Prolonged cryptosporidiosis during primary HIV infection

Primary infection with the human immunodeficiency virus causes profound immunosuppression with a decrease in lymphocyte numbers and function. However, this immunosuppression is transient and most individuals regain normal immune function. Infection with opportunist pathogens during the period of immunosuppression is rare. We report a case of severe prolonged cryptosporidiosis complicating primary HIV infection. This has not previously been described. A review of other cases of opportunist infections in primary HIV infection suggests that various pathogens may take advantage of the transient immunosuppression. This has important implications for the diagnosis and management of acute HIV infection, and for the diagnostic criteria currently used for AIDS.</p

Herpes zoster and its neurological complications.

Ninety-three Chinese patients with cutaneous herpes zoster were seen during a 4-year period. Thoracic zoster occurred most commonly, followed by ophthalmic, cervical and lumbosacral zoster. Neurological complications were present in eleven patients (11.8%), the commonest being Ramsay-Hunt syndrome and segmental limb paresis. The clinical picture, pathogenesis, treatment and outcome of segmental limb paresis, myelitis and delayed contralateral hemiparesis following zoster ophthalmicus are discussed. Nine immunocompromised patients received intravenous adenine arabinoside (vidarabine) or acycloguanosine (acyclovir), and no cutaneous or visceral spread occurred in these patients