1,558 research outputs found
Integrable Quantum Field Theories with Unstable Particles
A new family of S-matrix theories with resonance poles is constructed and
conjectured to correspond to the Homogeneous sine-Gordon theories associated
with simply laced compact Lie groups, where some of the resonance poles can be
traced to the presence of unstable particles in the spectrum. These theories
are unitary in the usual S S^\dagger =1 sense, they are not parity invariant,
and they exhibit continuous coupling constants that determine both the mass
spectrum of stable particles and the masses and the position of the resonance
poles.Comment: One reference added, 12 pages, LaTeX fil
Social Evolution: New Horizons
Cooperation is a widespread natural phenomenon yet current evolutionary
thinking is dominated by the paradigm of selfish competition. Recent advanced
in many fronts of Biology and Non-linear Physics are helping to bring
cooperation to its proper place. In this contribution, the most important
controversies and open research avenues in the field of social evolution are
reviewed. It is argued that a novel theory of social evolution must integrate
the concepts of the science of Complex Systems with those of the Darwinian
tradition. Current gene-centric approaches should be reviewed and com-
plemented with evidence from multilevel phenomena (group selection), the
constrains given by the non-linear nature of biological dynamical systems and
the emergent nature of dissipative phenomena.Comment: 16 pages 5 figures, chapter in forthcoming open access book
"Frontiers in Ecology, Evolution and Complexity" CopIt-arXives 2014, Mexic
Tau-Functions and Generalized Integrable Hierarchies
The tau-function formalism for a class of generalized ``zero-curvature''
integrable hierarchies of partial differential equations, is constructed. The
class includes the Drinfel'd-Sokolov hierarchies. A direct relation between the
variables of the zero-curvature formalism and the tau-functions is established.
The formalism also clarifies the connection between the zero-curvature
hierarchies and the Hirota-type hierarchies of Kac and Wakimoto.Comment: 23 page
A Systematic Study of Power Corrections from World Deep Inelastic Scattering Measurements
By performing an analysis in moment space using high statistics DIS world
data, we extract the values of both the QCD parameter
up to NLO and of the power corrections to the proton
structure function, . At variance with previous analyses, the use of
moments allows us to extend the kinematical range to larger values of ,
where we find that power corrections are quantitatively more important. Our
results are consistent with the dependence predicted by IR renormalon
calculations. We discuss preliminary results on nuclear targets with the intent
of illustrating a possible strategy to disentangle power corrections ascribed
to IR renormalons from the ones generated dynamically e.g. from rescattering in
the final state. The latter appear to be modified in nuclear targets.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, LateX with espcrc2 and epsfi
Universality and Non-Perturbative Definitions of 2D Quantum Gravity from Matrix Models
The universality of the non-perturbative definition of Hermitian one-matrix
models following the quantum, stochastic, or -like stabilization is
discussed in comparison with other procedures. We also present another
alternative definition, which illustrates the need of new physical input for
matrix models to make contact with 2D quantum gravity at the
non-perturbative level.Comment: 20 page
Non-local conservation laws and flow equations for supersymmetric integrable hierarchies
An infinite series of Grassmann-odd and Grassmann-even flow equations is
defined for a class of supersymmetric integrable hierarchies associated with
loop superalgebras. All these flows commute with the mutually commuting bosonic
ones originally considered to define these hierarchies and, hence, provide
extra fermionic and bosonic symmetries that include the built-in N=1
supersymmetry transformation. The corresponding non-local conserved quantities
are also constructed. As an example, the particular case of the principal
supersymmetric hierarchies associated with the affine superalgebras with a
fermionic simple root system is discussed in detail.Comment: 36 pages, LaTeX fil
Pohlmeyer reduction revisited
A systematic group theoretical formulation of the Pohlmeyer reduction is
presented. It provides a map between the equations of motion of sigma models
with target-space a symmetric space M=F/G and a class of integrable
multi-component generalizations of the sine-Gordon equation. When M is of
definite signature their solutions describe classical bosonic string
configurations on the curved space-time R_t\times M. In contrast, if M is of
indefinite signature the solutions to those equations can describe bosonic
string configurations on R_t\times M, M\times S^1_\vartheta or simply M. The
conditions required to enable the Lagrangian formulation of the resulting
equations in terms of gauged WZW actions with a potential term are clarified,
and it is shown that the corresponding Lagrangian action is not unique in
general. The Pohlmeyer reductions of sigma models on CP^n and AdS_n are
discussed as particular examples of symmetric spaces of definite and indefinite
signature, respectively.Comment: 45 pages, LaTeX, more references added, accepted for publication in
JHE
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