GENETIC POLYMORPHISM OF REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE AND PROTEASE ASSOCIATED WITH THE ANTIRETROVIRAL (ARV) INEFFICIENCY IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE-2 (HIV-2) IN ABIDJAN, CÔTE D’IVOIRE

Objectives: To analyse the genetic polymorphism of reverse transcriptase and protease genes in patients living with HIV-2, to search for possible mutations preventing the effectiveness of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). Methods: RNA Viral was extracted after lysis of the virus particles and purified on filter columns (Qiagen). After their extraction, DNA fragments were amplified by the method of reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) on one hand and by the PCR method enchase on the other hand. The study of genetic polymorphisms in reverse transcriptase and protease was performed after sequencing of amplicons. Results: A significant polymorphism was observed in positions involved in resistance to antiretrovirals. The most frequent was mutations M 46 I, M 36 I/V, V82I, L 89 I on protease and Y 181 I, Y 188 L, G 190A on reverse transcriptase. Conclusion: Polymorphic mutations were observed in the genes of the protease and reverse transcriptase and could be involved in the HIV-2 resistance to antiretrovirals (ARVs). It would be desirable to do the quantification of DNA provirus of HIV-2 in the other for a durable therapeutic monitoring of patients having HIV-2