Motivation in English-Medium Instruction in a Japanese University : Exploring Better Pedagogical Practices from the Perspective of Self-Determination Theory

関西大

ヒョウカ ホウホウ ノ ヘンセン ヒショ ノ バアイ

秘書の人事管理の形態は、企業によりさまざまであるが、筆者が秘書職に就いていた1980 年代は、他部門の事務職と同様に年功序列制度を導入し昇格させていく企業が多かった。それ以降は、目標管理制度などを導入し評価を行うという企業が増えてきた。それでは、実際に秘書職に就いている方々は、どのような目標設定をし、達成し、評価を受けているのだろうか。本稿では、本学の学生たちが卒業後就職し（特に事務職や秘書職）、働き続けるためには、どのような力が必要になっていくのかを理解し、今後のキャリア・ビジネス教育に役立てたいと考え、現在秘書職に就いている方々にヒアリング調査を行い、まとめてみた

ビジネスケイ タンキ ダイガク ニオケル ヒショ キョウイク : ヒショ キョウイク オ トオシテ シャカイジン キソリョク オ ツケル

総合職に就く女性が増えている昨今ではあるが、短期大学の学生は、現在も事務職に就きたいと希望する傾向にある。日本経済団体連合会の調査によると、採用選考時に重視する要素として「コミュニケーション能力」が上位に挙げられている。そのため、事務職に就くことを希望する学生にとっては、「コミュニケーション能力」の中の主に接遇コミュニケーション能力を身につけておくことが重要だと考えられる。古くから秘書教育では、ロールプレイングを取り入れた指導方法を導入しているが、最近の学生はマニュアルどおりには動くが、自らが創意工夫をして接遇を行うのは苦手なようである。その解決策として、筆者は学生たちにグループワークによりシナリオを作成させ、ロールプレイングをさせるという指導方法を導入した。その方法と学生の振り返りシートによる気づき・満足度について報告する

Frontline Nursing Staff’s Perceptions of Intravenous Medication Administration: The First Step Toward Safer Infusion Processes-a Qualitative Study

OBJECTIVES: Intravenous medication errors continue to significantly impact patient safety and outcomes. This study sought to clarify the complexity and risks of the intravenous administration process. DESIGN: A qualitative focus group interview study. SETTING: Focused interviews were conducted using process mapping with frontline nurses responsible for medication administration in September 2020. PARTICIPANTS: Front line experiened nurses from a Japanese tertiary teaching hospital. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome measure was to identify the mental models frontline nurses used during intravenous medication administration, which influence their interactions with patients, and secondarily, to examine the medication process gaps between the mental models nurses perceive and the actual defined medication administration process. RESULTS: We found gaps between the perceived clinical administration process and the real process challenges with an emphasis on the importance of verifying to see if the drug was ordered for the patient immediately before its administration. CONCLUSIONS: This novel and applied improvement approach can help nurses and managers better understand the process vulnerability of the infusion process and develop a deeper understanding of the administration steps useful for reliably improving the safety of intravenous medications

看護系大学生の社会人基礎力の属性別の検討

本研究の目的は、Ａ公立大学看護学科生の社会人基礎力の属性別の相違を検討することである。社会人基礎力は経済産業省により3分類12能力要素の構成とされている。1年次生と4年次生の学生134名を対象に、看護学生の社会人基礎力を問う36項目の質問紙調査（北島ら、2011）を実施した。その結果、両学年とも12の能力要素の「規律性」や「傾聴力」は高く、「想像力」や「計画力」は低い傾向が見られた。しかし、1年次生と4年次生に有意差は認められなかった。社会人基礎力育成のためには、学生の自己評価と他者評価を合わせて同集団を継続的に評価し支援する必要がある

Structural differences between the closely related RNA helicases, UAP56 and URH49, fashion distinct functional apo-complexes

mRNAを核から細胞質へ輸送するバルクmRNA輸送体の構成因子を解明 がんの早期発見や予後の予測に役立つ可能性のある研究成果. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2024-01-16.mRNA export is an essential pathway for the regulation of gene expression. In humans, closely related RNA helicases, UAP56 and URH49, shape selective mRNA export pathways through the formation of distinct complexes, known as apo-TREX and apo-AREX complexes, and their subsequent remodeling into similar ATP-bound complexes. Therefore, defining the unidentified components of the apo-AREX complex and elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the formation of distinct apo-complexes is key to understanding their functional divergence. In this study, we identify additional apo-AREX components physically and functionally associated with URH49. Furthermore, by comparing the structures of UAP56 and URH49 and performing an integrated analysis of their chimeric mutants, we exhibit unique structural features that would contribute to the formation of their respective complexes. This study provides insights into the specific structural and functional diversification of these two helicases that diverged from the common ancestral gene Sub2

Asbestos-Induced Cellular and Molecular Alteration of Immunocompetent Cells and Their Relationship with Chronic Inflammation and Carcinogenesis

Asbestos causes lung fibrosis known as asbestosis as well as cancers such as malignant mesothelioma and lung cancer. Asbestos is a mineral silicate containing iron, magnesium, and calcium with a core of SiO2. The immunological effect of silica, SiO2, involves the dysregulation of autoimmunity because of the complications of autoimmune diseases found in silicosis. Asbestos can therefore cause alteration of immunocompetent cells to result in a decline of tumor immunity. Additionally, due to its physical characteristics, asbestos fibers remain in the lung, regional lymph nodes, and the pleural cavity, particularly at the opening sites of lymphatic vessels. Asbestos can induce chronic inflammation in these areas due to the production of reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. As a consequence, immunocompetent cells can have their cellular and molecular features altered by chronic and recurrent encounters with asbestos fibers, and there may be modification by the surrounding inflammation, all of which eventually lead to decreased tumor immunity. In this paper, the brief results of our investigation regarding reduction of tumor immunity of immunocompetent cells exposed to asbestos in vitro are discussed, as are our findings concerned with an investigation of chronic inflammation and analyses of peripheral blood samples derived from patients with pleural plaque and mesothelioma that have been exposed to asbestos

Decreased ADP-Ribosyl Cyclase Activity in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Diabetic Patients with Nephropathy

Aims/hypothesis. ADP-ribosyl-cyclase activity (ADPRCA) of CD38 and other ectoenzymes mainly generate cyclic adenosine 5’diphosphate-(ADP-) ribose (cADPR) as a second messenger in various mammalian cells, including pancreatic beta cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Since PBMCs contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, ADPRCA of PBMCs could serve as a clinical prognostic marker for diabetic nephropathy. This study aimed to investigate the connection between ADPRCA in PBMCs and diabetic complications. Methods. PBMCs from 60 diabetic patients (10 for type 1 and 50 for type 2) and 15 nondiabetic controls were fluorometrically measured for ADPRCA based on the conversion of nicotinamide guanine dinucleotide (NGD+) into cyclic GDP-ribose. Results. ADPRCA negatively correlated with the level of HbA1c (P = .040, R2 = .073), although ADPRCA showed no significant correlation with gender, age, BMI, blood pressure, level of fasting plasma glucose and lipid levels, as well as type, duration, or medication of diabetes. Interestingly, patients with nephropathy, but not other complications, presented significantly lower ADPRCA than those without nephropathy (P = .0198) and diabetes (P = .0332). ANCOVA analysis adjusted for HbA1c showed no significant correlation between ADPRCA and nephropathy. However, logistic regression analyses revealed that determinants for nephropathy were systolic blood pressure and ADPRCA, not HbA1c. Conclusion/interpretation. Decreased ADPRCA significantly correlated with diabetic nephropathy. ADPRCA in PBMCs would be an important marker associated with diabetic nephropathy

Induction of Tumor-specific T Cell Immunity by Anti-DR5 Antibody Therapy

Because tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) preferentially induces apoptosis in tumor cells and plays a critical role in tumor surveillance, its receptor is an attractive target for antibody-mediated tumor therapy. Here we report that a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against the mouse TRAIL receptor, DR5, exhibited potent antitumor effects against TRAIL-sensitive tumor cells in vivo by recruiting Fc receptor–expressing innate immune cells, with no apparent systemic toxicity. Administration of the agonistic anti-DR5 mAb also significantly inhibited experimental and spontaneous tumor metastases. Notably, the anti-DR5 mAb-mediated tumor rejection by innate immune cells efficiently evoked tumor-specific T cell immunity that could also eradicate TRAIL-resistant variants. These results suggested that the antibody-based therapy targeting DR5 is an efficient strategy not only to eliminate TRAIL-sensitive tumor cells, but also to induce tumor-specific T cell memory that affords a long-term protection from tumor recurrence