The Microlensing and Halo Models of the Galaxy

We investigated the dependence of the optical depth $\tau$ of the microlensing events on model parameters of the Galactic halo. We only consider Galactic mass models in which the rotation curve inside the Sun is compatible with the observation and LMC is bound to the Galaxy. It is found that $\tau$ varies up to a factor 2.5 from the standard spherical and flat rotation halo model. This implies that only the most centrally concentrated halo model can be consistent with the observation if the halo consists of only MACHOs. We also calculate the power $x$ of IMF of MACHO consistent with Tyson's CCD survey as well as Bahcall \etal's observation by {\em HST}. It is found that $x$ is greater than 5.Comment: 17 pages (including 8 figures), uuencoded gz-compressed postscrip

The representations of Hercules and Hydra in Shakespeare’s Coriolanus

This thesis relates Coriolanus to traditions of Renaissance and Reformation thinking on Hercules and Hydra, which had acquired new connotations in the age after neglect during the Middle Ages; and this study investigates the play’s engagement with that material and more precisely its active relationships to texts and ideas at present under-represented in its critical reception and especially by Shakespearean critics. Coriolanus highlights the conflict between the patricians including heroic Coriolanus and the plebeians, and Coriolanus describes the plebeians as “the many-headed multitude” like “Hydra” (2.3.16-17; 3.1.96). Coriolanus is compared to Hercules (4.6.104), and battle between Hercules and the many-headed Hydra is suggested in the play. If Hydra symbolises subjects, likewise Hercules stands for rulers. In short, the closer examination of Hercules and Hydra leads us to a deeper understanding of Shakespeare’s presentation of rulers and subjects. In the Introduction, a preliminary analysis of Coriolanus will elucidate the significance of the mythical hero and monster. Chapter 1 will discuss the roots of the phrase “many-headed multitude” in Coriolanus: it is a reflection, in complex form, of the really existing social instability in late Tudor and early Stuart England, which experienced many rebellions and famines; and it is in the tradition of Renaissance Humanism. Building on this material, Chapter 2 explores the way some European monarchs compared themselves to Hercules. The next two chapters analyse Herculean “eloquence” and “virtue,” which are quintessentially Humanistic terms, and they trace the use of the “eloquent” and “virtuous” Hercules as a model for European monarchs in the Renaissance. Finally, we study Hydra as a symbol of “the flexibility of the self” in the Humanistic tradition. This study employs the methodology of the iconology of the Warburg School and the history of ideas, referring to Erasmus, Luther, Calvin, Holbein’s engravings, and Alciato’s emblem books, etc

Expected EAGLE event rate towards the Magellanic Clouds

We propose to search for MACHOs by observing EAGLE (Extremely Amplified Gravitational LEnsing) events of a majority of dim stars. This search is independent of the usual one. For the detection limit of EAGLE (about 20 mag), about 100 f (\tau^{LMC} / 3 \times 10^{-7}) (100 days / ) EAGLE events/y are expected to result from all the dim stars in LMC. Here \tau^{LMC} and are the optical depth and the average duration of microlensing events, respectively, while f (0 < f < 1) is a parameter depending on the unknown stellar luminosity function. The observed mean duration of EAGLE events also depends on the luminosity function and is (0.01 - 0.4) times the usual duration of microlensing events, which corresponds to (1 - 30) days. The follow-up observation using larger telescopes may enable us to determine the impact parameter and the true duration of the event. If f is determined by another independent method, we can also determine \tau^{LMC}. Even if f is undetermined, the detection of EAGLE events strongly suggest that MACHOs are not due to variable source stars, since EAGLE events are due to the dim main-sequence stars. Although for the SMC, the event rate is smaller by a factor of about 7, it is still a substantial number (about 13 f (\tau^{SMC} / 3 \times 10^{-7} (100 days / ) events/y).Comment: 8 pages, Prog. Theor. Phys. in pres

Backscattering of Gamma Rays from Tin Slabs

The backscattering of gamma rays from tin slabs was investigated as a function of slab thickness. The point isotropic ⁶⁰Co and ¹³⁷Cs sources were placed on the front face of the scatterer. The obtained data was converted to the response-corrected spectra with the aid of an inverse response matrix, and the angular and energy distributions of backscattered photons were obtained and compared with the other experimental and calculated results

The Minimum Total Mass of MACHOs and Halo Models of the Galaxy

If the density distribution \rho (r) of MACHOs is spherically symmetric with respect to the Galactic center, it is shown that the minimal total mass M_{min}^{{ MACHO}} of the MACHOs is 1.7\times 10^{10}\sol \tau_{-6.7}^{{ LMC}} where \tau_{-6.7}^{{ LMC}} is the optical depth (\tau^{{ LMC}}) toward the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) in the unit of 2\times 10^{-7}. If \rho (r) is a decreasing function of r, it is proved that M_{min}^{{ MACHO}} is 5.6\times 10^{10}\sol \tau_{-6.7}^{{ LMC}}. Several spherical and axially symmetric halo models of the Galaxy with a few free parameters are also considered. It is found that M_{min}^{{ MACHO}} ranges from 5.6\times 10^{10}\sol \tau_{-6.7}^{{ LMC}} to \sim 3 \times 10^{11}\sol \tau_{-6.7}^{{ LMC}}. For general case, the minimal column density \Sigma_{min}^{{ MACHO}} of MACHOs is obtained as \Sigma_{min}^{{ MACHO}} =25 \sol { pc}^{-2}\tau_{-6.7}^{{ LMC}}. If the clump of MACHOs exist only halfway between LMC and the sun, M_{min}^{{ MACHO}} is 1.5\times 10^9\sol. This shows that the total mass of MACHOs is smaller than 5 \times 10^{10}\sol , i.e. \sim 10\% of the mass of the halo inside LMC, either if the density distribution of MACHOs is unusual or \tau^{{ LMC}}\ll 2\times 10^{-7}.Comment: 5 pages, 5 Encapsulated PostScript figures, Latex, Accepted for publication in Apj. Letter

The representations of Hercules and Hydra in Shakespeare’s Coriolanus

This thesis relates Coriolanus to traditions of Renaissance and Reformation thinking on Hercules and Hydra, which had acquired new connotations in the age after neglect during the Middle Ages; and this study investigates the play’s engagement with that material and more precisely its active relationships to texts and ideas at present under-represented in its critical reception and especially by Shakespearean critics. Coriolanus highlights the conflict between the patricians including heroic Coriolanus and the plebeians, and Coriolanus describes the plebeians as “the many-headed multitude” like “Hydra” (2.3.16-17; 3.1.96). Coriolanus is compared to Hercules (4.6.104), and battle between Hercules and the many-headed Hydra is suggested in the play. If Hydra symbolises subjects, likewise Hercules stands for rulers. In short, the closer examination of Hercules and Hydra leads us to a deeper understanding of Shakespeare’s presentation of rulers and subjects. In the Introduction, a preliminary analysis of Coriolanus will elucidate the significance of the mythical hero and monster. Chapter 1 will discuss the roots of the phrase “many-headed multitude” in Coriolanus: it is a reflection, in complex form, of the really existing social instability in late Tudor and early Stuart England, which experienced many rebellions and famines; and it is in the tradition of Renaissance Humanism. Building on this material, Chapter 2 explores the way some European monarchs compared themselves to Hercules. The next two chapters analyse Herculean “eloquence” and “virtue,” which are quintessentially Humanistic terms, and they trace the use of the “eloquent” and “virtuous” Hercules as a model for European monarchs in the Renaissance. Finally, we study Hydra as a symbol of “the flexibility of the self” in the Humanistic tradition. This study employs the methodology of the iconology of the Warburg School and the history of ideas, referring to Erasmus, Luther, Calvin, Holbein’s engravings, and Alciato’s emblem books, etc

Application of Neural Network to Fault Diagnosis ofElectro-Mechanical System

In this paper, neuro based intelligent diagnosis methods for electro-mechanical control system are proposed. A self organizing map neural network (SOM) is used to classify measured data of the target system as a qualitative diagnostic method. Besides of the above procedure, it is expected to attain more efficient maintenance by a quantitative estimation of failure. For the purpose, new method is proposed using a hierarchical neural network (HNN). In the method, classified results by SOM are processed for the quantitative diagnosis. Hierarchical neural network can identify inner structure of the relations between failure causes and its results that enables a quantitative diagnosis

Statistical Estimation Model for Product Quality of Petroleum

Controls of the temperature, pressure and flowing quantity are important for the stable operation of the product quality in the distillation tower. The usual measuring way of product quality estimation is made by the off-line analysis. In this paper, online estimation method of product quality is studied for improving the product quality. The estimation method based on stochastic analysis was developed for online estimation. In this paper, the data of temperature, pressure and flow volum in the distillation tower are treated. As the estimation models, RNN (Recurrent Neural Net Work) and PLS (Partial Least Square Regression Method) were adopted. The actual plant data were used in the analysis. Both PLS and RNN models could compensate each other to improve the accuracy in estimation

Feature Extraction and Classification of Operational Data for Diagnosis of Hot Strip Mill Looper Control

In these days, mechanical systems are becoming more complex and highly automated. So, there exist wide variety of demands for reliable diagnostic technology. A reliable data analysis and quantitative diagnosis method of mechanical system is necessary for the purpose. In this paper a quantitative diagnosis method for looper height control system has been developed based on neural network technologies. The wavelet transformation is used for pre-processing to analyze characteristics of looper height control system. And, self organizing map neural network is used for the purpose of classification based on the pre-processed data. After that, the classified results are used for quantitative diagnosis in hierarchical neural network