108 research outputs found
Rice yield penalty and quality deterioration is associated with failure of nitrogen uptake from regreening to panicle initiation stage under salinity
In recent years, the development and utilization of saline land for rice cultivation have effectively expanded grain productivity. Rice is a salt-sensitive crop, and the increasing salinity problem threatens rice yield and quality. Therefore, we conducted open field experiments to study the effect of salinity on different growth stages of rice. Irrigating saline treatment was conducted at three different growth stages: irrigating saline from the regreening stage to the panicle initiation stage (S1), irrigating saline from the panicle initiation stage to the flowering stage (S2), and irrigating saline from the flowering stage to the maturity stage (S3). Each treatment period lasted for about 30 days. At the same time, irrigating saline water from the regreening stage to the maturity stage (S4) treatment was added in 2022 to explore the performance of salt stress during the whole growth period of rice. Based on the treatment of these different saline irrigation growth periods, three saline concentrations were incorporated, including salinity 0‰ (T1), 3‰ (T2), and 6‰ (T3) concentrations. No irrigating saline during the whole growth period was also used as a control (CK). The results indicated that rice grain yield and quality were most sensitive to saline treatment during S1 among the three stress periods. At the S1 stage, salinity mainly reduced the nitrogen uptake, resulting in stunted plant growth, reducing tillering, yield, and yield components, and deteriorating the rice quality. Compared to the control, IEN (grain yield over the total amount of N uptake in plants at maturity) was more sensitive at the S1 stage than S2 and S3 stages under salinity. Furthermore, the findings of our study suggest that under salinity, rice growth is not only directly affected by the higher sodium (Na+) content in plants, but the higher concentration of Na+ reduced the ability of plants to uptake nitrogen. Thus, more attention should be paid to the field management of the S1 stage, the most sensitive stage during rice cultivation in salinized areas. It is necessary to avoid salt damage to rice during this period and ensure irrigation with precious freshwater resources
A Family of Lanthanide Noncentrosymmetric Superconductors La ( = Ru, Rh, Ir; = Al, In)
We report the discovery of superconductivity in a series of
noncentrosymmetric compounds La ( = Ru, Rh, Ir; = Al, In), which
have a cubic crystal structure with space group . LaRuAl,
LaRhAl, LaIrAl, LaRuIn and LaIrIn exhibit bulk superconducting
transitions with critical temperatures of 1.77 K, 3.05 K, 1.54 K, 0.58 K
and 0.93 K, respectively. The specific heat of the LaAl compounds are
consistent with an -wave model with a fully open superconducting gap. In all
cases, the upper critical fields are well described by the
Werthamer-Helfand-Hohenberg model, and the values are well below the Pauli
limit, indicating that orbital limiting is the dominant pair-breaking
mechanism. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the degree
of band splitting by the antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling (ASOC) shows
considerable variation between the different compounds. This indicates that the
strength of the ASOC is highly tunable across this series of superconductors,
suggesting that these are good candidates for examining the relationship
between the ASOC and superconducting properties in noncentrosymmetric
superconductors.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
- …