Athletic Subculture within Student-Athlete Academic Centers

Citation: Rubin, L. R., & Moses, R. A. (2017). Athletic Subculture within Student-Athlete Academic Centers. Sociology of Sport Journal. (Forthcoming). http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2016-0138Over 400,000 student-athletes participate in NCAA intercollegiate athletics programs. Due to their dual roles as student and athlete, they have a different college experience than the general student population. Specialized academic centers and resources for student-athletes are part of the reason they are separated and often isolated from the rest of campus. Teams have their own unique academic subculture that influences each student-athlete in his or her academic pursuits. The purpose of this study is to explore the athletic academic subculture among student-athletes at the Division I level and the role the athletic academic center and special resources play in cultivating a separate culture from the campus culture. Symbolic interactionism was the framework used as the lens to view the results of this study in the context of neoliberalism

Paint Sludge Reuse

http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106047/1/ME589F13_881-7_Paint Sludge Reuse_Public Summary.pd

Interpreting the results of cross-cultural cognitive interviews: a mixed-method approach

Kognitive Interviews werden - in der Regel im Pretest - eingesetzt um zu untersuchen, wie die Befragten Fragen verarbeiten und verstehen. Die Verfasser legen Ergebnisse einer Untersuchung vor, bei der Fragen aus der interkulturell vergleichenden Forschung untersucht wurden. Sie verwenden ein Codierungs-System, das das Verständnis von Schlüsselbegriffen durch die Befragten, die Fähigkeiten der Befragten, sich zur Beantwortung der Fragen notwendige Informationen zu beschaffen, Entscheidungsprozesse bei der Bewertung oder Bearbeitung solcher Informationen und die Vorstellungen berücksichtigt, die ein Befragter mit einer bestimmten Antwort verbindet. Diese Codes wurden auf die unstrukturierten schriftlichen Notizen der Interviewer angewendet. Die Verfasser ergänzen die Codierung und Tabellierung der Ergebnisse durch die schriftlichen Kommentare der Interviewer. Sie fragen zudem nach Merkmalen der Befragten, die einen Einfluss auf die Fragenbeantwortung haben könnten (Geschlecht, Ethnizität, Alter, Sprache). Der Beitrag schließt mit einer Bewertung der Stärken, Schwächen und methodologischen Brauchbarkeit dieses Forschungsansatzes. (ICE

Aberrant Proliferation in CXCR7+ Endothelial Cells via Degradation of the Retinoblastoma Protein

Angiogenesis is a critical factor in the growth and dissemination of solid tumors. Indeed, tumor vasculature is abnormal and contributes to the development and spread of malignancies by creating a hostile microenvironment. The alternative SDF-1/CXCL12 receptor, CXCR7, is frequently and specifically expressed in tumor-associated vessels. In this study, we examine the role of endothelium-expressed CXCR7 in tumor vascular dysfunction by specifically examining the contribution of CXCR7 to endothelial cell (EC) proliferation. We demonstrate that CXCR7 expression is sufficient to drive post-confluent growth in EC cultures. Further, we provide a novel mechanism for CXCR7-mediated proliferation via proteasomal degradation of the tumor suppressor protein Rb. These findings identify a heretofore unappreciated role for CXCR7 in vascular dysfunction and confirm this receptor as a plausible target for anti-tumor therapy

KSHV infection of endothelial cells manipulates CXCR7-mediated signaling: implications for Kaposi’s Sarcoma progression and intervention

CXCR7 was recently characterized as an alternative receptor for the chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1, previously thought to bind and signal exclusively through CXCR4.We recently identified CXCR7 as a key cellular factor in the endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction associated with KSHV infection. CXCL12 signaling is critically associated with tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis in several diverse tumors and is one of the most studied chemokine/chemokine receptor interactions in cancer systems. The tumorigenic activity of the CXCL12 signaling axis offers an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in multiple cancers including Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS). However, most of the research to date was based on the assumption that CXCR4 was the sole CXCL12 receptor, and thus focused on the development of CXCR4-targeted treatments

Pengukuran dan Perbaikan Kinerja Logistik Menggunakan Metode Oregon Productivity Matrix di CV. XYZ, Jombang

The rapidly movement of business requires companies to be develop. Due to monitor the level of company growth, it is necessary to measure the performance of CV. XYZ. During this time, supervision of the company performance was only in terms of sales while as commonly many aspects contained in organization performance, such as logistic. This research measures the Logistic Performance s perspective which is the main process of organization core business. The performance measurement system use integration methods of the Oregon Productivity Matrix and Logistic Performance. According the Jive metrics of Logistic Performance: cost management, customer service, logistics quality, productivity, and asset management, the framework measurement refers in flexibility and goal of Oregon Productivity Matrix. Mostly of data used are historical data and also primary data with observation in logistic process. Outcomes from this research find out that along this time, the organization performancewas unstable and lack of goal achievement. Therefore, some aspects have to improve to increase the performance

What could a strengthened right to health bring to the post-2015 health development agenda?: interrogating the role of the minimum core concept in advancing essential global health needs.

BACKGROUND: Global health institutions increasingly recognize that the right to health should guide the formulation of replacement goals for the Millennium Development Goals, which expire in 2015. However, the right to health's contribution is undercut by the principle of progressive realization, which links provision of health services to available resources, permitting states to deny even basic levels of health coverage domestically and allowing international assistance for health to remain entirely discretionary. DISCUSSION: To prevent progressive realization from undermining both domestic and international responsibilities towards health, international human rights law institutions developed the idea of non-derogable "minimum core" obligations to provide essential health services. While minimum core obligations have enjoyed some uptake in human rights practice and scholarship, their definition in international law fails to specify which health services should fall within their scope, or to specify wealthy country obligations to assist poorer countries. These definitional gaps undercut the capacity of minimum core obligations to protect essential health needs against inaction, austerity and illegitimate trade-offs in both domestic and global action. If the right to health is to effectively advance essential global health needs in these contexts, weaknesses within the minimum core concept must be resolved through innovative research on social, political and legal conceptualizations of essential health needs. SUMMARY: We believe that if the minimum core concept is strengthened in these ways, it will produce a more feasible and grounded conception of legally prioritized health needs that could assist in advancing health equity, including by providing a framework rooted in legal obligations to guide the formulation of new health development goals, providing a baseline of essential health services to be protected as a matter of right against governmental claims of scarcity and inadequate international assistance, and empowering civil society to claim fulfillment of their essential health needs from domestic and global decision-makers

The impact of storage conditions on human stool 16S rRNA microbiome composition and diversity

Background: Multiple factors can influence stool sample integrity upon sample collection. Preservation of faecal samples for microbiome studies is therefore an important step, particularly in tropical regions where resources are limited and high temperatures may significantly influence microbiota profiles. Freezing is the accepted standard to preserve faecal samples however, cold chain methods are often unfeasible in fieldwork scenarios particularly in low and middle-income countries and alternatives are required. This study therefore aimed to address the impact of different preservative methods, time-to-freezing at ambient tropical temperatures, and stool heterogeneity on stool microbiome diversity and composition under real-life physical environments found in resource-limited fieldwork conditions. Methods: Inner and outer stool samples collected from one specimen obtained from three children were stored using different storage preservation methods (raw, ethanol and RNAlater) in a Ugandan field setting. Mixed stool was also stored using these techniques and frozen at different time-to-freezing intervals post-collection from 0–32 h. Metataxonomic profiling was used to profile samples, targeting the V1–V2 regions of 16S rRNA with samples run on a MiSeq platform. Reads were trimmed, combined and aligned to the Greengenes database. Microbial diversity and composition data were generated and analysed using Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology and R software. Results: Child donor was the greatest predictor of microbiome variation between the stool samples, with all samples remaining identifiable to their child of origin despite the stool being stored under a variety of conditions. However, significant differences were observed in composition and diversity between preservation techniques, but intra-preservation technique variation was minimal for all preservation methods, and across the time-to-freezing range (0–32 h) used. Stool heterogeneity yielded no apparent microbiome differences. Conclusions: Stool collected in a fieldwork setting for comparative microbiome analyses should ideally be stored as consistently as possible using the same preservation method throughout