Testiranje na antineuronska protutijela u neuobičajenom slučaju ponovljene Bellove paralize

The term Bell\u27s palsy (BP) is nowadays reserved for peripheral facial nerve paralysis without well-defined etiology and pathogenesis. BP is not a life threatening condition but it has a potential cosmetic mutilatory effect, and there is also a possibility of serious ophthalmologic complications (corneal ulcers). Recurrent paralyses are noted in 7% - 8% of BP cases. Only two patients with four BP episodes out of 170 patients, and only one patient with more than four BP episodes out of 2414 BP cases have been reported in the literature. The highest number of BP recurrences found in the available literature is nine. A brief review of the epidemiology and etiopathogenesis of BP is presented, a case of unusual recurrent BP is reported, and the immune pathomechanisms are discussed.Pojam Bellove paralize (BP) danas označava perifernu paralizu ličnoga živca nejasne etiologije i patogeneze. BP nije stanje koje bi ugrozilo život bolesnika, ali može imati znatne estetske posljedice te izazvati ozbiljne oftalmološke komplikacije (ulceracije rožnice). Ponovljene paralize javljaju se u 7% - 8% slučajeva BP. U literaturi je opisano samo dvoje bolesnika s četiri epizode BP od ukupno 1700 bolesnika, te samo jedan bolesnik s više od četiri epizode BP od ukupno 2414 slučajeva BP. U dostupnoj literaturi, najveći broj ponovljenih BP je devet. U radu se daje kratak pregled epidemiologije i etiopatogeneze BP, uz prikaz neuobičajenog slučaja ponovljene BP, uključujući raspravu o imunološkim patomehanizmima

Approximate and exact nodes of fermionic wavefunctions: coordinate transformations and topologies

A study of fermion nodes for spin-polarized states of a few-electron ions and molecules with $s,p,d$ one-particle orbitals is presented. We find exact nodes for some cases of two electron atomic and molecular states and also the first exact node for the three-electron atomic system in $^4S(p^3)$ state using appropriate coordinate maps and wavefunction symmetries. We analyze the cases of nodes for larger number of electrons in the Hartree-Fock approximation and for some cases we find transformations for projecting the high-dimensional node manifolds into 3D space. The node topologies and other properties are studied using these projections. We also propose a general coordinate transformation as an extension of Feynman-Cohen backflow coordinates to both simplify the nodal description and as a new variational freedom for quantum Monte Carlo trial wavefunctions.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

Различные исходы энцефалита, вызванного Herpes Simplex Virus (клинические и ЭЭГ наблюдения)

We followed clinical and EEG examinations of two patients with herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) in acute condition along with monitoring their early and late outcomes. Patients: M. B., 23-year-old female, who completed home treatment as a severe organic psycho-syndrome, reliant on nursing care, and L. J., now 16-year-old female patient, whose HSE in the 3 rd year of her life went into auto-aggressive Rasmussen encephalitislike condition with epileptic status in the form of Epilepsia parcialis continua (EPC).The EEG signal was statistically processed using «power spectral analysis» with color maps 3D BM showing the performance of individual frequency bands topographically and the measurement of connectivity in longitudinal and transversal direction by means of the mean coherencies — indexes of connectivity.On the 9th year of L. J. life when she overcame varicella with a significant eruption of the skin and high temperature the highly active EEG patterns were attenuated both graphically and clinically with a significant reduction in focal epilepsy. The latter was affected by a total thiopentotal anesthesia and bolus corticotherapy, as well as amantadine sulphate.This patient exhibited central right lower limb mono-paresis in a selfstanding walk and 4–5 short myoclonic abduction cramps in arm joints associated with vocalized «hee-haw», deep inspiring and expiring in full consciousness. MRI proved hyperintense area parasagitally on the left side of the centromotor region and EEG with epileptogenic grapho-elements in adjacent scar. We compared the last sample of the EEG signal to the EEG patterns of her homozygous sister and found them identical with no pathological graphoelements.These patients survival was the result of continuing anti-viral treatment, intensive medical and nursing care aimed to protect neural cells in the brain, the effect of which was longitudinally monitored by classic and statistical EEG signal analysis.The late outcome of these patients was diametrically different. L. J. graduated from the 9-year primary school with good results. M. B. was progressively mobilized, despite the clinical signs of severe alterations of psychic sphere as a result of postencephalitic encephalopathy with insufficient response to neuroleptics and sedatives. After parents’ agreement received she was transferred to the regional hospital.Провели клинические и ЭЭГ-обследования 2 пациентов с острым энцефалитом, вызванным вирусом простого герпеса (ЭВВПГ): М. Б., 23-летняя женщина, получавшая лечение на дому по поводу тяжелого органического психосиндрома, постоянный уход за которой осуществляла медсестра, и Л. Й., 16-летняя пациентка, на 3-м году жизни перенесшая ЭВВПГ, который перешел в аутоагрессивную форму, напоминавшую энцефалит Расмуссена, с эпилептическим статусом в виде длительной парциальной эпилепсии. Проанализировали ранние и поздние исходы.Данные ЭЭГ статистически обработали с использованием «спектрального анализа мощности» и трехмерного цветного картирования, позволяющего выявить топическую локализацию отдельных диапазонов частот ЭЭГ-кривых и измерить межнейронные связи в продольном и поперечном направлениях с помощью определения средней когерентности (показателя межнейронных связей).На 9-м году жизни Л. Й. перенесла ветряную оспу с выраженными высыпаниями на коже и повышением температуры тела. При этом у нее выявили уменьшение высокоактивных изменений на ЭЭГ и клинической симптоматики, в том числе фокальной. Данное уменьшение произошло на фоне применения анестетика тиопентала и болюсного введения кортикостероидов, а также приема амантадина сульфата.При осмотре во время самостоятельной ходьбы у Л. Й. обнаружили центральный монопарез правой нижней конечности, а также — 4–5 коротких миоклонических спазмов в суставах рук при приведении, в сочетании с непроизвольными выкриками, напоминающими крик осла, глубокими вдохами и выдохами. Больная находилась при этом в полном сознании. По данным МРТ выявили область гиперинтенсивного сигнала парасагиттально на левой стороне двигательного центра, по данным ЭЭГ — признаки эпилептогенной активности в области прилежащего рубца. По результатам сравнения последней ЭЭГ пациентки Л. Й. с ЭЭГ ее гомозиготной сестры патологической активности не выявили — записи были схожи.Обе пациентки выжили на фоне длительного противовирусного лечения, интенсивной терапии, направленной на защиту нейронов головного мозга, эффект которой был доказан в динамике по данным классического и статистического анализа ЭЭГ.Поздние исходы у обследованных пациенток были диаметрально противоположными. Пациентка Л. Й. окончила 9-ти летнюю среднюю школу с хорошими результатами. Пациентка М. Б. была постепенно мобилизована, несмотря на клинические признаки постэнцефалитной энцефалопатии с недостаточным ответом на нейролептики и седативные средства. После получения согласия родителей ее перевели в областную больницу

Multi-layered neural networks and visualization of their structure

The model of multi-layered neural networks of the back-propagation type is well-known for their universal approximation capability and even the standard back-propagation training algorithm used for their adjustment often provides results applicable to real-world problems. The present study deals with the issue of the multi-layered neural networks. It describes selected variants of training algorithms, mainly the standard back-propagation training algorithm and the scaled conjugate gradients algorithm, which ranks among the extremely fast second-order algorithms. One of the parts of the present study is also an application for the visualisation of the structure of multi-layered neural networks whose solution is designed with respect to its potential utilization in the education of artificial intelligence. The first part of the study introduces the subject matter and formally describes both algorithms, followed by a short description of other variants of the algorithms and their analysis. The next part discusses the selection of the appropriate programming language for the implementation of the application, specifies the goals and describes the implementation works. The conclusion summarizes the test results of the speed and implementation comparison with the selected noncommercial-based software ENCOG

Multi-layered neural networks and visualization of their structure

The model of multi-layered neural networks of the back-propagation type is well-known for their universal approximation capability and even the standard back-propagation training algorithm used for their adjustment often provides results applicable to real-world problems. The present study deals with the issue of the multi-layered neural networks. It describes selected variants of training algorithms, mainly the standard back-propagation training algorithm and the scaled conjugate gradients algorithm, which ranks among the extremely fast second-order algorithms. One of the parts of the present study is also an application for the visualisation of the structure of multi-layered neural networks whose solution is designed with respect to its potential utilization in the education of artificial intelligence. The first part of the study introduces the subject matter and formally describes both algorithms, followed by a short description of other variants of the algorithms and their analysis. The next part discusses the selection of the appropriate programming language for the implementation of the application, specifies the goals and describes the implementation works. The conclusion summarizes the test results of the speed and implementation comparison with the selected noncommercial-based software ENCOG

Methods for solving selected vehicle routing problems and their implementation.

Various types of transportation issues are a common practice. The issue may be approached mainly as the distribution of products from suppliers to consumers while minimising distribution costs. The difference of real transportation issues predominantly relates to the considered restrictions, such as capacities of vehicles and orders, time windows and other special distribution restrictions. Transportation issues were already defined by F.L. Hitchcock in 1941 and since then, a wide range of stochastic and non- determinist methods providing solutions to transportation issues have been developed. Nevertheless, introducing distribution restrictions in resolving real-life problems makes it difficult for such methods to be applied. This thesis provides a compilation of the well-known determinist methods that may be used to resolve transportation issues. The methods that are appropriate for resolving real issues are discussed in more detail. The solution procedure of the selected method is demonstrated using simple examples and the results are compared with the results of other methods. An analysis of the above methods is used to design and implement new methods to resolve real transportation issues, their results being compared with the methods provided by the commercial software product

Design and implementation of vehicle routing problem software library

Various types of transportation issues are a common practice. The issue may be approached mainly as the distribution of products from suppliers to consumers while minimising distribution costs. The difference of real transportation issues predominantly relates to the considered restrictions, such as capacities of vehicles and orders, time windows and other special distribution restrictions. There are some specialized commercial products for optimizing distribution costs presented on the market. These are often part of larger frameworks, which also provides other services such as vehicle tracking, warehouse location, ride statements etc. These products provide cloud services fully customized according to the customer. This work aims to design and construct an open source software library for solving vehicle routing problem, which will be able to reflect requirements of simplicity, scalability and portability. The constructed library can serve not only as an open source solution for vehicle routing problems, but also as a tool for testing new methods studied on university premises. The work is divided into several parts. In the first part we define the goals of this work, we define the vehicle routing problem and we describe the principles of the solution. In the next section, we propose the structure of the software, we discuss the choice of aids and document a design phase. The last part deals with the implementation phase, validation phase and real use of the software

Methods for solving selected vehicle routing problems and their implementation.

Various types of transportation issues are a common practice. The issue may be approached mainly as the distribution of products from suppliers to consumers while minimising distribution costs. The difference of real transportation issues predominantly relates to the considered restrictions, such as capacities of vehicles and orders, time windows and other special distribution restrictions. Transportation issues were already defined by F.L. Hitchcock in 1941 and since then, a wide range of stochastic and non- determinist methods providing solutions to transportation issues have been developed. Nevertheless, introducing distribution restrictions in resolving real-life problems makes it difficult for such methods to be applied. This thesis provides a compilation of the well-known determinist methods that may be used to resolve transportation issues. The methods that are appropriate for resolving real issues are discussed in more detail. The solution procedure of the selected method is demonstrated using simple examples and the results are compared with the results of other methods. An analysis of the above methods is used to design and implement new methods to resolve real transportation issues, their results being compared with the methods provided by the commercial software product

Different Fate of Herpes Simplex Encephalitis (Clinical and EEG Cases Report)

We followed clinical and EEG examinations of two patients with herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) in acute condition along with monitoring their early and late outcomes. Patients: M. B., 23-year-old female, who completed home treatment as a severe organic psycho-syndrome, reliant on nursing care, and L. J., now 16-year-old female patient, whose HSE in the 3 rd year of her life went into auto-aggressive Rasmussen encephalitislike condition with epileptic status in the form of Epilepsia parcialis continua (EPC).The EEG signal was statistically processed using «power spectral analysis» with color maps 3D BM showing the performance of individual frequency bands topographically and the measurement of connectivity in longitudinal and transversal direction by means of the mean coherencies — indexes of connectivity.On the 9th year of L. J. life when she overcame varicella with a significant eruption of the skin and high temperature the highly active EEG patterns were attenuated both graphically and clinically with a significant reduction in focal epilepsy. The latter was affected by a total thiopentotal anesthesia and bolus corticotherapy, as well as amantadine sulphate.This patient exhibited central right lower limb mono-paresis in a selfstanding walk and 4–5 short myoclonic abduction cramps in arm joints associated with vocalized «hee-haw», deep inspiring and expiring in full consciousness. MRI proved hyperintense area parasagitally on the left side of the centromotor region and EEG with epileptogenic grapho-elements in adjacent scar. We compared the last sample of the EEG signal to the EEG patterns of her homozygous sister and found them identical with no pathological graphoelements.These patients survival was the result of continuing anti-viral treatment, intensive medical and nursing care aimed to protect neural cells in the brain, the effect of which was longitudinally monitored by classic and statistical EEG signal analysis.The late outcome of these patients was diametrically different. L. J. graduated from the 9-year primary school with good results. M. B. was progressively mobilized, despite the clinical signs of severe alterations of psychic sphere as a result of postencephalitic encephalopathy with insufficient response to neuroleptics and sedatives. After parents’ agreement received she was transferred to the regional hospital