A Comparison of Bacteriological Culture, Serology, and Quantitative PCR for Detecting Brucellosis in Ewes with a History of Abortion

The zoonotic disease brucellosis is a serious public health and livestock industry concern. In the present study, we used bacteriological culture, RBT, and qPCR to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in the serum and milk samples of sheep with a history of abortion. Serum and milk samples were obtained from 100 sheep aged 3-5 years. In order to determine the prevalence of brucellosis, a modified RBT was performed on serum samples, Brucella was isolated from milk by bacteriological culture, and qPCR was applied to detect bacterial DNA in milk. The prevalence of brucellosis using modified RBT, bacteriological culture, and qPCR was 32%, 42%, and 44%, respectively. By considering qPCR as the standard, modified RBT showed a sensitivity of 95%, a specificity of 100%, an accuracy of 98%, a PV+ of 100%, and a PV- of 97%. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PV+, and PV- for bacteriological culture were 77%, 100%, 90%, 100%, and 85%, respectively. The agreement between qPCR and modified RBT was 0.959 (95% CI: 0.896-1), between qPCR and bacteriological culture was 0.792 (95% CI: 0.667-0.897), and between modified RBT and bacteriological culture was 0.831 (95% CI: 0.709-0.38). Based on the results, bacterial isolation from sheep milk is not recommended except in specific cases due to its low sensitivity, as well as its time-consuming and hazardous nature. However, the modified RBT can be used as a routine method because of its cost-effectiveness, higher sensitivity, and higher accuracy compared to bacterial isolation. Moreover, qPCR is recommended as the gold standard test for detecting brucellosis in sheep milk, especially in those with a history of abortion

Prevalence and Clinical Features of Biopsied Jaw Lesions in an Iranian Population Patient in During a Period of 7 Years

Jawbones can be affectedby many lesions due to conditions such as genetic, metabolic, inflammatory, cystic, and tumoral. For proper diagnosis and treatment, dentists should be aware of the most prevalent types of lesions, demographic and clinical features, and their distributionpatterns within the population. The present study aimed to evaluate the distribution pattern of jaw bone lesions during 7 years in Esfahan.Materials & Methods:This retrospective analytic descriptive study was performed on 370 reports available at the department of oral pathology at Isfahan Azad university. Demographic data, clinical features, and histopathology diagnosis were gathered and analyzed statistically using ANOVA and Chi-Square (α = 0.05).Results:Intraosseous lesions consisted 28.6% of alllesions, 41.5% in females and 58.4% in males (p value 0.05). Lesions were mostly in the right lower jaw (p value < 0.05). The swelling was the only clinical feature reported in only 15%. Of 106 intraosseous lesions, 73 cases were odontogenic cysts,19 inflammatory,9 odontogenic tumors,2 benign non-odontogenic tumors, and 3 non-odontogenic cysts. The periapical and dentigerous cyst was the most prevalent lesions reported.Conclusion:Results of the present study showed jaw bone lesions mostly occurred in the right lower jaw in male patients. The difference in the distribution of the lesions in comparison to similar studies in this context can be attributed to the difference in geographical region necessitating further studie