The urban retailing system in Kushiro and its change

Thesis (Ph.D. in Science)--University of Tsukuba, (B), no. 1157, 1996.1.3

日本における「小売業の地理学」の研究動向とその課題

本研究は，近年の日本における小売業に関する地理学的研究を流通地理学的研究と都市・農村地理学的研究とに区分し，後者の中で都市地理学的に小売業を扱う研究の動向を概観し，その課題を指摘することを目的とする。この分野では1990年代後半以降にまちづくりの視点を導入した研究が増加したが，都市内小売業の空間構造研究の解明を主目的とする研究は等閑視された。まちづくりと小売業との関係を明瞭にして，新たな枠組で従来の地理学の成果を発展させる必要がある。その例として，小売業というより小売店とそれに関連する都市施設を含めて，新たな視点から小売店を分析する枠組を示すことが考えられる。また，都市地理学的な研究では一部の都市圏･都市のみが対象であり，日本全体の流通構造との関係が不明瞭であった。この点に関しては，流通地理学と都市地理学的小売業の研究の双方からのアプローチが必要であろう。This paper highlightes the major trends and issues of retail geography in Japan. This paper reviews studies on retail geography after the mid- 1990 s in the following on framework: That is the urban geography focusing on the retail locational studies. In the 1990s, the Japanese government relaxed the restrictions under the Large-scale Retail Stores Act. As a result, many retail areas in built-up areas have decreased, while suburban large retail stores have increased. In 1998, Government established the Large-scale Retail Store Locational Act and the Central District Vitalization Act, and revised the City Planning Act. These three acts constituted the "Three Acts of Machi-zukuri (Urban Development)". After the middle of 1990s, many geographers have been interested in "Machi-zukuri" and the development process in central district. Most of papers on Machi-zukuri focused on the relationships between the decline of central districts and suburbanization of large-scale stores. After the 1990s, papers on retail areas analyzed the type of stores, the behavior of store owners in retail areas and their environment elements, for example, the retail planning policy, the revitalizing action and others. By researching retail areas in many aspects, we can find the factors sustaining the retail areas and explain the reason why retail area has changed. While there are relatively many studies about the economic effects of the changes in retail areas, there are few studies about social effects of the changes in retail areas. However, most of these studies are not interested in analyzing the urban retail system. Therefore, we do not have precise knowledge about the contemporary retail system in Japanese cities. We need to establish the new framework for analyzing the urban retail system for Japanese cities

Learning of Industry and Geographical Perspectives in the Elementary School

本研究は、小学校社会科の第5 学年における工業地域の学習において、地理的な見方・考え方のプロセス、すなわち、資料の収集、整理、分析、解釈、発表という一連のプロセスに即した小学校第5 学年の工業地域の学習を検討した。工業統計を利用して、マクロスケールとミクロスケールとの双方から工業地域を地図化する学習が考えられる。それにより、日本の工業地域がマクロスケールでは太平洋ベルトとして把握でき、さらに都道府県別産業別出荷額を検討することにより、臨海部の石油化学工業・鉄鋼業と内陸部の加工組立型工業の分布の違いが明瞭になる。ミクロスケールの分析では、阪神工業地帯の外側の内陸部にも工業地域が形成されていることが理解でき

The strategy for the revitalization of inner-city neighborhood in Boston : A case study of Roxbury

While some large cities had succeeded to revitalize their CBD in USA, most of inner cities had continued to decrease. The City of Boston has approached to revitalize inner-city neighborhoods since the 1990s. The aim of this study is to review the strategy for revitalizing distressed inner-city neighborhood, Roxbury in Boston. The Roxbury strategic master plan published in 2004 aimed to encourage economic developments that reflect consistency of the needs and resources of residents and local businesses. In Dudley Square, which is placed as the eco-nomic and social center in Roxbury, there were bigger projects which were built by public dollars to leverage additional private dollars and resources. In 2012, most of retailers were local businesses and there were few chain stores in Dudley Square. It may mean that this revitalization project helps to promote local businesses in Dudley Square