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Not AvailableInput energy assessment has been carried out for the greenhouse cultivation of tomato and it has been compared with the input energy for the open field cultivation. The assessment indicates that the energy input per unit produce is 1.7 MJ/kg under open field cultivation. The input energy requirements for greenhouse cultivation increase due to the greenhouse frame, glazing, inorganic fertilizers and environmental control and are estimated to be 4.2 MJ/kg at the minimum. The energy requirements under north Indian plains are likely to be 32 MJ/kg or more with the traditional methods of environmental control. The assessment of input energy in the two crop production systems indicates the priorities for input energy optimizations.IPCL and Plasticulture Development Centr

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Not AvailableA mathematical model was developed and used to study the effect of various energy conservation meas-ures to arrive at a set of design features for an energy efficient greenhouse. The Simulation results indicatedthat under cold climatic conditions of northern India, a gothic arch shaped greenhouse required 2.6% and4.2% less heating as compared to gable and quonset shapes. An east–west oriented gothic arch greenhouserequired 2% less heating as compared to a north–south oriented one. North wall insulation of an east westoriented gothic arch greenhouse saved 30% in heating costs. The use of night curtains reduced the nighttime heating requirement by 70.8% and daily requirement by 60.6%. By replacing the single cover on thesouthern side with air inflated double wall glazing, the heating requirement was reduced by 23%. Thecombination of the design features for an energy efficient greenhouse suitable for cold climatic conditionswas found to reduce the greenhouse heating needs by 80%. An internal rock bed thermal storage/retrievalsystem met the remaining heating energy requirements of the energy-conserving greenhouse.PFDC, IPC

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Not AvailableA mathematical model was developed and used to study the effect of various energy conservation measures to arrive at a set of design features for an energy efficient greenhouse. The Simulation results indicated that under cold climatic conditions of northern India, a gothic arch shaped greenhouse required 2.6% and 4.2% less heating as compared to gable and quonset shapes. An east–west oriented gothic arch greenhouse required 2% less heating as compared to a north–south oriented one. North wall insulation of an east west oriented gothic arch greenhouse saved 30% in heating costs. The use of night curtains reduced the night time heating requirement by 70.8% and daily requirement by 60.6%. By replacing the single cover on the southern side with air inflated double wall glazing, the heating requirement was reduced by 23%. The combination of the design features for an energy efficient greenhouse suitable for cold climatic conditions was found to reduce the greenhouse heating needs by 80%. An internal rock bed thermal storage/retrieval system met the remaining heating energy requirements of the energy-conserving greenhouse.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableFourier transform–infrared spectroscopy, in conjunction with artificial neural networks, has been used for identification and classification of selected foodborne pathogens. Five bacterial species (Enterococcus faecium, Salmonella Enteritidis, Bacillus cereus, Yersinia enterocolitica, Shigella boydii) and five Escherichia coli strains (O103, O55, O121, O30, O26) suspended in phosphate-buffered saline were enumerated to provide seven different concentrations ranging from 109 to 103 CFU/ml. The trained artificial neural networks were then validated with an independent subset of samples and compared with the traditional plate count method. It was found that the concentration-based classification of the species was 100% correct and the strain-based classification was 90 to 100% accurate.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe microclimate in a double-span greenhouse (with screened vents on all four sides and roof) was studied under wind driven and fan ventilated conditions in 2014-2016. The greenhouse air temperature and relative humidity were monitored year round (ranged from 52.3 to 13.5°C and 100 to 18% in wind driven condition as compared to an ambient air temperature and humidity of 38 to 15°C and 99 to 20%, respectively), while air velocities were measured for short periods with full grown tomato crop at various locations of the greenhouse under wind driven and fan ventilated conditions. The air temperature and relative humidity in the fan (2 nos. 25 cfm)ventilated greenhouse with tomato crop (ranged from 34.4 to 25.3°C and 99 to 30%, respectively, as compared to ambient air temperature and relative humidity of 43 to 11°C, and 96 to 20%, respectively). The highly heterogeneous distribution of air velocities inside the structure under wind driven conditions (east span: (-154.26) to 52.04% and west span: (-68.62) to 39.22%) were improved significantly by the installation of fans (east span: 19.02 to 39.90%, west span: (-57.19) to 39.90%).RKVY, GOI, Directorate of Agriculutre, Go

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Not AvailableEmpowering livelihood of tribal farmers of Goa: Achievements under TSP 2013-2014. Technical Bulletin No.53Not Availabl

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Not AvailableFTIR absorbance spectra of four foodborne pathogens suspended in four common food matrices at three different concentrations were used with artificial neural networks (ANNs) for identification and quantification. The classification accuracy of the ANNs was 93.4% for identification and 95.1% for quantification when validated using a subset of the data set. The accuracy of the ANNs when validated for identification of the pathogens studied at four different concentrations using an independent data set had an accuracy range from 60% to 100% and was strongly influenced by background noise. The pathogens could be identified irrespective of the food matrix in which they were suspended, although the classification accuracy was reduced at lower concentrations. More sophisticated background noise filtration techniques are needed to further improve the predictions.United States-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund (Grant No. US-3296-02