Sobre textos clásicos y pintura : algunas observaciones

En las páginas que siguen se discurre sobre la proximidad entre arte y literatura, y también entre semiología y fIlología como método, y se acude, sobre todo, al apoyo didáctico que estas concomitancias suponen para la impartición de la cultura clásica. Hay algo de reflexión y algo de método, pero de una y otro, sólo unas pincelada

Disentangling the formation of contrasting tree line physiognomies combining model selection and Bayesian parameterization for simulation models.

Alpine tree-line ecotones are characterized by marked changes at small spatial scales that may result in a variety of physiognomies. A set of alternative individual-based models was tested with data from four contrasting Pinus uncinata ecotones in the central Spanish Pyrenees to reveal the minimal subset of processes required for tree-line formation. A Bayesian approach combined with Markov chain Monte Carlo methods was employed to obtain the posterior distribution of model parameters, allowing the use of model selection procedures. The main features of real tree lines emerged only in models considering nonlinear responses in individual rates of growth or mortality with respect to the altitudinal gradient. Variation in tree-line physiognomy reflected mainly changes in the relative importance of these nonlinear responses, while other processes, such as dispersal limitation and facilitation, played a secondary role. Different nonlinear responses also determined the presence or absence of krummholz, in agreement with recent findings highlighting a different response of diffuse and abrupt or krummholz tree lines to climate change. The method presented here can be widely applied in individual-based simulation models and will turn model selection and evaluation in this type of models into a more transparent, effective, and efficient exercise

Revisión sistemática: Evaluación de la adherencia del tratamiento de pacientes naive con hepatitis C.

Introducción: El VHC en los seres humanos puede causar diferentes enfermedades hepáticas. La característica más significativa de la enfermedad es su alta tendencia a cronificarse. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática de estudios que evalúan la adherencia en pacientes con hepatitis C tratados con PEG-IFN/ RBV y si una mejor adherencia hace conseguir un mayor número de pacientes que obtengan una RVS. Métodos: Los datos se obtuvieron mediante la búsqueda en Pubmed de revisiones sistemáticas en inglés publicadas en los últimos 5 años, empleando como palabras claves: “VHC treatment adherence”, “Sustained Virologic Response”. Se seleccionaron los estudios que evalúan la adherencia al  tratamiento antiviral en pacientes sin coinfección con otra viremia. En una segunda búsqueda se utilizaron “telaprevir and boceprevir review”. Resultados: En especial, en los pacientes con genotipo 1, una buena adherencia aumenta significativamente RVS (63% vs 34%). Las tasas de RVS con los nuevos antivirales han logrado aumentar en relación con la terapia dual hasta un 70% en naives, 30% en no respondedores y 80% recurrentes. Conclusión: Los pacientes con genotipo 1 deben mantener una mejor adherencia que pacientes con genotipo no 1. La interrupción del tratamiento, falta de adherencia por pérdidas de dosis de PEG-INF/RBV y los efectos adversos son los principales obstáculos para alcanzar la RVS

Revisión sistemática: Evaluación de la adherencia del tratamiento de pacientes naive con hepatitis C.

Introducción: El VHC en los seres humanos puede causar diferentes enfermedades hepáticas. La característica más significativa de la enfermedad es su alta tendencia a cronificarse. Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática de estudios que evalúan la adherencia en pacientes con hepatitis C tratados con PEG-IFN/ RBV y si una mejor adherencia hace conseguir un mayor número de pacientes que obtengan una RVS. Métodos: Los datos se obtuvieron mediante la búsqueda en Pubmed de revisiones sistemáticas en inglés publicadas en los últimos 5 años, empleando como palabras claves: “VHC treatment adherence”, “Sustained Virologic Response”. Se seleccionaron los estudios que evalúan la adherencia al  tratamiento antiviral en pacientes sin coinfección con otra viremia. En una segunda búsqueda se utilizaron “telaprevir and boceprevir review”. Resultados: En especial, en los pacientes con genotipo 1, una buena adherencia aumenta significativamente RVS (63% vs 34%). Las tasas de RVS con los nuevos antivirales han logrado aumentar en relación con la terapia dual hasta un 70% en naives, 30% en no respondedores y 80% recurrentes. Conclusión: Los pacientes con genotipo 1 deben mantener una mejor adherencia que pacientes con genotipo no 1. La interrupción del tratamiento, falta de adherencia por pérdidas de dosis de PEG-INF/RBV y los efectos adversos son los principales obstáculos para alcanzar la RVS

Informe preliminar sobre la Comunidad Valenciana para el Institut für Strukturpolitik und Wirtschaftsförderung (ISW)

Informe sobre la situación de la formación profesional en la Comunidad Valenciana.Report on the situation of vocational training in Valencia

Large enhancement of thermal conductance at ambient and cryogenic temperatures by laser remelting of plasma-sprayed Al2O3 coatings on Cu

Joints of high thermal contact conductance and electrical insulation have been obtained by coating copper supports with thin alumina (Al2O3) layers (of 140–150 µm thickness). This has been achieved by a combination of plasma spraying process and the subsequent coating remelting by a near-Infrared (n-IR) laser. With a proper optimization of the laser processing conditions, it is possible to transform the metastable ¿-Al2O3 phase of the as-sprayed coatings to stable a-Al2O3, and to achieve denser alumina coatings. This results in a large enhancement of the thermal conductance of the joints, enabling their application as heat sinks at cryogenic and ambient temperatures. The process proposed in this work is scalable for the formation of alumina coatings on large metallic pieces of complex geometries. © 202

Epidemiology and spatio‐temporal analysis of West Nile virus in horses in Spain between 2010 and 2016

During the last decade, West Nile virus (WNV) outbreaks have increased sharply in both horses and human in Europe. The aims of this study were to evaluate characteristics and spatio‐temporal distribution of WNV outbreaks in horses in Spain between 2010 and 2016 in order to identify the environmental variables most associated with WNV occurrence and to generate high‐resolution WNV suitability maps to inform risk‐based surveillance strategies in this country. Between August 2010 and November 2016, a total of 403 WNV suspected cases were investigated, of which, 177 (43.9%) were laboratory confirmed. Mean values of morbidity, mortality and case fatality rates were 7.5%, 1.6% and 21.2%, respectively. The most common clinical symptoms were as follows: tiredness/apathy, recumbency, muscular tremor, ataxia, incoordination and hyperaesthesia. The outbreaks confirmed during the last 7 years, with detection of WNV RNA lineage 1 in 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015 and 2016, suggest an endemic circulation of the virus in Spain. The spatio‐temporal distribution of WNV outbreaks in Spain was not homogeneous, as most of them (92.7%) were concentrated in western part of Andalusia (southern Spain) and significant clusters were detected in this region in two non‐consecutive years. These findings were supported by the results of the space–time scan statistics permutation model. A presence‐only MaxEnt ecological niche model was used to generate a suitability map for WNV occurrence in Andalusia. The most important predictors selected by the Ecological Niche Modeling were as follows: mean annual temperature (49.5% contribution), presence of Culex pipiens (19.5% contribution), mean annual precipitation (16.1% contribution) and distance to Ramsar wetlands (14.9% contribution). Our results constitute an important step for understanding WNV emergence and spread in Spain and will provide valuable information for the development of more cost‐effective surveillance and control programmes and improve the protection of horse and human populations in WNV‐endemic areas.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Stories of teaching innovation

Desde la remodelación de los planes de estudio en la década de 1990, el profesorado que del Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Educativa de la Universidad que impartimos las asignaturas del ámbito de la Tecnología Educativa en las licenciaturas de Pedagogía y Psicopedagogía y en las diplomaturas de Educación Social y Magisterio, nos hemos caracterizado por buscar una actualización permanente tanto de los contenidos como de la forma de impartirlos. En esta trayectoria de búsqueda de nuevas formas de representar el conocimiento e interactuar con el alumnado hemos formado un grupo de innovación docente en el que participamos profesores y profesoras de 13 asignaturas de las facultades de Pedagogía, Formación del Profesorado y Bellas Artes de la misma universidad. La primera actuación de este grupo ha sido poner en marcha el proyecto de innovación docente INDAGA-T (Favoreciendo el aprendizaje autónomo y colaborativo a través de la indagación y la utilización de tecnologías digitales), que está financiado por la Universidad. La finalidad principal del proyecto es contribuir a formar licenciados universitarios con un alto grado de autonomía intelectual, creatividad, colaboración y predisposición para arriesgarse a seguir aprendiendo en su vida personal y profesional. Para conseguir esta finalidad estamos desarrollando un enfoque de formación que sigue un planteamiento construccionista y que, centrado en favorecer la creación de experiencias de aprendizaje por parte de los estudiantes, utiliza una sistema de gestión del aprendizaje digital como complemento y ampliación de los roles y las experiencias de profesores y estudiantes que quieren ser educadores. En este artículo, además de presentar las características del proyecto de formación e innovación docente INDAGA-T, nos centramos en el relato de cómo cada uno de nosotros estamos llevando a la práctica esta experiencia de formación, haciendo especial hincapié en nuestro proceso de aprendizaje y las visiones del alumnado. El seguimiento de una perspectiva narrativa de investigación nos permite construir una relación polivocal en la que se reflejan las diferentes maneras de construir una innovación.Desde a remodelação dos planos de estudo da década de 90, os professores e professoras do Departamento de Didática e Organização Educativa da Universidade que lecionamos as disciplinas de Pedagogia e Psicopedagogia nos cursos de Educação Social e Magistério, nos caracterizamos por buscar uma atualização permanente tanto dos conteúdos como da forma de trabalhá-los. Nesta trajetória de busca de novas formas de representar o conhecimento e interagir com os alunos, formamos um grupo de inovação docente no qual participam professores e professoras de 13 disciplinas das faculdades de Pedagogia, Formação do Professorado e Belas Artes da universidade. A primeira atuação deste grupo foi pôr em marcha o projeto de inovação docente INDAGA-T (favorecendo a aprendizagem autônoma e colaborativa através da indagação e da utilização das tecnologias digitais), que está financiado pela Universidade. A finalidade principal do projeto é contribuir na formação de licenciados universitários com um alto grau de autonomia intelectual, criatividade, colaboração e predisposição para arriscar-se a seguir aprendendo na sua vida pessoal e profissional. Para conseguir esta finalidade estamos desenvolvendo um enfoque construcionista de formação que, centrado em favorecer a criação de experiências de aprendizagem por parte dos alunos, utiliza um sistema de gestão da aprendizagem digital como complemento e ampliação dos papéis e das experiências de profesoores e estudantes que queiram ser educadores. Na presente comunicação, além de apresentar as características do projeto de formação e inovação docente INDAGA-T, relatamos como estamos transferindo à prática esta experiência de formação, com uma ênfase especial no nosso processo de aprendizagem e nas visões dos alunos. A adoção de uma perspectiva narrativa de pesquisa nos permite construir uma relação polivocal na qual se refletem distintas formas de construir uma inovação.Since the remodeling of the curricula in the 1990s, the teachers of the Department of Teaching and Educational Organization of the University, that we impart the subjects in the field of educational technology in the bachelor of Pedagogy and Educational Psychology, and in the professions of Social Education and Teaching, have characterized by search for a permanent update of both content and the way of administering them. In this path of search for new ways to represent knowledge and interact with the students we have formed a group of educational innovation in which we participate teachers from 13 subjects of the faculties of education, teacher training and Fine Arts at the same university. The first performance of this group has been set in motion the teaching innovation project INDAGA-T (favoring the autonomous learning and collaborative through the inquiry and the use of digital technologies), which is funded by the University. The main purpose of the project is to contribute to form university graduates with a high degree of intellectual autonomy, creativity, collaboration, and predisposition to risk to continue learning in their personal and professional life. To achieve this purpose we are developing a training approach that follows a constructionist approach and focused on fostering the development of learning experiences on the part of students, uses a system of management of the digital learning as a complement and expansion of the roles and the experiences of teachers and students who want to become educators. In this article, in addition to presenting the characteristics of the project training and teaching innovation INDAGA-T, we focus on the story of how each of us we are in the process of implementing this training experience, with special emphasis in our process of learning and the visions of the student body. The follow-up of a narrative perspective of research allows us to construct a relationship polivocal to reflect the different ways to build an innovation

Fungal bioremediation of agricultural wastewater in a long-term treatment : biomass stabilization by immobilization strategy

Acord transformatiu CRUE-CSICFungal bioremediation emerges as an effective technology for pesticide treatment, but its successful implementation depends on overcoming the problem of microbial contamination. In this regard, fungal immobilization on wood seems to be a promising strategy, but there are two main drawbacks: the predominant removal of pesticides by sorption and fungal detachment. In this study, agricultural wastewater with pesticides was treated by Trametes versicolor immobilized on wood chips in a rotary drum bioreactor (RDB) for 225 days, achieving fungal consolidation and high pesticide biodegradation through two main improvements: the use of a more favorable substrate and the modification of operating conditions. Fungal community dynamic was assessed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis and subsequent prominent band sequencing, showing a quite stable community in the RDB, mainly attributed to the presence of T. versicolor. Pesticide removals were up to 54 % diuron and 48 % bentazon throughout the treatment. Afterwards, pesticide-contaminated wood chips were treated by T. versicolor in a solid biopile-like system. Hence, these results demonstrate that the microbial contamination constraint has definitely been overcome, and fungal bioremediation technology is ready to be implemented on a larger scale

A comparison between biostimulation and bioaugmentation in a solid treatment of anaerobic sludge : drug contentent and microbial evaluation

Emerging pollutants can reach the environment through the sludge of Wastewater Treatment Plants. In this work, the use of Trametes versicolor in biopiles at lab-scale was studied, evaluating its capacity to remove the most hydrophobic Pharmaceuticals and assessing the evolution of the biopiles microbial communities. The total removal of drugs at real concentrations from sewage sludge was assessed for non-inoculated and fungal inoculated biopiles, testing if the re-inoculation of the biopiles after 22 days of treatment would improve the removal yields. It was found that 2 out of the 15 initially detected pharmaceuticals were totally degraded after 22 days, and re-inoculated fungal biopiles achieved higher removal rates than non-re-inoculated fungal biopiles for single compounds and for all the drugs simultaneously: 66.45% and 49.18% re-inoculated and non-re-inoculated biopiles, respectively. Finally, the study of the bacterial and fungal communities revealed that fungal inoculated and non-inoculated biopiles evolved to similar communities adapted to the presence of those drugs