Detection of Cervical Uterine Cancer: cytology after 25 years old?

In Cuba, as in other western countries, Cervical Uterine Cancer is in the second place of oncological morbidity in women from 20 to 30 years old. There also studies which show deficient information about adolescents regarding sexually transmitted diseases and their consequences, among them developing cancer. This article is aimed at reflecting about the incidence of this disease at early ages; however the program for its detection includes performing cytology starting at 25 year old. It necessary then, to think the measures to be taken so that this scourge does not affect young women

Clinical-epidemilogical characterization of patients with leptopirosis in the Cumanayagua Municipality. Cienfuegos Province. 2007-2017

Foundation: leptospirosis still is the most prequent zoonosis worldwide. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically patients with leptospirosis. Methods: Observational descriptive method which included 38 cases diagnosed leptospirosis in the Cumanayagua Municipality, Cienfuegos Province in the period 2207- 2017. The variables used were year and month of the diagnosis, age sex, precedence, vaccination antecedents, possible source of infection, signs, symptoms and complications. Data was collected from chronological series and epidemiological histories at the Municipal Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology. Data processing was done with Excel and percentages and incidence rates were used. Results: during the period 2072 patients were reported as suspected to have the disease and only 38 were confirmed. The highest rate was in 2013 with 42.1%. Only 15% had antecedents of being vaccinated with the anti- leptospirosis vaccine. The infection source of higher incidence was to be an agricultural worker with 47.4%, followed by contact with animals 28.9%. Among the most frequent symptoms were fever, chephalalgias, myalgias and arthralgias. Conclusion: a sub-registration in the serological diagnosis of the cases., occupational risks with contact to agricultural activities and predominance of clinical anicteric form

Clinical-epidemiological characterization of tuberculosis in the Cumanayagua Municiality. Cienfuegos Province. 2007-2017

Introduction: It is a challange to eliminate tuberculosis in Cuba. Objective: to characterize clinically and epidemiologically pacients with tuberculosis. Methods: observational descriptive research which included 24 cases reported with tuberculosis in Cumanayagua from 2007 to 2017. Tha variables analized were: year of diagnosis, classification according to the type of tuberculosis (pulmonary or extra-pulmonary), Age, sex, place of diagnosis, occupation, community, health area, associated risk factors, signs and symptoms. Data was collected from the chronological series and epidemiological histories existing at the Municipal Units of Hygiene and Epidemilogy in the municipality. Data processing was done by excell and percentages and incidence rate were used. Results: the highest rate of the disease presented in 2013. The highest number of cases was reported from 55 to 59 years old with 9 cases. Patients with positive basiloscopy with a 66,7 %. A 62,5 % was diagnosed in the second level of care. The male sex, retired and agriculture workers predominated. The most frequent risk factors were tabaquism and alcoholism. The most frequent symptoms were cough, loss of weight, asthenia and fiver. Conclusion: tuberculosis at the Municipality of Cumanayagua presented according to the clinical and epidemiological characteristics described in the literature reviewed; there were difficulties in the opportunity of diagnosis at the first care level

Characterization of Suicidal Attempt in Adolescents of the Cumanayagua Municipality

Foundation: the World Health Organization has determined that suicide in an important health problem since it is among the first causes of death in all ages. In Cuba and in Cienfuegos a trend to increase has been observed in youngsters. Objective: to characterize the suicidal attempt in adolescent of the Cumanayagua municipality from January 2009 to December 2013. Method: a cross descriptive study was done about the epidemiological behavior according to variables of the suicidal conduct at the Cumanayagua municipality from 2009 to 2013 with a universe of 110 patients. The information was collected by revising cards of compulsory statement and surveys where studied variables were included. The statistical analysis was developed by SSPS program and the results are presented in tables. Results: there were a higher number of suicidal attempts in the female sex, white skin, single and secundary schooling. The predominant model was the ingestion of medications and family, school and personal problems were the triggering factors of suicidal attempt. Conclusion: the multi-causal origin of this phenomenon is undeniable and the personal, interpersonal, and social factors are significant in interaction with circumstance and psycho-social factors which function as unleashing factors

Educative Intervention for parents or Tutors of asthmatic children

Foundation: in Cuba, bronchial asthma constitutes an important health problem with relevant incidence in children. Parent´s knowledge about its management results essential. Objective: to apply a program of educative intervention to increase the level of information of parents and children. Methods: intervention study developed from May 2016, in doctor´s office 8 Cumanayagua. All parents whose children had been diagnosed bronchial asthma in ages from 0 to 15 were included. A diagnosis was realized to identify the level of information about the management of bronchial asthma and on those bases four educative topics were prepared to be taught to parents. After the intervention it was it was checked the level of assimilation. The variables measured were age and sex of the children, knowledge of parents about symptom identification, management and measures for its prevention, precipitating factors. Results: the male sex predominated among children (72%) and ages from 5-9 (54,6%). Initial diagnosis showed that parents and tutors had a low level of information about bronchial asthma, 63, 5 % was evaluated poor or low. The biggest gaps were on the prodromal symptoms of asthma (63, 64 % low), figures that were reduced to 9% and 0% respectively after the intervention. Precipitating factors for crisis mostly identified were tobacco smoke, respiratory infections, climate changes and the least known emotional experiences. A high knowledge of preventive measures was elevated from 9.09% to 81,82 % after the intervention. Educative actions increased the percentage of those evaluated good in knowledge which went up to 81,82 %. Conclusion: not all parents of asthmatic children have adequate knowledge about the management of their children, which may be modified by applying strategies to educate them

Experiences in control of COVID-19 outbreak in three positive cases. Cumanayagua Municipality. Cienfuegos, 2020

Different studies show that COVID-19 outbreaks constantly occur. The objective of this work is to present the surveillance and control actions in a COVID-19 focus in the municipality of Cumanayagua, Cienfuegos. The index case was a traveler from the United States, who stayed in the community and was related to the first case found in the Municipality: male patient, 67 years old, retired and with no history of concomitant diseases, whose symptoms were cough, five days after contact with said traveler. Twenty-seven contacts were identified, two of them under 15 years of age, all asymptomatic. The other secondary cases were the niece's husband, a 22-year-old male, worker as a Security Agent, with a total of 14 contacts, all asymptomatic, and the daughter-in-law, 38, a housewife, with five contacts, also asymptomatic . All contacts were transferred to an isolation center. The time elapsed between direct contact with the index case and the diagnosis of positivity was between three and five days. Secondary cases, a week were positive. Epidemiological measures were aimed at stopping transmission and preventing contagion

Detección de cáncer cérvico- uterino: ¿prueba citológica a partir de los 25 años?

En Cuba, al igual que en el resto de los países occidentales, el cáncer cérvico-uterino se encuentra en segundo lugar de morbilidad oncológica en mujeres de 20 a 30 años. También hay estudios que revelan información deficiente por parte de las adolescentes en cuanto a las infecciones de transmisión sexual y sus consecuencias, entre las que se encuentra el enfermar de cáncer. Este artículo tiene como objetivo reflexionar acerca de la incidencia de esta enfermedad en edades tempranas, sin embargo el programa para su detección contempla la realización de pruebas citológicas a partir de los 25 años. Se impone entonces pensar en las medidas a tomar para que este flagelo no afecte a mujeres en edades tan tempranas

Quality in the analysis of health situation: a non-achieved goal

Analyzing the health situation is a core research in the Primary Health level, since it studies health and its determinants aimed at determining the appropriate ways for problem solving inn the same scenario where they arise and develop. There are, however, difficulties in in its implementation , which are based both on false conceptions about its usefulness and ignorance about the correct way to do it. The objective of this work is to reflect about the difficulties that still persist in their realization