Additional file 1 of Pangenome analysis of Shewanella xiamenensis revealed important genetic traits concerning genetic diversity, pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance

Supplementary Material 1

Additional file 1 of Molecular characterization of extensively drug-resistant hypervirulent Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in China

Supplementary Material 1: Figure S1. Heatmap of XDR-hvPA carrying resistance genes; Figure S2. Heatmap of XDR-hvPA carrying virulence gene

HS worsens and CCL20 antibody improves renal damage in IgAN mice.

<p>Representative images of HE-stained (A, 400×), PAS-stained (B, 400×), Immunofluorescence (C, 200×) and transmission electron micrographs (D) kidney sections from mice as indicated. For immunofluorescence staining, IgA antibody was used. The arrows in D point to high electron dense deposition in glomerular mesangial region.</p

HS increases and CCL20 antibody decreases abnormal glomeruli in IgAN mice.

<p>PAS-stained kidney sections were evaluated for the presence of abnormal glomeruli. ^#<i>vs</i> control group, <i>P</i><0.05; * <i>vs</i> IgAN group, <i>P</i><0.05; ^&<i>vs</i> HS-IgAN group, <i>P</i><0.05.</p

HS worsen and CCL20 antibody improves lung damage in IgAN mice.

<p>Representative images of HE stained lungs from mice as indicated (200×).</p

HS increases and CCL20 antibody decreases ACR in IgAN mice.

<p>^#<i>vs</i> control group, <i>P</i><0.05; ^*<i>vs</i> IgAN group, <i>P</i><0.05; ^&<i>vs</i> HS-IgAN group, <i>P</i><0.05.</p

HS increases and CCL20 antibody decreases Th17-related cytokines in IgAN mice.

<p>(A): Renal CCL20 concentrations of each groups; (B): Renal IL-17A concentrations of each groups; (C): Renal IL-21 concentrations of each groups; (D): Renal IL-6 concentrations of each groups. ^#<i>vs</i> control group, <i>P</i><0.05; ^*<i>vs</i> IgAN group, ^&<i>vs</i> HS-IgAN group <i>P</i><0.05.</p

HS increases and CCL20 antibody decreases Th17/Treg in IgAN mice.

<p>Isolated leukocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. For production of IL-17 and Foxp3, numbers are counts in percentage of CD4⁺T cells. Collective analysis of the results from each group (C, D, E). ^#<i>vs</i> control group, <i>P</i><0.05; ^*<i>vs</i> IgAN group, <i>P</i><0.05; ^&<i>vs</i> HS-IgAN group, <i>P</i><0.05.</p

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Detecting Galactomannan in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid for Diagnosing Invasive <em>Aspergillosis</em>

<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) galactomannan (GM) assay has been used for diagnosing invasive <em>aspergillosis</em> (IA). We aimed to derive a definitive estimate of the overall accuracy of BAL-GM for diagnosing IA.</p> <h3>Methods and Results</h3><p>We undertook a systematic review of thirty diagnostic studies that evaluated the BAL-GM assay for diagnosing IA. PubMed and CBM (China Biological Medicine Database) databasees were searched for relevant studies published in all languages up until Feb 2012. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) were constructed for each cutoff value. Additionally, pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), and positive and negative likelihood ratios (PLR and NLR, respectively) were calculated for summarizing overall test performance. Thirty studies were included in this meta-analysis. The summary estimates of pooled DOR, SEN, SPE, PLR, and NLR of the BAL-GM assay (cutoff value 0.5) for proven or probable IA were 52.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) 31.8–87.3), 0.87 (95% CI 0.79–0.92), 0.89 (95% CI 0.85–0.92), 8.0 (95% CI 5.7–11.1) and 0.15 (95% CI 0.10–0.23) respectively. The SROC was 0.94 (95% CI 0.92–0.96). Compared with cutoff value of 0.5, it has higher DOR, SPE and PLR, and similar SEN and NLR with cutoff value of 1.0, which indicated the optimal cutoff value might be 1.0. Compared with BAL-GM, serum GM has a lower SEN and higher SPE, while PCR displays a lower SEN and a similar SPE.</p> <h3>Conclusion</h3><p>With the optimal cutoff value of 1.0, the BAL-GM assay has higher SEN compared to PCR and serum GM test. It is a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of proven and probable IA.</p> </div

SROC curve for individual studies on the accuracy of diagnosis of IA using BAL-GM.

<p>(The correspondence between numbers and the studies can be found in supplement).</p