The effect of exercises with contextual interference of training on attention problems in children with developmental coordination disorder

Background and aims: Developmental Coordination Disorders (DCD) is one of the most common disorders affecting on the children with 5-8 years old. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of training and different background interference (blocked and random practice) on Attention disorders in children with DCD between 5 to 7 years old in Mashhad city. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental. Among all children with DCD in Kindergartens of Mashhad, 45 children were selected by screening tests after the completion of the Conner's psychological nursing questionnaire as pre-test, and they were divided randomly into three groups of 15 subjects (block practice, random practice, and control groups. In the following, the current experimental groups performed training by different contextual interfering for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week, and each session 45 minutes). At the end, post-test was performed again by Connor's neuropsychological questionnaire to all subjects. T-test and Covariance test were used respectively to determine intra-group and inter-group differences. Results: The results of the present study showed that training in both experimental groups had effective growth on attention problems in children with DCD (block P=0.01, random P=0.001), while in the control group had no effect (P=0.58). Also, the results of this study showed that training group with more contextual interfering was more effective on attention problems in children with DCD and caused more improvement in these children. Conclusion: However, it can be concluded that training with more background interference can cause further improvement of attention problems in children with DC

The effects of sodium benzoate (C6H5COONa) on ovaries and its hormones and gonadotropins on female balb/C mice

چکیده: زمینه و هدف: بنزوات سدیم (C6H5COONa) به عنوان یک داروی ضد عفونی کننده بر علیه باکتریها و میکروارگانیسم ها در انواع مواد غذایی و دارویی بهداشتی مصرف می شود. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین اثرات بنزوات سدیم بر روی تخمدان ها و هورمون های آن و گنادوتروپین ها در موش سوری (balb/c) ماده بالغ است. روش بررسی: در یک مطالعه تجربی 18 سر مـوش سوری (balb/c) ماده بالغ در سه گروه 6 تایی قرار گرفتند. به گروه یک (کنترل) آب آشامیدنی طبیعی و به گروه دوم روزانه 280 میلی گرم در کیلوگرم و به گروه سوم روزانه 560 میلی گرم در کیلوگرم بنزوات سدیم محلول در آب آشامیدنی به مدت 60 روز داده شد. بعد از تهیه سرم های خونی سنجش هورمون های گنادوتروپین (LH)، هیپوفیز (FSH) و استرادیول و پروژسترون به روش رادیوایمنواسی (RIA) انجام گرفت. به کمک میکروسکوپ نوری و الکترونی ساختار و فرا ساختار تخمدانی در موش ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تجزیه و تحلیل آماری برای مقایسه میانگین ها با استفاده از آزمون t انجام شد. یافته ها: میانگین وزن تخمدان ها در موشهای گروه کنترل و گروه دوم پس از 60 روز به ترتیب 98/0±75/7 و 84/0±21/7 میلی گرم بود (05/0P>). اما میانگین وزن تخمدان ها در گروه سوم (72/0±41/6 میلی گرم) نسبت به گروه کنترل کاهش معنی داری را نشان داد (05/0

The Effects of a Course of Motor Activities Along with Music on the Balance, Running Speed and Agility in Children with Autism

Background and aims: Autism is one of the most common disorders affecting children. People with Autism disorder have problems with many motor skills, such as balance and walking speed. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of a period of motor activities along with music on balance performance and running speed in the children between 6 to 9 years old suffering from autism disorder. Methods: This study was a semi-experimental research. Among children with autism disorders in care centers of autistic children in 2017 in Isfahan, 16 children were selected using screening tests. They were randomly divided into two groups (interventional and control) and in each group 8 patients using the Bruninx Oseretsky test as a pre-test, after assessing balance performance and running speed and agility. Then, the interventional group performed motor activities along with music for 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week. Finally, all subjects were subjected to post-test using balance performance and running speed. In order to investigate the natural distribution of data, Shapiro Wilco test was used and the covariance analysis by SPSS 21 was used for the research hypothesis. Results: The findings of this study showed that the groups were homogeneous in terms of age, IQ and severity of autism. The findings of this study also showed that motor activities along with music in the interventional group was effective on the balance performance, running speed and agility of children suffering from autism disorder and they were significantly improved compared with the control group (P=0.001). Conclusion: According to the results, motor activity can be considered with music to improve balance performance, speed and agility in children with Autism disorder. Hence, the use of motor activity along with music is suggested as a suitable interventional method for children with Autism disorder

Effect of Imagining the Strategy of Play and Imagining the Motor Skill on Youths' Sport Performance in Karate

Introduction: The present study aimed to determine the effect of imagining the play strategies in comparison with imagining the motor skills on performance during a sports competition course.Methods: Participants were 30 (19 men, 11 women) karatekas who were evaluated as upper than moderate in terms of performance level. In the beginning, participants' ability and past experiments in motor imagery were assessed. Then, they took part in a quasi-experimental design of one of three strategic imagery, movement imagery, or control groups. Each person immediately after combatting with an opponent performed the required action depending on the group and finally competed against the same previous opponent, again.Results: The results showed that karatekas had excellent imagery ability, especially in preserving the temporal characteristics of the movement, and at the past competitions, specifically before their matches, they had used both cognitive-general and cognitive-specific imagery. Also, the nonparametric analysis demonstrated that in the quasi-experimental design, the strategic imagery group gained a higher point difference during the post-test, however, the movement imagery or control group did not differ significantly.Conclusion: The research findings revealed that strategic imagery has more advantages compared to skill imagery, suggesting that strategies of play can be used between the matches as an effective factor in sports success

The evolution of Blockchain: a bibliometric study

© 2019 The Authors. Published by IEEE. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2895646Blockchain as emerging technology is revolutionizing several industries, and its abundant privileges have opened up a bunch of research directions in various industries; thereby, it has acquired many interests from the research community. The rapid evolution of blockchain research papers in recent years has resulted in a need to conduct research studies that investigate a detailed analysis of the current body of knowledge in this field. To address this need, a few review papers have been published to report the latest accomplishments and challenges of blockchain technology from different perspectives. Nonetheless, there has not been any bibliometric analysis of the state of the art in blockchain where Web of Science (WoS) has been taken into consideration as a literature database. Hence, a thorough analysis of the current body of knowledge in blockchain research through a bibliometric study would be needed. In this paper, we performed a bibliometric analysis of all Blockchain’s conference papers, articles, and review papers that have been indexed byWoS from 2013 to 2018. We have analyzed those collected papers against five research questions. The results revealed some valuable insights, including yearly publications and citations trends, hottest research areas, top-ten influential papers, favorite publication venues, and most supportive funding bodies. The findings of this paper offer several implications that can be used as a guideline by both fresh and experienced researchers to establish a baseline before initiating a blockchain research project in the future.Published versio

Outcomes and Risk Factors Associated with Burn Injuries in Children

Background: Burn injuries and their complications are still considered major threats to society’s health standards. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile, outcome, and factors associated with children’s burn injuries in Shahroud (northeastern Iran). Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed over a three-year period (2013–2015) on children 12 years and under who were admitted to Imam Hossein Hospital in Shahroud with burn injuries. In this study, we reviewed medical records of hospitalized burn patients, and an analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Of the 195 patients, 111 cases (56.9%) were male and the rest were female. The mean age was 6.34 ± 5.32 years (0–12 years). The highest proportion of burn injuries were in the 5- to 8-year-old group (47.2%), and the most common environment in which burn injuries occurred was the home (72.3%). The most common cause of burns was a hot liquid (56.9%). The mean TBSA was 20.11 ± 10.5% and the mean LHS was 9.81 ± 3.85 days. The most frequent burn areas were the upper limbs (46.6%), and second-degree burns were the most common type (48.2%). The mortality rate was 10.8%.Conclusions: The results of this study show that burn injuries in the pediatric population most commonly occur at home from a hot liquid, resulting in second-degree burns on upper-limb areas. So a large percentage of them are preventable with a little attention

Outcomes and Risk Factors Associated with Burn Injuries in Children

Background: Burn injuries and their complications are still considered major threats to society’s health standards. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile, outcome, and factors associated with children’s burn injuries in Shahroud (northeastern Iran). Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed over a three-year period (2013–2015) on children 12 years and under who were admitted to Imam Hossein Hospital in Shahroud with burn injuries. In this study, we reviewed medical records of hospitalized burn patients, and an analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: Of the 195 patients, 111 cases (56.9%) were male and the rest were female. The mean age was 6.34 ± 5.32 years (0–12 years). The highest proportion of burn injuries were in the 5- to 8-year-old group (47.2%), and the most common environment in which burn injuries occurred was the home (72.3%). The most common cause of burns was a hot liquid (56.9%). The mean TBSA was 20.11 ± 10.5% and the mean LHS was 9.81 ± 3.85 days. The most frequent burn areas were the upper limbs (46.6%), and second-degree burns were the most common type (48.2%). The mortality rate was 10.8%.Conclusions: The results of this study show that burn injuries in the pediatric population most commonly occur at home from a hot liquid, resulting in second-degree burns on upper-limb areas. So a large percentage of them are preventable with a little attention

Biologic characteristics of platelet rich plasma and platelet rich fibrin : A review

The recent development of platelet concentrate for surgical use is an evolution of the fibrin glue technologies used since many years. Fibrin is a biologic glue that compact platelet clusters during coagulation process fibrin glues are biologic products that their local application has been used to decrease bleeding and accelerate tissue healing in the past three decades. Fibrin glue prepared based on a natural biologic mechanism (polymerization of fibrin during homeostasis) that reinforced by an artificial way. However, they were ever criticized because were blood derived products and had a high risk of viral infection the production of these products is based on the mixture of two plasma components including fibrinogen and thrombin. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a fibrin matrix in which platelet cytokines, growth factors, and cells are trapped and may be released after a certain time. Choukroun et al. used platelet rich fibrin (PRF) protocol in oral and maxillofacial surgery to improve bone healing. Autologous PRF is considered to be a healing biomaterial, and presently, studies have shown its application in various disciplines of dentistry. PRF is the second generation of platelet concentrates which allows fibrin membranes to get enriched with platelets and growth factors, starting from an anticoagulant free blood harvest. PRF is similar to a fibrin network that allows cell migration and proliferation, and consequently, a more efficient cicatrization. Many growth factors, such as platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor, are released from PRF. One of the major differences between PRF and PRP is the different polymerization that is responsible for the different biologic properties. PRF released autologous growth factors gradually and expressed stronger and more durable effect on proliferation and differentiation, which means that PRF could stimulate the surrounding environment to a more rapid wound healing. This review aims to evaluate the effect of biologic characteristics of fibrin glues, PRP, and PRF

Comparison of the Effect of Inhalational Isoflurane-Nitrous Oxide Anesthesia and Intravenous Propofol-Remifentanil Anesthesia on Postoperative Pain

Background: The severity of postoperative pain varies widely in the different types of anesthesia. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of isoflurane-nitrous oxide anesthesia and propofol-remifentanil anesthesia on postoperative pain after foot and ankle surgery. Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, 60 eligible patients were divided into two equal intervention and control groups; the first group inhaled anesthesia with isoflurane-nitrous oxide and the control group were given intravenous anesthesia with propofol-remifentanil using the quadruple random block model and postoperative pain intensity was measured and compared in the two groups. Data on pain severity were collected at different times and analyzed using SPSS statistical software and related tests. The significant level was set at 0.05.   Results: Of the 60 participants, 38 (52.4%) were male and 22 (47.6%) were female. The mean age of the participants was 33.9±15.1 years. The intensity of pain in the recovery room and up to 4 hours after surgery was significantly (Pvalue<0.001) lower in the intervention group but after 4 hours there was no significant difference between the two groups. So, it can be seen in the present study that there was a significant decrease (Pvalue<0.036) in the number of cases requiring analgesics prescribed in the recovery room and up to 4 hours after surgery in the intervention group. Conclusions: According to the results, evaporation anesthetic isoflurane-nitrous oxide can be used in the stage of induction of anesthesia in orthopedic surgeries, and has achieved good results in reducing pain, especially during the first 4 hours, postoperative. Key Words: Isoflurane, Propofol, Inhaler Anesthesia, IV Anesthesia, Postoperative Pai

The effect of Corona Anxiety on Academic Well-Being with Respect to the Mediating Role of Academic Hope

The spread of Corona disease and Corona anxiety has affected students' academic and educational lives by closing schools and rapidly changing teaching methods. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between Corona anxiety and students' academic well-being with respect to the mediating role of academic hope. The method of the present study was correlational method. The statistical population of the study was first and second high school students in Urmia. The research sample consisted of 400 people who were selected by the available sampling method. Research tools included method anxiety, academic well-being and academic hope, which were prepared online for students. SPSS and LISREL software were used for data analysis. The results showed that Corona anxiety affects students 'academic hope and academic well-being and academic hope has a mediating role between Corona anxiety and students' academic well-being. Based on the results, it is necessary for schools and the education system to take the necessary tools and counseling to improve coronary anxiety, academic well-being and students' academic hope after the end of Covid 19 disease and the reopening of schools