TIAMULIN RESIDUE DEPLETION IN PORK AND PIG LIVER

Tiamulin is a semi-synthetic derivate of Pleuromutilin antibiotic, produced by Pleurotus mutilus, active against mycoplasmas, treponemas, leptospires, Gram positive and negative germs. The aim of the study was the study of tiamulin residues in pork and pig liver in order to establish the withdrawal period. To accomplish this purpose, it was developed a study regarding the Tiamulin residue depletion as a consequence of Tiagen 80% product administering in pigs, in a dose of 12 mg / kg / day during 5 days. After the treatment, there were slaughtered 10 animals in the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th and 7th day and there were collected samples from muscles and liver. After processing, these samples were analyzed by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography method (HPLC). After these determinations, it was noticed that the best representation of residual depletion in pork and pig liver is the polynomial equation and the Tiamulin concentration is lower than MRL after 6 days in pork and 5 days in liver

The Monitoring of Vital Functions in Different Associations of General Injectable Anesthetics in Dogs

The discovery of new anesthetics, more effective and less toxic, gave veterinarians the possibility to successfully intervene in resolving the most different situations encountered in their activity. This study consisted in monitoring respiratory frequency, cardiac frequency and body temperature in patients anesthetized and then subdued to different surgical interventions. The researches were carried on 20 dogs of different breeds, ages and sexes, diagnosed with different types of diseases, which needed surgical treatment under the effect of anesthesia. There were selected patients in which pain intensity associated with surgical intervention was relatively equal. Anesthesia protocols consisted mainly in the association of two substances: xylazine + ketamine – in 5 cases; medetomidine + ketamine – in 5 cases; acepromazine + ketamine – in 5 cases; propofol – in 5 cases. In case of anesthesia induced by xylazine-ketamine combination, it was observed a slight tendency to bradycardia, respiratory frequency oscillations and the decrease of body temperature (tendency to hypothermia). Medetomidine-ketamine association determined cardiac frequency oscillations (without a particular tendency), an initial increase of respiratory frequency followed by come-back to normal and a slight decrease of body temperature. Using acepromazine-ketamine combination, the studied parameters varied under acceptable limits during anesthesia. Propofol ensured good conditions for surgical interventions, with the observations that the anesthetic effect is short and it requires supplementary safety measures in order to avoid the appearance of respiratory disorders. The selection of anesthetic substances must be done considering patient-related factors, the purpose of anesthesia and the available equipments

THE DIAGNOSIS OF FLEA BITE HYPERSENSITIVITY IN DOG – METHODS AND TECHNIQUES

Flea bite hypersensitivity is an allergic reaction to the bites of dog-flea (Ctenocephalides canis), cat-flea (Ctenocephalides felis) or human-flea (Pulex irritans

Study Concerning the Efficacy of Some Phytotherapeutic Products in Hepatobiliary Diseases in Dogs

Untreated correctly and in time, hepatobiliary diseases, with extremely complex and intricate etiology and pathogenesis, can lead to chronic and degenerative lesions. In this context, antihepatotoxic action of active substances from plants can be used to reduce these processes. The purpose of this study was to observe the efficacy of some plant-derived products with liver-protecting action used in the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases in dogs. Thus, there were performed clinical, echographical and biochemical investigations upon 15 dogs of different breeds and ages, which presented clinical signs specific to hepatobiliary disorders (Codreanu and Diaconescu, 2003). The main modality to investigate liver function was the biochemical exam of blood, which was performed at the beginning of treatment (Dial, 1995; Kramer and Hoffman, 1997). The used phytotherapeutic commercial products were Liv 52, Silimarina and Farcovit B12. These products were administered in doses of 1-2 tablets/10 kg b.w. for different periods of time (30-91 days), until the disappearance of clinical signs; at that time, there were repeated biochemical and echographic exams. The main biochemical parameters that were studied were: GPT (ALT), GOT (AST), GGT, alkaline phosphatase (AP), cholesterol and triglycerides

Studies on the Therapy with Quinolones in some Bacterial Diseases in Dogs and Cats

Currently, the most used antibacterial substances include fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin), which can be administered both orally and injectable, being active against most aerobic Gram-negative bacteria and moderately active against aerobic Gram-positive bacteria. In this study it was evaluated the effectiveness and frequency of quinolones use in the treatment of various bacterial infections in dogs and cats, respectively urinary infections and dermatitis. The study was conducted on 22 dogs and cats with bacterial dermatitis and urinary disorders. Following pathogen susceptibility tests, it was found that the isolated bacterial species were sensitive to quinolones, which were considered the first choice of therapeutic schemes. The results confirmed that the use of quinolones is an alternative to the current antibacterial battle

The Sensitivity of Psittacine Isolated Pseudomonas Strains towards Antibiotics

Avian Pseudomonas disease evolves in an acute or chronic form on cage birds and involves difficulties concerning establishing an optimal therapeutical conduct. Due to the risk of transmission to other individuals, and also to the personnel involved directly in care and treatment of ill animals, it is very important to rapidly institute an adequate therapy in order to assure the rapid limitation of pseudomonads transmission to humans or other animals. These facts constitute the base of the initialization of different studies on some different Pseudomonas spp. strains sensitivity, these being isolated from several clinical aviary cases (especially psittacines), in comparison to the different groups and types of antibiotics used currently in the treatment scheme of birds. Considering the investigations performed, the conclusion is that, even though the latest cephalosporins and fluoroquinolons have a maximum efficiency towards some of the strains, these registered also the antibiotic resistance phenomenon, in a strong proportion (41,8 to 94,12 % from the tested strains). There have been obtained constant results considering streptomycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, associated with clavulanic acid, doxicycline and tetracycline

THE DEPLETION OF DOXYCYCLINE RESIDUES IN POULTRY MEAT

The many unhealthy substances and their effects upon human organism established that the assessment of the food products residues represent a desiderate for risk elimination, because these residues, in certain conditions, can affect the consumers health status. The presence of antibiotics in animal origin food products has a special toxicological interest due to their primary and secondary effects upon human beings health. The purpose of this research consisted in the detection of doxycycline residues in poultry meat in order to establish waiting period. The product Doxicol 60% powder contains doxycycline and it was administered in an amount of 200 g / 1000 liters of drinking water to a chicken group in unit A for 8 days. During the experiment until the slaughtering, it was monitored the chicken health status and there were not administered other drugs in feeds. Starting the first day after treatment’s interruption and finishing with the 6th day, there were slaughtered daily 3-5 chickens. There were sampled muscle samples, which were packed, individualized and sealed and the doxycycline residues were detected by high performance liquid chromatography. The researches revealed that doxycycline residues decrease gradually and balanced during the studied six days. After six days, the levels of doxycycline residues are placed under maximum admitted limits (100 µg/kg) and in some situations they even tend to zero. Also, it was noticed that, by calculating the doxycycline residue levels using logarithmic equation, the values are very close to the real ones, which can indicate that the logarithmic equation can be used to calculate doxycycline residues in poultry meat

Studies on the Use of Extra-Pituitary Gonadotropins in Genital Disorders in Bitch

Infertility in bitch is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations depending on the disorders of reproductive system. Adjusting of ovarian hormonal activity is achieved by direct or indirect interconnection with other neuro-endocrine structures of hypothalamic-pituitary system. In the present study we aimed, based on the administration of pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) combination, the induction of ovulatory oestrus in 10 bitches diagnosed with anoestrus. There were applied 2 therapeutic protocols. Therapeutic protocol no. 1 consisted of the administration for 9 consecutive days of 20 IU/Kg/day of PMSG, followed by the injection of an ovulatory dose of hCG - 500 IU/animal in the 10th day. Therapeutic protocol no. 2 consisted of the administration for 5 consecutive days of 20 IU/Kg/day of PMSG, followed by the injection of an ovulatory dose of hCG - 500 IU/animal in the 6th day. The results obtained in the two protocols were different. Rates of ovulation in bitches in the first protocol was higher compared to the ones of the second protocol

The Depletion of Enrofloxacin Residues in Pork Meat

The consequences of drug residues’ presence in animal organism and food products of animal origin represent an actual problem, due to the high diversity of drugs used for therapy. The presence of residues in food products is accepted under some maximum residues limits (MRLs) that are strictly established and accepted for each type of molecule. The aim of this research was the comparative study of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin residues depletion in pork after the administration to pigs of two enrofloxacin pharmaceutical forms (oral solution 10% and powder 40%), for 5 days, in the manufacturer’s recommended doses. The pigs were slaughtered at various time intervals after treatment’s interruption; the samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography method (HPLC). Considering the pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin (ciprofloxacin is a metabolite of enrofloxacin), residues level in pork was presented as sum of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in mg/kg. After the administration of enrofloxacin to pigs, the depletion of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin residues in pork meat was generally balanced, but the biggest amount of enrofloxacin wass eliminated especially during the first days after treatment’s interruption. In the case of enrofloxacin, the determined withdrawal period for pork meat was 6-8 days, depending on the pharmaceutical form and the concentration of the drug

Comparative Study Considering the Therapeutical Conduct in Psittacine Pseudomonads

A comparative study was performed to assess the efficiency of more approaches for a total number of 158 clinical cases with pseudomonads. For all these cases, the diagnostic of this disease was confirmed by using bacteriological examination methods. The therapy included the administration of several types of antibiotics, chemotherapeutical substances and vitamins, for some cases even anti-inflammatory substances. The proficiency results were observed after the vitamins’ administration associated with the therapy with antibiotics, for a relative long period of time (Enrofloxacin, Streptomycin with Penicillin, Colistin-sulphite etc., administrated for 15 – 21 days) and anti-inflammatory-therapy (Dexamethasone)