Utilización en la actualidad de los biomarcadores en el daño renal agudo: Resumen de las Recomendaciones de la 10ª ADQI (Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative): Murray PT, Mehta RL, Shaw A et al. Current Use of Biomarkers in Acute Kidney Injury: Report and Summary of Recommendations from the 10th Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative Consensus Conference. Kidney Int 2014;85(3):513–521.

Un biomarcador se definiría como “una característica que es medida de forma objetiva y evaluada como indicador del proceso biológico normal, proceso patogénico o respuesta farmacológica a una intervención terapeútica”. Los marcadores actuales de los que disponemos para reconocer el daño renal agudo son: la cifra de creatinina sérica y el gasto urinario. La limitación del progreso en el control del daño renal está condicionada por la todavía escasa aplicación clínica de los nuevos biomarcadores. A pesar de que estos se suelen alterar antes que el nivel de creatinina sérica, hasta el momento no disponemos de recomendaciones clínicas específicas. Algunas de la cuestiones que todavía estarían por definir serían: ¿cuándo se necesitan los biomarcadores?, ¿cuál o cuáles utilizar?, ¿cómo interpretar los datos y utilizar la información para mejorar el pronóstico del paciente? En la 10ª ADQI un grupo de expertos internacionales realizó un análisis crítico tras revisar la literatura sobre su aplicación en la práctica clínica habitual y crearon unas recomendaciones basadas en el consenso para el uso de dichos marcadores. La primera parte de este artículo resume los temas discutidos y las conclusiones de la conferencia para, en un segundo tiempo, mostrar los resultados de una revisión bibliográfica realizada por los autores

Strain typing of Zygosaccharomyces yeast species using a single molecular method based on polymorphism of the intergenic spacer region (IGS)

Unlike previously reported methods that need a combination of several typing techniques, we have 22 developed a single method for strain typing of the Zygosaccharomyces bailii, Z. mellis and Z. rouxii spoilage 23 species. Strains belonging to other species have also been included for comparison. We have demonstrated 24 that the IGS-PCR RFLP method has a high discriminative power. Considering the three endonucleases used in 25 this work, we have obtained a variability of 100% for Z. mellis and Z. rouxii strains and up to 70% for Z.bailii. 26 We have also detected two misidentified Z. mellis strains (CBS 711 and CBS 7412) which have RFLP patterns 27 with a set of bands characteristic of Z. rouxii strains. Sequencing of 26S rDNA D1/D2 domains and the 5.8-ITS 28 rDNA region confirmed these strains as Z. rouxii. The method also groups three certified hybrid strains of 29 Zygosaccharomyces in a separate cluster

Electrochemical treatment of aluminium alloy 7075 in aqueous solutions of imidazolium phosphonate and phosphate ionic liquids and scratch resistance of the resultant materials

The abilitiy of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylphosphonate ([ImPhosphonate]) and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium diethylphosphate ([ImPhosphate]) ionic liquids (ILs) to interact with anodized Al7075 T6 aluminium alloy has been studied via electrochemical techniques under different applied potentials, inside and outside the passivation regions. SEM, EDX and XPS analysis have been used to study the composition of the surface coatings. The abrasion resistance after treatment with the ILs has been studied by scratch tests under progressive load, and compared with the performance of the unprotected material and the anodized alloy. While conventional anodization only improves the abrasion resistance of Al7075 in a 30%, the maximum reduction of the penetration depth, 86% with respect to Al7075 and 79% with respect to the anodized alloy, is obtained for the material treated with [ImPhosphonate] at 1 V, in the passivation region. Under these conditions, a phosphorus-containing alumina layer is formed. Applied voltages outside the passivation region for each IL activate the dissolution of the alumina layer and reduce abrasion resistance, not only with respect to the anodized material, but also with respect to the unprotected alloy.This work received the financial support of the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO, Spain) and the EU FEDER Program (Grant MAT2014-55384-P), and the Fundación Séneca, Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnología de la Región de Murcia for a “Ayuda a las Unidades y Grupos de Excelencia Científica de la Región de Murcia (Programa Séneca 2014)” (Grant 19877/GERM/14)

Teachers' attitudes about the innovation with multisensorial ICT tools in inclusive environments

Existe evidencia de que el uso de juegos digitales basados en herramientas multisensoriales proporciona beneficios en diferentes dimensiones del aprendizaje del alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales. Sin embargo, el uso de estas herramientas en aulas de infantil y primaria para favorecer la inclusión de dicho alumnado no ha sido tratado en profundidad. El trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar de qué modo la participación de un grupo de docentes en un programa de desarrollo profesional centrado en la integración en el aula de juegos basados en tecnologías multisensoriales, contribuyó a hacer evolucionar sus actitudes sobre la adopción de estas tecnologías en contextos escolares desde una perspectiva inclusiva. En esta investigación se ha empleado un método mixto con estrategia secuencial explicativa. Las técnicas e instrumentos empleados, entrevistas y cuestionarios, nos han permitido recabar datos sobre la evolución de las preocupaciones docentes tras la formación recibida en el marco del Proyecto Europeo INTELed. Los resultados muestran que los docentes otorgaron gran valor a las colaboraciones surgidas en el proyecto, y experimentaron una evolución hacia mayores grados de preocupación en relación con la sostenibilidad y la transferencia de este tipo de innovaciones en el aula.There is evidence that the use of digital games based on multisensory tools provides benefits in different dimensions of learning for students with special educational needs. However, the use of these tools in early childhood and primary education classrooms to promote the inclusion of such students has not been treated in depth. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the participation of a group of teachers in a professional development program focused on the integration in the classroom of games based on multisensory technologies contributed to the evolution of their attitudes about the adoption of these technologies in school contexts from an inclusive perspective. In this research, a mixed method with a sequential explanatory strategy has been used. The techniques and instruments used, interviews and questionnaires, have allowed us to collect data on the evolution of the concerns that arose after the training received in the framework of the European project INTELed. The results show that the teachers highly valued the collaborations that emerged during the project, and that they experienced an evolution towards higher levels of concern regarding sustainability and transfer in this type of innovations in the classroom.peerReviewe

Influence of sliding frequency on reciprocating wear of mold steel with different microstructures. Poster

Large forged steel blooms are employed to fabricate molds for plastics used in the automotive industry. Each mold is expected to produce a few millions of pieces in its life. Wear under service conditions may be severe and may combine with other stresses to cause crack nucleation and failure. The present manufacturing process consists of machining pre-hardened blooms. The dimensions of the blooms use to exceed the hardenability of the steel, thus different microstructures occur at increasing depths, all of them being affected by the subsequent tempering. Due to finishing operations, any of the microstructures occurring at different positions in the original bloom can be found at the mold face. Thus, steel properties and wear resistance should be studied as a function of the microstructure.We thank MEC (Spain), EU FEDER (MAT2005-00067, MAT2008-01670) for financial support

Development of species-specific primers for rapid identification of Debaryomyces hansenii

In this work, we developed a specific PCR assay for Debaryomyces hansenii strains that uses a putative homologous PAD1 region (729 bp) present in this yeast species as a target. The amplification of this sequence with the D. hansenii specific primer pair (DhPADF/DhPADR) was found to be a rapid, specific and an affordable method enabling identification of D. hansenii from other yeast strains. Primers were tested in almost 100 strains, 49 strains from Type Culture Collection belonging to the genus Debaryomyces and to other yeast species commonly found in foods or related genera. These primers were able to discriminate between closely related species of Debaryomyces, such as Debaryomyces fabryi and Debaryomyces subglobosus, with a 100% detection rate for D. hansenii. Also, the method was tested in 45 strains from different foods. Results confirmed the specificity of the PCR method and detected two earlier misidentifications of D. hansenii strains obtained by RFLP analysis of the 5.8S ITS rDNA region. Subsequently we confirmed by sequencing the D1/D2 domain of 26S rDNA that these strains belonged to D. fabryi. We call attention in this work to the fact that the RFLPs of the 5.8S ITS rDNA profiles of D. hansenii, D. fabryi and D. subglobosus are the same and this technique will thus lead to incorrect identifications

Impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the cognitive functioning of patients institutionalized in nursing homes

[EN] Background COVID-19 disease affected the cognitive level of institutionalized patients in nursing homes, especially in the older subjects regardless of gender. This study aims to assess cognitive impairment using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) before and after COVID-19 infection, and to determine whether these changes varied based on gender. Methods A pre- and post-COVID-19 study was conducted, involving 68 geriatric patients (34 men and 34 women) from two nursing homes. Cognitive impairment was assessed using the MMSE. Results COVID-19 infection had a notable impact on the cognitive health of older adults residing in nursing homes,primarily attributed to the social isolation they experienced. This effect was more pronounced in older individuals. A comparison of the MMSE results by gender before and after contracting COVID-19 revealed significant differences in attention and calculation, with women obtaining the worst score before the virus. However, following their recovery from the virus, men demonstrated significantly lower scores in time and space orientation and evocation. Conclusion COVID-19 has led to a decline in cognitive functioning, significantly worsening the mental state of older individuals, even after recovery from the virus. Consequently, it is crucial to implement proactive measures to prevent isolation and safeguard the cognitive well-being of this vulnerable population.S

Descriptive analysis of a series of 32 upper urinary tract tumors in a second level hospital

Introducción: El objetivo del estudio es analizar, basándonos en los pacientes tratados en nuestro servicio de tumores del tracto urinario superior, las características epidemiológicas y clínicas así como las variables que han influido en la evolución y mortalidad de estos pacientes. Materiales y Métodos: Se analizaron retrospectivamente 32 pacientes diagnosticados de tumores del tracto urinario superior en el Hospital comarcal Santa Ana de Motril (Granada), en el periodo comprendido entre enero del 2003 y diciembre del 2013. Resultados: La edad media fue de 72,25 años. El 75% eran hombres y el 25% mujeres. El 71.9% eran hipertensos, el 46.9% fumadores. El 18.8% presentaba un tumor vesical en el momento del diagnóstico. El 90.6% debutó con hematuria. El 53.1% se localizó en el lado derecho y el 43.8% en el izquierdo. El 25% se desarrollaron en los cálices, el 46.8% en la pelvis renal y el 50% a nivel ureteral. El estadio anatomopatológico al diagnóstico fue: 6.3% Ta, 25% T1, 28.1% T2, 37.5% T3 y 3.1% T4. El 21.9% eran grado I, el 34.4% grado II y el 43.8% grado III. No se observó recidiva tumoral en ningún paciente, siendo la mortalidad cáncer -específica del 0%. En 8 pacientes se diagnosticó un tumor vesical durante su seguimiento. La media de estancia hospitalaria fue de 7 días. Conclusiones: A pesar de ser una casuística limitada los resultados obtenidos son satisfactorios independientemente de la técnica quirúrgica empleada, al ser la supervivencia libre de enfermedad en el periodo de seguimiento del 100% y la mortalidad cáncer-específica del 0%.Introduction: The aim of the study is to analyze, based on patients treated in our department of upper urinary tract tumors, epidemiological and clinical characteristics as well as the variables that have influenced the evolution and mortality of these patients Material and methods: 32 patients diagnosed of upper urinary tract tumors in Santa Ana Hospital of Motril (Granada) between January 2003 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The mean age was 72.25 years. 75% were male and 25% female. 71.9% were hypertensive, 46.9% were smokers. 18.8% had a bladder tumor at diagnosis. 90.6% debuted with hematuria.53.1% was located on the right side and 43.8% on the left. 25% were developed in the chalices, 46.8% in the renal pelvis and ureteral 50%.The pathologic stage at diagnosis: 6.3% Ta, 25% T1, 28.1% T2, 37.5% T3 and 3.1% T4. 21.9% were grade I, grade II 34.4% and 43.8% grade III. No tumor recurrence was observed in any patient being cancer -specific mortality of 0%. In 8 patients bladder tumor was diagnosed during follow-up. The mean hospital stay was 7 days. Conclusions: Despite being limited casuistry the results are satisfactory regardless of the surgical technique used, being disease-free survival in the follow-up period of 100% and cancer-specific mortality of 0%