Validity and Reability Test of Indonesian Version World Health Organization Quality of Life-HIV BREF Questionnaire to Measure The Quality of Life Patients with HIV/AIDS

Introduction. Health-related quality of life among HIV patients and can be used as an indicator of successful therapy. WHOQOL-HIV BREF questionnaire is one of the instruments used to assess the patients’ quality of life that has been used in many countries, but has never been tested for its validity and reliability in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the validity and reliability of the questionnaire WHOQOL-HIV BREF in Indonesian as a tool for measuring the quality of life of HIV patients. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in HIV Integrated Service Unit Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (RSCM) Jakarta in November 2016 with consecutive sampling method. The study was conducted in two phases: first, the language and cultural adaptation process and second phase was to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Results. Total of 56 respondents filled the questionnaire, 69.6% of them were male. Through a multi-trait scaling analysis, it was found that correlation coefficient value had a high correlation to the total score domain, which meant that it had a good validation. Correlation between questionnaire domain WHOQOL-HIV BREF and SF-36 questionnaire domain obtained 6 significant domains (p <0.005) with a strong correlation coefficient (r = 0.60 to 0.79). Reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by intra class correlation coefficient, each domain from 0.401 to 0.484 and 0.513 to 0.798 for Cronbach Alpha. Conclusions. The questionnaire WHOQOL-HIV BREF in the Indonesian language is valid and reliable

Effect of Seaweed Extract Application on The Growth, Flowering And Fruit Characteristics of Strawberry (Fragaria X Ananassa Duch) cv. Albion Growing in Iraq Condition.

This experiment was established in pots during vegetative period of 2017, in Kalar Sulaymaniyah, North of Iraq, to investigate the effect of seaweed extract (Alga 600) of four concentrations (0,2,4,8 g.L-1) by fertigation system on growth, flowering, yield and quality properties of strawberry cv. Albion., Drip irrigation system was used for irrigation of the plants. As we come to the results in terms of the vegetative growth characters, increasing seaweed extract (Alga 600) amounts was found different statically on number of crown (p<0,01). The results with regard to flower properties show that increasing seaweed extract applications are significant on number of flower per plant from 16,55 units/plant to 21,77 units/plant (p<0,05). The results in point of fruit properties show that increasing Alga 600 amounts caused to significant increasing on number of fruit per plant from 11,81units/plant to 17,7 units/plant (p<0.01) and total volume of fruit from 211,74 ml to 329,37 ml p<0.05) and show the significant increasing on yield properties per plant from 191,7 g to 295,03 g compare with control treatment (p<0.05). The results show that increasing seaweed extract caused to significant increasing on fruit qualitative (TSS/TA ratio from 8,29 to 13,35) compare with control treatment and increasing seaweed application caused to significantly decreases on TA in the fruit (p<0.05). According to the macro and micro elements analyses results, the effect of the manganese content in leaf at flowering stage was also found significant (p<0.05)

Cerebellar infarction risk in a mild COVID-19 case

Thrombotic events in SARS-COV-2 disease patients are frequent, especially in patients with comorbidities such as heart failure, hypertension, cancer, diabetes mellitus, kidney failure, vascular disease, and other pulmonary illnesses. In severe cases, in particular those of hospitalized patients with other comorbidities, the development of thrombotic events in spite of anticoagulation therapy has been observed. The main thrombotic events are pulmonary thromboembolism, cerebral ischemic stroke, and peripheral artery thrombosis. Despite the severity of SARS-COV-2 disease, some patients with the aforementioned comorbidities develop thrombotic events regardless of the severity of their SARS-COV-2 infection. In this setting, the cerebellum makes no exception as an uncommon, but still possible target for thrombotic events