Boiler for generating high quality vapor

Boiler supplies vapor for use in turbines by imparting a high angular velocity to the liquid annulus in heated rotating drum. Drum boiler provides a sharp interface between boiling liquid and vapor, thereby, inhibiting the formation of unwanted liquid droplets

Gravitational Collapse of a Homogeneous Scalar Field in Deformed Phase Space

We study the gravitational collapse of a homogeneous scalar field, minimally coupled to gravity, in the presence of a particular type of dynamical deformation between the canonical momenta of the scale factor and of the scalar field. In the absence of such a deformation, a class of solutions can be found in the literature [R. Goswami and P. S. Joshi, arXiv:gr-qc/0410144], %\cite{JG04}, whereby a curvature singularity occurs at the collapse end state, which can be either hidden behind a horizon or be visible to external observers. However, when the phase-space is deformed, as implemented herein this paper, we find that the singularity may be either removed or instead, attained faster. More precisely, for negative values of the deformation parameter, we identify the emergence of a negative pressure term, which slows down the collapse so that the singularity is replaced with a bounce. In this respect, the formation of a dynamical horizon can be avoided depending on the suitable choice of the boundary surface of the star. Whereas for positive values, the pressure that originates from the deformation effects assists the collapse toward the singularity formation. In this case, since the collapse speed is unbounded, the condition on the horizon formation is always satisfied and furthermore the dynamical horizon develops earlier than when the phase-space deformations are absent. These results are obtained by means of a thoroughly numerical discussion.Comment: 17 pages, 17 figure

Loop quantum effect and the fate of tachyon field collapse

We study the fate of gravitational collapse of a tachyon field matter. In presence of an inverse square potential a black hole forms. Loop quantum corrections lead to the avoidance of classical singularities, which is followed by an outward flux of energy.Comment: Contribution to the conference of Loops'11, Madri

Sequestering atmospheric CO₂ inorganically:a solution for Malaysia's CO₂ emission

Malaysia is anticipating an increase of 68.86% in CO2 emission in 2020, compared with the 2000 baseline, reaching 285.73 million tonnes. A major contributor to Malaysia's CO2 emissions is coal-fired electricity power plants, responsible for 43.4% of the overall emissions. Malaysia's forest soil offers organic sequestration of 15 tonnes of CO2 ha(-1) year(-1). Unlike organic CO2 sequestration in soil, inorganic sequestration of CO2 through mineral carbonation, once formed, is considered as a permanent sink. Inorganic CO2 sequestration in Malaysia has not been extensively studied, and the country's potential for using the technique for atmospheric CO2 removal is undefined. In addition, Malaysia produces a significant amount of solid waste annually and, of that, demolition concrete waste, basalt quarry fine, and fly and bottom ashes are calcium-rich materials suitable for inorganic CO2 sequestration. This project introduces a potential solution for sequestering atmospheric CO2 inorganically for Malaysia. If lands associated to future developments in Malaysia are designed for inorganic CO2 sequestration using demolition concrete waste, basalt quarry fine, and fly and bottom ashes, 597,465 tonnes of CO2 can be captured annually adding a potential annual economic benefit of (sic)4,700,000.</p

MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING DALAM PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR IPS (STUDI PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS DI SMP NEGERI 2 TOLITOLI)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS melalui model problem based learning pada siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 2 Tolitoli tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Subjek penelitian Tindakan kelas ini adalah siswa kelas IX SMP Negeri 2 Tolitoli tahun pelajaran 2018/2019 sebanyak 35 siswa sebagai subjek penerima tindakan, sedangkan untuk subjek pelaku tindakan adalah guru IPS kelas IXA selaku guru, teman sejawat selaku subjek yang melakukan observasi proses pembelajaran, Kepala Sekolah selaku subjek sumber data. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik tes, observasi dan dokumentasi. Penelitian Tindakan ini dilakukan dalam dua siklus, tiap-tiap siklus terdiri dari: perencanaan, tindakan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran problem based learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas IX A SMPN 2 Tolitoli tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari nilai rata-rata hasil belajar IPS siswa juga mengalami peningkatan yaitu sebelum Tindakan sebesar 70,88 pada siklus I sebesar 74,80 dan pada siklus II sebesar 85,37. Selain itu, presentase ketuntasan belajar siswa, yaitu sebelum tindakan sebesar 34,28%, pada siklus I sebesar 74,80% dan pada siklus II sebesar 94,28%.Kata Kunci: Problem based learning dan hasil belajar IPS sisw

Thermal properties of Malaysian cohesive soils

The thermal properties of soils surrounding energy piles are required for the efficient and optimal design of shallow geothermal energy pile systems. In this study, the thermal conductivity, thermal resistivity and volumetric specific heat of two types of Malaysian cohesive soil were obtained through a series of laboratory experiments using a thermal needle probe. This study was conducted to determine the effect of moisture content on the thermal conductivity, thermal resistivity and volumetric specific heat values of the cohesive soil at a given value of soil density. For soils with low to medium moisture content, a linear increase in the thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity was observed as the moisture content gradually increased, while the thermal resistivity values of the soil had decreased. Meanwhile, for soils with high moisture content, the thermal conductivity was observed to have decreased, and a marked increase was seen in the thermal resistivity. This is due to the disruption of the thermal flow continuity in the soil matrix with the presence of moisture in the soil which adversely affects the thermal conductivity

Multiplierz: An Extensible API Based Desktop Environment for Proteomics Data Analysis

BACKGROUND. Efficient analysis of results from mass spectrometry-based proteomics experiments requires access to disparate data types, including native mass spectrometry files, output from algorithms that assign peptide sequence to MS/MS spectra, and annotation for proteins and pathways from various database sources. Moreover, proteomics technologies and experimental methods are not yet standardized; hence a high degree of flexibility is necessary for efficient support of high- and low-throughput data analytic tasks. Development of a desktop environment that is sufficiently robust for deployment in data analytic pipelines, and simultaneously supports customization for programmers and non-programmers alike, has proven to be a significant challenge. RESULTS. We describe multiplierz, a flexible and open-source desktop environment for comprehensive proteomics data analysis. We use this framework to expose a prototype version of our recently proposed common API (mzAPI) designed for direct access to proprietary mass spectrometry files. In addition to routine data analytic tasks, multiplierz supports generation of information rich, portable spreadsheet-based reports. Moreover, multiplierz is designed around a "zero infrastructure" philosophy, meaning that it can be deployed by end users with little or no system administration support. Finally, access to multiplierz functionality is provided via high-level Python scripts, resulting in a fully extensible data analytic environment for rapid development of custom algorithms and deployment of high-throughput data pipelines. CONCLUSION. Collectively, mzAPI and multiplierz facilitate a wide range of data analysis tasks, spanning technology development to biological annotation, for mass spectrometry-based proteomics research.Dana-Farber Cancer Institute; National Human Genome Research Institute (P50HG004233); National Science Foundation Integrative Graduate Education and Research Traineeship grant (DGE-0654108

Relatório de estágio curricular no Observatório de Tráfico de Seres Humanos

This report seeks to demonstrate the Portuguese situation with regards to human trafficking. It starts with the analysis of three legal instruments that are pillars at the international and European level, revealing how they have affected Portuguese policies aimed at preventing and combating human trafficking. It analyzes the evolution of the criminalization of trafficking in persons in the Portuguese Penal Code, since its original version to the latest. It provides an overview of the system of support and assistance to victims of trafficking and of the importance of coordination between public authorities and civil society associations. It explains how knowledge of the trafficking phenomenon is important and how the activity of the Observatory of Trafficking in Human Beings contributes to its comprehension. Lastly, it concludes with a brief background of the situation of refugees and explains how they are particularly vulnerable to trafficking networks.O presente relatório pretende retratar a realidade portuguesa face ao tráfico de pessoas. Parte da análise de três instrumentos jurídicos pilares a nível internacional e europeu, revelando de que forma interferem nas políticas portuguesas de prevenção e combate ao tráfico. Desenvolve a evolução da criminalização do tráfico de pessoas no Código Penal português, desde a versão original até à mais recente. Expõe o sistema de apoio e assistência às vítimas de tráfico e a relevância da articulação entre entidades públicas e associações da sociedade civil. Explica a importância do conhecimento do fenómeno do tráfico e de que forma a atividade do Observatório de Tráfico de Seres Humanos contribui para o mesmo. Termina com uma breve contextualização da situação dos refugiados e como se encontram especialmente vulneráveis às redes de tráfico