Analysis and Measurement Technique for 1- dB Compression Point of Single Balanced RF Mixer

The present paper discusses the basic working and operation of RF Mixers being used broadly for communication purposes. In the present paper we have discussed various important parameters of Mixer and elaborately described the instrument setup and measurement techniques for measuring the most vital parameter for analyzing performance of mixer i.e., 1-dB Compression Point (P1dB). 1- dB compression point is very significant parameter as it indicates the power level that causes the gain to drop by 1 dB from its small signal value. In this paper we have described test set up for measuring this important parameter with various measuring instruments and has obtained good agreement between the predictions and experimental data. Index Terms- Single diode mixers, 1 dB Compression Point (P1dB), Down Converter, VM-3 Receiver, Power meter, Attenuato

Analysis and Design of Miniaturized Substrate Integrated Waveguide CSRR Bandpass Filters for Wireless Communication

Microwave planar bandpass filters are indispensable in wireless communication systems in most applications. With miniaturization and limited spectrum, there is a great need for a compact, selective bandpass filter with a wide stopband performance. Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) has become a potential technology for designing and developing microwave and millimeter-wave components, circuits, and systems. This chapter presents novel, compact metamaterial-based bandpass filters with improved stopbands. Several filters’ design methodology and performance are evaluated using broadside-coupled complementary split-ring resonators (BC-CSRR) and edge-coupled complementary split-ring resonators (EC-CSRR) techniques. A comprehensive method to evaluate negative permittivity and permeability for designing the proposed metamaterial structure is also described. These filters have not only compact size but also a wider upper stopband resulting from bandstop resonator characteristics

Design of Hybrid Fractal Integrated Half Mode SIW Band Pass Filter with CSRR and Minkowski Defected Ground Structure for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications

A compact and wide-stop band half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) filter, incorporated with a hybrid fractal on the upper plane and a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), along with a defected ground structure (DGS) etched on the bottom plane, is proposed for 5G sub-6 GHz application. A CSRR reduces the resonant frequency causing size miniaturisation by approximately 40% by augmenting the equivalent inductance and capacitance of the CSRR. Further, the low-pass characteristics of the DGS aid in suppressing out-of-band spurious harmonics. A two-pole band pass filter (BPF) is fabricated using FR4 (flame retardant) to validate the design. The results confirm that the proposed filter has a pass band from 3.75 GHz–5.12 GHz with spurious response below −20 dB > 4f0

Design of Hybrid Fractal Integrated Half Mode SIW Band Pass Filter with CSRR and Minkowski Defected Ground Structure for Sub-6 GHz 5G Applications

A compact and wide-stop band half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) filter, incorporated with a hybrid fractal on the upper plane and a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), along with a defected ground structure (DGS) etched on the bottom plane, is proposed for 5G sub-6 GHz application. A CSRR reduces the resonant frequency causing size miniaturisation by approximately 40% by augmenting the equivalent inductance and capacitance of the CSRR. Further, the low-pass characteristics of the DGS aid in suppressing out-of-band spurious harmonics. A two-pole band pass filter (BPF) is fabricated using FR4 (flame retardant) to validate the design. The results confirm that the proposed filter has a pass band from 3.75 GHz–5.12 GHz with spurious response below −20 dB > 4f0