Physical-chemical and sensory characterization of two important grape cultivars in Brazil / Caracterização físico-química e sensorial de duas importantes cultivares de uva no Brasil

The grapevine (Vitis spp.) is the one main fruit grown in the world. One of the primary requirements of production destined to be consumpted in natura is the acceptance of product in the consumer market. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics and the sensorial acceptance of grapes ‘Niágara Rosada’ and ‘Niágara Branca’. The experimental design was in a one-factor scheme, with two levels. The evaluated variables were bunch length, berry diameter, soluble solids content, pH and titratable acidity. For the sensorial evaluation, the attributes color, aroma, sweetness, acidity, flavor and overall acceptance were evaluated using a hedonic scale of nine points, besides the intention to buy. The ‘Niágara Branca’ presented higher mean for cluster length and ‘Niágara Rosada’ for berry diameter. For soluble solids and titratable acidity, ‘Niágara Rosada’ presented higher mean. In the sensory analysis, the ‘Niágara Rosada’ obtained the highest note for color and the ‘Niágara Branca’ for sweetness; however, the two cultivars had good overall acceptance, with grades between 8.3 and 8.4. It is concluded that the ‘Niágara Rosada’ and the ‘Niágara Branca’ presented good acceptance by the evaluators. 

Aspects related to the plasticity of a psychosocial care center in southern Brazil

Identificar os aspectos relacionados à plasticidade de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) da região sul do Brasil. Trata-se de um recorte da pesquisa de avaliação dos CAPS da região sul do Brasil - CAPSUL . Sendo um estudo de abordagem qualitativa, utilizando o referencial de quarta geração, construtivista, responsiva e com abordagem hermenêutico-dialética. Neste recorte foi avaliado o CAPS de Alegrete/RS, a partir de entrevistas com 11 usuários, 14 familiares e 26 trabalhadores. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, conforme ofício nº. 014/07. Nota-se que a equipe é comprometida com as transformações sociais da vida dos usuários do serviço estudado, demonstrando a plasticidade deste CAPS. Entretanto existem alguns dificultadores neste processo de reabilitação como por exemplo a falta de medicação. Outro facilitador seria o fato dos usuários usarem talheres de alumínio e prato de porcelana, assim estimulando a auto-estima. O CAPS de Alegrete, apesar das dificuldades presentes no serviço, mostra-se capaz no que diz respeito ao cuidado dos indivíduos portadores de sofrimento psíquico, comprometendo-se com questões biopsicossociais e buscando maneiras de cuidar em liberdade

Endophytic Bacteria Can Replace the Need for Synthetic Auxin during In Vitro Rooting of Pyrus communis

This study aimed to investigate the presence of beneficial microorganisms in the micropropagation of Pyrus communis rootstocks through the isolation, identification, and selection of auxin-producing bacteria. The selected microorganisms were also inoculated in vitro to evaluate their effect on the plant rooting process and their behavior during the acclimatization phase. The results showed the presence of endophytic microorganisms in plant tissue cultures of the ‘OH×F87′ and ‘PDW’ selections. A low diversity was observed in the population of microorganisms isolated from the in vitro culture of the ‘OH×F87’and ‘PDW’ selections, with a predominance of the genera Acinetobacter, Bacillus, and Buttiauxella. The selection of promoting microorganisms was performed based on the auxin production test, in which 30.36% of the microorganisms tested positive. In the in vitro inoculation, it was possible to observe the promotion of growth and emission of roots in the pear rootstocks, from the inoculation with bacteria identified as capable of producing auxin. This process can be used to replace the inclusion of synthetic auxin in the productive chain of woody fruit trees propagated by vegetative means, such as pears. None of the bacterial isolates was notably more promising, but the general similarity of treatments containing the A. septicus and A. ursingii strains, with the synthetic auxin treatment, suggests the possibility of its use on a large scale allowing the adoption of the cheaper method. of rooting. This work opens the door for further research using new, more promising microbial isolates, and also for lower-cost microorganism cultivation techniques, such as low-cost media obtained from agro-industrial residues

Ornamental plant market in Dona Euzébia – MG: production, commercialization and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic

With the occurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, different areas were affected, with positive or negative effects, as a function of the conditions imposed above all by gardening activities. This brought effects on the production of ornamental plants. In this context, the objective of this study was to analyse the situation of production, commercialization and the impact of the COVID-19 pan- demic on the ornamental plants market in the city of Dona Euzébia-MG. A questionnaire with objective and discursive questions was applied to the city producers (30). The production of seedlings in Dona Euzébia is economically and socially important. Most producers have properties with 5 hectares, are in activity for a range of 5 to 19 years and have between 2 to 5 employees. With the onset of the pandemic, the market for seedlings and ornamental plants in Dona Euzébia was positively modified, with an increase in plant sales, which led to changes in production and in the sales process. During the period, producers took all measures to prevent the spread of the virus. The interviews showed that ornamental plants were among the main species cultivated and among the most sought during the pandemic period analyzed in this study. Furthermore, despite the restrictions and the uncertain scenario, there is optimism among producers, especially in terms of post-pandemic sale

Protocol for in vitro rooting ofPyruscomunnisrootstocks

ABSTRACT: Effective protocols for in vitro rooting for woody fruit trees are still a challenge for in vitro seedling production, especially when there is a need to insert new cultivars or rootstocks. These protocols are essential to accelerate studies in plant breeding programs and for seedling distribution. This study evaluated the use of 6-Benzylaminopurine (IBA) in in vitro rooting of Pyruscomunnis rootstocks, clones ‘OHxF87’ and Pyrodwarf. Explant exposure times (0, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours) to 20 mg L-1 IBA were tested for in vitro rooting. The exposure to IBA resulted in rooting rates above 80%, surpassing some results reported in the literature. The 24-hour treatment provided 81,81% survival, leading to an average growth of five roots with 19 mm length, for ‘OHxF87’ rootstock. The same exposure time resulted in the highest survival rate (75%) and the highest mean root number, seven roots per plant with 10 mm length, for ‘PDW’ rootstock. Root formation did not occur in the absence of synthetic auxin. Therefore, it can be concluded that a 24-hour exposure at 20 mg L-1 IBA was sufficient to promote in vitro rooting in ‘OHxF87’ and Pyrodwarf rootstocks’

Reguladores de crescimento e substratos para a micropropagação de Oncidium baueri Lindl.

An adequate concentration of growth regulators as well as the replacement of agar by an alternative medium may be promising from practical and financial points of view to produce orchid plants by micropropagation. The objective of this work was to evaluate different concentrations of growth regulator and alternative substrates for agar replacement in culture medium for in vitro multiplication and rooting of Oncidium baueri. In the explant multiplication phase, two experimental factors were evaluated- various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.0, 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0 mg L-1) and substrates (agar, vermiculite, and coconut fiber) added to MS medium. In the rooting phase, different concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA) (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L-1) were added to culture medium containing the same substrate. Six months after the experiments were initiated, the survival percentage, number of leaves, shoots, and roots and length of the aerial part and the major root were evaluated. The results suggested that addition of 1.0 mg L-1 BAP is necessary for the O. baueri in vitro multiplication phase, but IBA is not necessary in the rooting phase. For the substrate, vermiculite is not indicated as an agar replacement. In contrast, coconut fiber can be used in both multiplication and rooting phases of Oncidium baueri in vitro culture.Na micropropagação de orquídeas, a concentração adequada de reguladores de crescimento, bem como a substituição do ágar por substratos alternativos no meio de cultura podem ser promissoras do ponto de vista da praticidade e da economia financeira para a obtenção de mudas. Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar diferentes concentrações de reguladores de crescimento e substratos alternativos em substituição ao ágar no meio de cultura para a multiplicação e o enraizamento in vitro de Oncidium baueri. Na fase de multiplicação dos explantes, foram avaliados dois fatores: concentração de benzilaminopurina (BAP) (0,0; 1,0; 2,0 e 3,0 mg L-1) e substrato (ágar, vermiculita e fibra de coco) no meio de cultura MS e, no período de enraizamento, foram testadas concentrações de ácido indolbutírico (AIB) (0,0; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5 mg L-1) nos mesmos substratos e meio de cultura. Após seis meses da instalação dos experimentos, foram avaliadas as variáveis: porcentagem de sobrevivência; número médio de folhas, brotações e raízes; comprimento da parte aérea e da maior raiz. Para a fase de multiplicação in vitro é necessário a utilização de BAP na concentração de 1,0 mg L-1; porém, para a fase de enraizamento a utilização do regulador de crescimento AIB é dispensável. Quanto aos substratos, a vermiculita não é indicada para substituir o ágar; entretanto, a fibra de coco pode ser usada, tanto na fase de multiplicação, quanto no enraizamento in vitro de Oncidium baueri

Endophytic Bacteria Can Replace the Need for Synthetic Auxin during In Vitro Rooting of <i>Pyrus communis</i>

This study aimed to investigate the presence of beneficial microorganisms in the micropropagation of Pyrus communis rootstocks through the isolation, identification, and selection of auxin-producing bacteria. The selected microorganisms were also inoculated in vitro to evaluate their effect on the plant rooting process and their behavior during the acclimatization phase. The results showed the presence of endophytic microorganisms in plant tissue cultures of the ‘OH×F87′ and ‘PDW’ selections. A low diversity was observed in the population of microorganisms isolated from the in vitro culture of the ‘OH×F87’and ‘PDW’ selections, with a predominance of the genera Acinetobacter, Bacillus, and Buttiauxella. The selection of promoting microorganisms was performed based on the auxin production test, in which 30.36% of the microorganisms tested positive. In the in vitro inoculation, it was possible to observe the promotion of growth and emission of roots in the pear rootstocks, from the inoculation with bacteria identified as capable of producing auxin. This process can be used to replace the inclusion of synthetic auxin in the productive chain of woody fruit trees propagated by vegetative means, such as pears. None of the bacterial isolates was notably more promising, but the general similarity of treatments containing the A. septicus and A. ursingii strains, with the synthetic auxin treatment, suggests the possibility of its use on a large scale allowing the adoption of the cheaper method. of rooting. This work opens the door for further research using new, more promising microbial isolates, and also for lower-cost microorganism cultivation techniques, such as low-cost media obtained from agro-industrial residues