El diagnóstico por imagen en la prevención de las lesiones del nervio dentario en la cirugía del tercer molar : Estudio descriptivo-comparativo entre la ortopantomografía y la tomografía transversal

El tratamiento quirúrgico de los terceros molares inferiores constituye una de las actividades mas frecuentes tanto para el cirujano bucal como para el maxilofacial. La posibilidad de lesionar durante la intervención el nervio dentario inferior conduce a una situación molesta y desagradable para el paciente y que en ocasiones puede conllevar una serie de implicaciones medico-legales. Es por ello que durante el desarrollo de este trabajo se ha planteado encontrar diferentes formas de diagnostico que posibiliten, al menos hipotéticamente, una solución fiable que evite la lesión de este tronco nervioso periférico. Para el desarrollo de nuestro trabajo se utilizaron, en una primera fase, 480, mandíbulas desecadas sobre las que se detectaron 50 casos que reunían los criterios de inclusión establecidos. En una segunda fase, se seleccionaron 112 casos sobre 532 pacientes que fueron remitidos para ser intervenidos por presentar retención de terceros molares inferiores. En ambas fases, se analizaron, entre otros, aspectos anatómicos del conducto dentario, así como una serie de signos radiológicos a nivel dentario y del conducto. El análisis de resultados permitió determinar que no existen diferencias significativas entre ambas muestras objeto de estudio. Anatómicamente, el conducto dentario resulto ser de mayores dimensiones en los varones, a la vez que en estos los terceros molares mas frecuentemente encontrados fueron los horizontales, siendo en el caso de las mujeres los verticales. En cuanto a la visualización radiológica del conducto, la radiografía panorámica ofreció una visión aceptable, que pudo complementarse en un alto porcentaje con la utilización de cortes tomográficos. Los signos radiológicos que presuponían un íntimo contacto entre el tercer molar y el conducto dentario fueron fundamentalmente el oscurecimiento de la raíz y la perdida de corticación del conducto. A raíz de estos resultados podemos establecer que uno de los métodos diagnósticos mas adecuados para la prevención de las lesiones del nervio dentario inferior durante las intervenciones de los terceros molares, será la utilización conjunta de la ortopantomografia junto a la tomografía transversal, lo que nos ofrecerá una imagen tridimensional

Brain complications from odontogenic infections: A systematic review

Purpose: Odontogenic infections can spread through different routes to more remote anatomical areas, such as the brain. Brain abscesses have an incidence of 0.3−1.3 / 100,000 population and only 2−5% are of dental origin. The main objective is to research brain complications derived from odontogenic infections. Secondary objectives were to identify the most common symptoms in brain abscess, to describe the microbiology involved in these infectious processes, report which parts of the brain complex are most commonly affected and report the sequelae of this patients. Methods: A systematic review following the PRISMA Guide and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Reports was carried out in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The search terms were: Brain infection, brain abscess, oral health oral origin, odont* infect*. Results: The database search identified a total of 1000 articles. A total of 18 publications were identified after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 38 patients were analyzed. Mean age was 49.64§ 18.80 years. Conclusion: The most common symptoms of patients with brain abscess are neurological affectations first and then fever and headache second, without necessarily presenting as a symptomatological triad. Microbiological diagnosis is key to determining the origin of the infection. Anaerobic pathogens such as Streptococcus (F. Milleri), Fusobacterium Nucleatum and Porfiromonas Gingivalis families are common bacterial agents. The frontal lobe is the most frequently affected, followed by the parietal and temporal lobe. The most frequent brain complications are neurological disorders. However, most patients with brain abscesses recover without sequelae

Evaluación del aprendizaje según dos métodos de enseñanza diferentes: clase tradicional frente a aprendizaje basado en problemas cortos

Depto. de Especialidades Clínicas OdontológicasFac. de OdontologíaFALSEsubmitte

Aplicación de la herramienta Socrative® para la evaluación en la asignatura "Repercusiones Bucales de las Enfermedades Sistémicas" en los alumnos de Odontología a través de dispositivos móviles. Fase I. Examen tipo test de preguntas dicotómicas

Incorporación de la herramienta interactiva Socrative® para la gestión de la participación de los alumnos y la evaluación rápida en tiempo real por parte del profesor en la asignatura "Repercusiones Bucales de las Enfermedades Sistémicas" en 3er Curso de Grado de Odontología.Se realizan preguntas y los alumnos contestan a través de sus dispositivos móviles, obteniendo un feedback inmediato de sus contestaciones

Adaptación a la docencia online de las prácticas preclínicas de Cirugía Bucal I

Los cambios en la docencia debido a la pandemia por la COVID-19 ha llevado a la reducción de la presencialidad y a un aumento de la docencia online. Por ello se diseñó este proyecto, cuya finalidad fue la adaptación a la docencia online de las prácticas preclínicas de Cirugía Bucal I. Para el desarrollo de este trabajo se realizaron las rúbricas de evaluación de cada módulo de la asignatura, se elaboraron videos y documentación para subir al campus virtual antes de la realización de la práctica. Finalmente, se elaboraron cuestionarios de evaluación de la satisfacción de los estudiantes y profesorado con esta metodología. Los resultados mostraron una elevada satisfacción de ambos grupos, considerándola una herramienta de utilidad en el aprendizaje y de implementación en cursos posteriores

Use of Phentolamine Mesylate in implant surgery: analysis of adverse effects and haemodynamic changes

FI: 4,964 ; 55/172; Q2; Medicine, General & Internal, 2021; AP: SIThe clinical application of phentolamine mesylate (PM) as an anaesthetic reversal agent has been documented in the paediatric population and in conservative dentistry, but no studies have been conducted regarding dental implant surgery. A prospective randomised study was conducted on 60 patients eligible for mandibular implant treatment, randomly divided between a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG), to whom PM was administered. Haemodynamic changes, adverse effects and patient satisfaction were assessed. No statistically significant differences in haemodynamic changes and postoperative pain were found between CG and EG (p < 0.05), except for systolic blood pressure (SBP), which increased slightly in EG, without posing a risk to patients. There were no differences in the occurrence of adverse effects between the two groups, except for greater difficulty in chewing and biting (p < 0.05) in CG and greater pain in the injection area (p = 0.043) in EG. Among EG patients, 83.3% reported that they would request PM again for future dental treatment. The use of PM offers an alternative to implant surgery, thereby increasing patients’ quality of life without increasing the risks.Depto. de Odontología Conservadora y PrótesisFac. de OdontologíaTRUEpu

Influence of the Sanitary, Economic, and Social Crisis of COVID-19 on the Emotional State of Dentistry in Galicia (Spain)

The main objective of this research was to analyze the economic, social, and emotional repercussions among Galician dentists (Spain) as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey was filled out by 347 professionals. After verifying the survey’s reliability using Cronbach’s alpha = 0.84, the professional activity and emotional state of the participants were assessed based on aspects related to their personal and family data. The economic impact of the pandemic was considerable, and all participants experienced a decrease in income. In total, 72% of the participants considered that working with personal protective equipment (PPE) made their clinical activities difficult, and 60% expressed concern about being infected during their professional practice. Among the professionals, women (p = 0.005), and separated, divorced, or single professionals (p = 0.003) were the most strongly affected. Separated or divorced professionals were the group that most frequently raised the need to make a radical change in their lives. Finally, it was observed that the emotional consequences varied substantially in the lives of these professionals, mainly among female dentists (p = 0.010), separated and divorced men (p = 0.000), and those with fewer years of professional practice (p = 0.021). The COVID-19 pandemic had an economic impact, due to the decrease in the number of patients and hours of attention, as well as an emotional impact, mostly expressed in the form of sleep disorders and stress. The most vulnerable professionals were women and professionals with fewer years of experience

Use of Phentolamine Mesylate in Implant Surgery: Analysis of Adverse Effects and Haemodynamic Changes

The clinical application of phentolamine mesylate (PM) as an anaesthetic reversal agent has been documented in the paediatric population and in conservative dentistry, but no studies have been conducted regarding dental implant surgery. A prospective randomised study was conducted on 60 patients eligible for mandibular implant treatment, randomly divided between a control group (CG) and an experimental group (EG), to whom PM was administered. Haemodynamic changes, adverse effects and patient satisfaction were assessed. No statistically significant differences in haemodynamic changes and postoperative pain were found between CG and EG (p &lt; 0.05), except for systolic blood pressure (SBP), which increased slightly in EG, without posing a risk to patients. There were no differences in the occurrence of adverse effects between the two groups, except for greater difficulty in chewing and biting (p &lt; 0.05) in CG and greater pain in the injection area (p = 0.043) in EG. Among EG patients, 83.3% reported that they would request PM again for future dental treatment. The use of PM offers an alternative to implant surgery, thereby increasing patients’ quality of life without increasing the risks

Calcium phosphate modified with silicon vs. bovine hydroxyapatite for alveolar ridge preservation: Densitometric evaluation, morphological changes and histomorphometric study

FI: 3,748 ; 18/79; Q1; Metallurgy & Metallugical Engineering, 2021; AP= NoAfter tooth extraction, the alveolar bone undergoes a physiological resorption that may compromise the future placement of the implant in its ideal position. This study evaluated bone density, morphological changes, and histomorphometric results undergone by alveolar bone after applying a new biomaterial composed of calcium phosphate modified with silicon (CAPO-Si) compared with hydroxyapatite of bovine origin (BHA). Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) was performed in 24 alveoli, divided into a test group filled with CAPO-Si and a control group filled with BHA. Three months later, the mineral bone density obtained by the biomaterials, horizontal and vertical bone loss, the degree of alveolar corticalization, and histomorphometric results were evaluated. Both biomaterials presented similar behavior in terms of densitometric results, vertical bone loss, and degree of alveolar corticalization. Alveoli treated with CAPO-Si showed less horizontal bone loss in comparison with alveoli treated with BHA (0.99 ± 0.2 mm vs. 1.3 ± 0.3 mm), with statistically significant difference (p = 0.017). Histomorphometric results showed greater bone neoformation in the test group than the control group (23 ± 15% vs. 11 ± 7%) (p = 0.039) and less residual biomaterial (5 ± 10% vs. 17 ± 13%) (p = 0.043) with statistically significant differences. In conclusion, the ARP technique obtains better results with CAPO-Si than with BHA.Depto. de Odontología Conservadora y PrótesisFac. de OdontologíaTRUEpu

Calcium Phosphate Modified with Silicon vs. Bovine Hydroxyapatite for Alveolar Ridge Preservation: Densitometric Evaluation, Morphological Changes and Histomorphometric Study

After tooth extraction, the alveolar bone undergoes a physiological resorption that may compromise the future placement of the implant in its ideal position. This study evaluated bone density, morphological changes, and histomorphometric results undergone by alveolar bone after applying a new biomaterial composed of calcium phosphate modified with silicon (CAPO-Si) compared with hydroxyapatite of bovine origin (BHA). Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) was performed in 24 alveoli, divided into a test group filled with CAPO-Si and a control group filled with BHA. Three months later, the mineral bone density obtained by the biomaterials, horizontal and vertical bone loss, the degree of alveolar corticalization, and histomorphometric results were evaluated. Both biomaterials presented similar behavior in terms of densitometric results, vertical bone loss, and degree of alveolar corticalization. Alveoli treated with CAPO-Si showed less horizontal bone loss in comparison with alveoli treated with BHA (0.99 ± 0.2 mm vs. 1.3 ± 0.3 mm), with statistically significant difference (p = 0.017). Histomorphometric results showed greater bone neoformation in the test group than the control group (23 ± 15% vs. 11 ± 7%) (p = 0.039) and less residual biomaterial (5 ± 10% vs. 17 ± 13%) (p = 0.043) with statistically significant differences. In conclusion, the ARP technique obtains better results with CAPO-Si than with BHA