fakoemulzifikacije i implantacije intraokularne leÄe kroz Äisti kornealni rez. U ovu prospektivnu studiju bila su ukljuÄena 22 oka (10 desnih i 12 lijevih oÄiju) kod kojih je uÄinjena fakoemulzifikacija i implantacija savitljive intraokularne leÄe kroz Äisti kornealni rez. Operacije desnih oÄiju raÄene su kroz superotemporalni rez, a operacije lijevih oÄiju kroz superonazalni rez. Astigmatizam je mjeren autorefraktometrom-Ā¬keratometrom prijeoperacijski, te 1 tjedan, 1 mjesec i 2 mjeseca poslijeoperacijski. Srednja vrijednost kirurÅ”ki induciranog kornealnog astigmatizma iznosila je 0,23 D (dioptrije). Vrijednosti vertikalne komponente astigmatizma bile su statistiÄki znaÄajno niže poslijeoperacijski u odnosu na prijeoperacijske vrijednosti (p=0,0404). Vrijednosti horizontalne komponente astigmatizma nisu se statistiÄki znaÄajno razlikovale prijeoperacijski i poslijeoperacijski (p>0,05). TakoÄer nismo naÅ”li statistiÄki znaÄajnu razliku izmeÄu vrijednosti kirurÅ”ki induciranog astigmatizma nakon superotemporalne incizije u desnim oÄima i superonazalne incizije u lijevim oÄima (p>0,05). ZakljuÄeno je kako kosa lokalizacija Äistog kornealnog reza, superotemporalno u desnim oÄima i superonazalno u lijevim oÄima, može olakÅ”ati rad i manipulacije tijekom fakoemulzifikacije kirurgu deÅ”njaku bez znaÄajne razlike u veliÄini kirurÅ”ki induciranog astigmatizma
Okularni pseudoeksfolijativni sindrom i unutarnje sistemske bolesti
The aim of the study was to assess the association between the presence of ocular pseudoexfoliation syndrome and internal systemic diseases, i.e. arterial hypertension, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart arrhythmias, diabetes mellitus, stroke and transient ischemic attacks. This prospective study included 646 patients aged =50 examined at a general ophthalmology clinic in Knin. Ophthalmologic examination included visual acuity testing and refraction, slit lamp examination, fundus examination and applanation tonometry. The diagnosis of pseudoexfoliation syndrome was based on the presence of characteristic whitish, granular deposits on the anterior segment structures of the eye. Data on the presence of internal systemic disease were collected by interview with patients and from internist and neurological medical records. All data collected were statistically analyzed by use of c2-test and ANOVA. In patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome, the prevalence of arterial hypertension (p=0.468), ischemic heart disease (p=0.372), cerebrovascular disease (p=0.485), diabetes mellitus (p=0.492) was not statistically significantly higher in comparison with patients without pseudoexfoliation syndrome. However, the prevalence of heart arrhythmia was statistically significantly higher in patients with than in those without pseudoexfoliation syndrome (p=0.001). Based on the results of this and other studies, the question of whether the presence of ocular pseudoexfoliation syndrome could be used as a marker in detecting individuals with heart arrhythmias or internal disease remains open.Cilj studije bio je ispitati povezanost izmeÄu okularnog pseudoeksfolijativnog sindroma i unutarnjih sistemskih bolesti arterijske hipertenzije, ishemiÄne bolesti srca (angina pektoris i infarkt miokarda), srÄanih aritmija, Å”eÄerne bolesti i cerebrovaskularnih bolesti (moždani udar i tranzitorne ishemiÄne atake). Ova prospektivna studija ukljuÄila je 646 bolesnika u dobi od 50 ili viÅ”e godina pregledanih u opÄoj oftalmoloÅ”koj ambulanti u Kninu. OftalmoloÅ”ki pregled bolesnika ukljuÄio je ispitivanje vidne oÅ”trine i refrakcije, pregled na biomikroskopu, pregled oÄne pozadine i aplanacijsku tonometriju. Dijagnoza okularnog pseudoeksfolijativnog sindroma postavljena je na temelju prisutnosti znakovitih bjelkastih granularnih nakupina na strukturama prednjeg segmenta oka. Podaci o postojanju unutarnjih sistemskih bolesti prikupljeni su anamnestiÄki i uvidom u internistiÄku i neuroloÅ”ku medicinsku dokumentaciju. Svi prikupljeni podaci obraÄeni su statistiÄki pomoÄu Ć·2-testa i ANOVA. Nismo utvrdili statistiÄki znaÄajnu razliku u uÄestalosti arterijske hipertenzije (p=0,468), ishemiÄne bolesti srca (p=0,372), cerebrovaskularnih bolesti (p=0,485) i Å”eÄerne bolesti (p=0,492) u bolesnika s pseudoeksfolijativnim sindromom u odnosu na uÄestalost tih bolesti u bolesnika bez pseudoeksfolijativnog sindroma. UÄestalost srÄanih aritmija bila je statistiÄki znaÄajno viÅ”a u pacijenata s pseudoeksfolijativnim sindromom u odnosu na uÄestalost srÄanih aritmija u bolesnika bez pseudoeksfolijativnog sindroma (p=0,001). S obzirom na rezultate ove i drugih studija ostaje otvoreno pitanje bi li okularni pseudoeksfolijativni sindrom mogao poslužiti kao biljeg u otkrivanju osoba s poremeÄajem srÄanog ritma odnosno osoba s unutarnjim bolestima
Konzervans u oÄnim kapima kao uzrok pojasaste keratopaije rožnice kod dugotrajne terapije pilokarpin hidrokloridom
The aim is to present a patient with severe bilateral corneal complications after long-term antiglaucoma treatment with 1% pilocarpine hydrochloride (Pilokarpin, Pliva, Zagreb, Croatia) and its management. A patient with narrow-angle glaucoma treated with 1% topical pilocarpine hydrochloride eye drops for the last twenty years complained of impaired vision, intermittent visual haloes and eye redness. Ophthalmologic examination showed bilateral band keratopathy, peripheral laser iridotomy, medicamentous myosis, brown nuclear cataract, and synchysis scintillans of his right eye. Band keratopathy was thought to have resulted from the presence of the preservative phenylmercuric nitrate in the pilocarpine hydrochloride eye drops. Treatment of the patient consisted of two separate procedures for both eyes, i.e. phaco trabeculectomy and six months later corneal procedure including abrasion of corneal epithelium followed by removal of the superficial stromal calcium deposits by means of a 3.75% ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA) solution. After phaco trabeculectomy, visual acuity was 0.8 on both eyes. Bilateral visual improvement with visual acuity 1.0 was recorded after corneal treatment with EDTA. In conclusion, one must be aware of preservative complications in long-term topical use, such as band keratopathy that can be visually incapacitating. Surgical treatment using EDTA is safe and effective treatment for band keratopathy.Cilj je prikazati sluÄaj nastanka rožniÄnih komplikacija uzrokovanih konzervansima pri dugotrajnoj upotrebi kapi 1%- tnog pilokarpin hidroklorida (Pilokarpin, Pliva, Zagreb, Hrvatska) i njihovo lijeÄenje. Bolesnik s glaukomom zatvorenog kuta koji se unazad dvadeset godina lijeÄio antiglaukomskim kapima 1%-tnog pilokarpin hidroklorida tri puta na dan žalio se na slabiji vid, haloe i povremeno crvenilo oÄiju. OftalmoloÅ”kim pregledom naÄene su obostrane pojasaste degeneracije rožnice, periferne laserske iriditomije, zjenice u medikamentnoj miozi, tamna nuklearna bilateralna katarakta i scintilirajuÄa sinhiza desnog oka. Konzervans živin nitrat smatra se uzrokom pojasaste degeneracije rožnice kod ovoga bolesnika. LijeÄenje bolesnika sastojalo se od dva postupka za oba oka: prvi je bio kombinirani zahvat fakoemulzifikacije katarakte s trabekulektomijom, a nakon Å”est mjeseci lijeÄenje koje je ukljuÄivalo abraziju kornealnog epitela i uklanjanje stromalnih kalcijskih depozita pomoÄu 3,75%-tne otopine etilendiamintetraoctene kiseline (EDTA). Vidna oÅ”trina nakon fakotrabekulektomije bila je 0,8 na oba oka. Obostrano poboljÅ”anje vida do vidne oÅ”trine 1,0 postiglo se nakon uklanjanja rožniÄnih depozita pomoÄu EDTA. ZakljuÄuje se kako se prilikom dugotrajne upotrebe lijekova s konzervansima mogu oÄekivati nuspojave kao Å”to je pojasasta degeneracija rožnice koja može doprinijeti znatnom smanjenju vidne oÅ”trine. KirurÅ”ko lijeÄenje pomoÄu EDTA je sigurna i uÄinkovita metoda lijeÄenja pojasaste degeneracije rožnice