KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA: STAVOVI TURSKIH UČENIKA I STRANIH UČENIKA PREMA NASTAVI TJELESNOG ODGOJA

      This study aims to examine the attitudes that foreign students, obtaining secondary education in Turkey, have to the physical education lessons, compared with Turkish students. The study sample consists of 437 students. 325 of these are male students from 34 different countries and 112 of them are Turkish students. The study used the “Attitude Scale to Physical Education Lesson” as a data collection tool. While data analysis used descriptive statistics, independent t test was used for the comparison of the attitudes of Turkish and foreign students to the physical education lesson. The study revealed that participants in the study have positive attitudes to physical education lessons and, when compared, there is a significant difference between the attitudes of Turkish and foreign students. Cilj ove analize je istražiti stavove koje strani učenici koji pohađaju srednju školu u Turskoj imaju prema nastavi tjelesnog odgoja u odnosu na turske studente. Uzorak u ovome istraživanju sastoji se od 437 učenika. Od tog broja 325 učenika dolazi iz 34 različite zemlje, a 112 učenika je turske narodnosti. U analizi se kao instrument za prikupljanje podataka koristila „Ljestvica stavova prema nastavi tjelesnog odgoja“. Za analizu podataka koristila se deskriptivna statistika, dok je nezavisni t-test korišten za usporedbu stavova prema nastavi tjelesnog odgoja među turskim i stranim učenicima. Analiza je otkrila da sudionici u ovome istraživanju imaju pozitivne stavove prema nastavi tjelesnog odgoja, a kod usporedbe stavova turskih i stranih učenika postoji značajna razlika

Sex-dependent changes in blood-brain barrier permeability and brain Na(+),K(+)ATPase activity in rats following acute water intoxication

To understand the increased susceptibility of the development of serious complications to hypoosmotic hyponatremia in young females, we examined the resistance of blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability to water along with the synaptosomal Na(+),K(+) ATPase activity in both sexes of rats during acute water intoxication. Four groups of rats were used: Group I and Il were normal female and male rats injected with only Evans-blue. Group III and IV were water intoxicated female and male rats respectively. BBB permeability in female rats was found to be increased following acute water intoxication. In contrast, synaptosomal Na(+),K(+) ATPase activities in both water intoxicated male and female rats were found significantly lower than those in control rats. But inhibition in enzyme activity in synaptosomes from water intoxicated female rats was more pronounced than those of corresponding male rats. Our results concluded that female sex steroids may be responsible for the highly significant decrease in synaptosomal Na(+),K(+) ATPase activity and increased BBB permeability in female rats following water intoxication. J. Neurosci. Res. 62.750-753, 2000. (C) 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc

Sudden Deaths that Occures During the Sportive Acrivities at Schools

Bu çalışma; Türkiye’de okullarda sportif aktivitelerde ortaya çıkan ani ölümlerin retrospektif olarak incelenmesini amaçlayan ilk çalışmadır. Bu çalışma ile öğrencilerde sportif aktivitelerde ortaya çıkan ani ölümlerin yaşa, cinsiyete, branşa, zamana ve ölüm nedenine göre belirlenmesi ile bu tür ölümlerin önlenmesine ilişkin tedbirlerin tartışılması amaçlandı. Bu amaçla 1991-2005 yılları arasında ortaya çıkan 15 ani ölüm vakası tespit edildi. Bu vakalardan 10’u (% 66.7) ilköğretim, 5’i (% 33.3) ise lise öğrencisi olup 13’ü erkek 2’si kız öğrencidir. Erkeklerin kızlara oranı 1/7.5, ani ölen öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 15.0’dır. Okullarda sportif aktivitelerde ortaya çıkan ani ölümlerin 6’sı beden eğitimi dersinde, 4’ü teneffüste top oynarken, 2’si Ders dışı eğitim faaliyetinde (egzersizde), 1’i Okullar ve sınışar arası yarışmada, 1’i ise 19 Mayıs provalarında ortaya çıktığı bulundu. Bu vakalardan 9’u futbol oynarken, 4’ü basketbol oynarken, 1’i halkoyunları yarışmasında ve 1’i de bayram provalarında ortaya çıkmı ştır. Okullarda sportif aktivitelerde ortaya çıkan ani ölümlerin 2004 ve 2005 yıllarında artış gösterdiği belirlendi. Gerçekleşen ani ölümlerin 12’si (% 80) kardiyovasküler 3’ü (% 20) ise travmatik nedenlidir. Ani ölümlerin % 33.3 otopsi yapılırken % 66.7’sine otopsi yapılmamıştır. Öğrencilerdeki ani ölümlerin nedenlerini; % 80‘i Kalp Krizi, % 13.3‘ü Beyin Kanaması ve % 6.7‘si Kalp Yetmezliğ i oluşturmaktadır. Okullarda sportif aktivitelerde ortaya çıkan ani ölümlerin önlenmesinde öğrenci sağlık muayenelerinin yapılması, spor sakatlıkları ve ilk yardım konusunda uygulamalı eğitim verilmesi ve otopsi yapılması oldukça önemlidir.This is the first study which aims to investigate to sudden deaths in sportive activities at schools in Turkey retrospectively. The aim here is to dedicate the sudden deaths according to age, sex, branch, time and cause and take caution for these. Fifteen sudden deaths cases between 1991-2005 are examined with this target. These cases are 10 % (% 66.7) primary school students, 5 % (% 32.3) high school students. Moreover 13 boys and 2 girls. The rate of the boys to the girls are 1/7.5 and age rate of sudden deaths are 15.0. The sudden deaths in schools took place 6 % in Physical Educations, 4 % at the break while they were playing with ball, 2 % in the exercises out of lessons, % 1 in competitions between schools or classes and 1 % in the rehearsals in 19 th May exercises. 9 of the cases happened while they were playing football, 4 while playing basketball, 1 in a competition of folklore, and 1 in the rehearsal of exercises. It’s declared that sudden deaths in sportive activities increased in 2004 and 2005. The cause in 12 case (80 %) is cardiovascular, 3 (20 %) is traumatic. Autopsy is hold in 33.3 % of the cases and autopsy is not hold in 66.7 % of the deaths. The causes in 80 % hearth attack, 13.3 % brain blood and 6.7 % inefficiency of heart. In order to prevent sudden deaths in sportive activities, students’ heart should be examined and information about diagnosis, sport emergency and first aid autopsy should be given to the students

A comparative study: The attitudes of Turkish and foreign male students to the physical education lesson [Komparativna analiza: Stavovi turskih ucenika i stranih ucenika prema nastavi tjelesnog odgoja]

This study aims to examine the attitudes that foreign students, obtaining secondary education in Turkey, have to the physical education lessons, compared with Turkish students. The study sample consists of 437 students. 325 of these are male students from 34 different countries and 112 of them are Turkish students. The study used the "Attitude Scale to Physical Education Lesson" as a data collection tool. While data analysis used descriptive statistics, independent t test was used for the comparison of the attitudes of Turkish and foreign students to the physical education lesson. The study revealed that participants in the study have positive attitudes to physical education lessons and, when compared, there is a significant difference between the attitudes of Turkish and foreign students