17,157 research outputs found
Effective g-factor in Majorana Wires
We use the effective g-factor of subgap states, g*, in hybrid InAs nanowires
with an epitaxial Al shell to investigate how the superconducting density of
states is distributed between the semiconductor core and the metallic shell. We
find a step-like reduction of g* and improved hard gap with reduced carrier
density in the nanowire, controlled by gate voltage. These observations are
relevant for Majorana devices, which require tunable carrier density and g*
exceeding the g-factor of the proximitizing superconductor. Additionally, we
observe the closing and reopening of a gap in the subgap spectrum coincident
with the appearance of a zero-bias conductance peak
Structured Prediction of Sequences and Trees using Infinite Contexts
Linguistic structures exhibit a rich array of global phenomena, however
commonly used Markov models are unable to adequately describe these phenomena
due to their strong locality assumptions. We propose a novel hierarchical model
for structured prediction over sequences and trees which exploits global
context by conditioning each generation decision on an unbounded context of
prior decisions. This builds on the success of Markov models but without
imposing a fixed bound in order to better represent global phenomena. To
facilitate learning of this large and unbounded model, we use a hierarchical
Pitman-Yor process prior which provides a recursive form of smoothing. We
propose prediction algorithms based on A* and Markov Chain Monte Carlo
sampling. Empirical results demonstrate the potential of our model compared to
baseline finite-context Markov models on part-of-speech tagging and syntactic
parsing
Does the Performance on Principles of Economics Courses Affect the Overall Academic Success of Undergraduate Business Majors?
Using a sample of 1,339 graduates from an accredited business school and the maximum likelihood technique, this paper explores the relationship between overall academic success and performance on the Principles of Economics courses. The estimated model, which also includes some demographic variables, shows that the rank of professors teaching the course, age of students, and the number of credits earned do not influence business majors' overall academic success. However, the grades earned on the Principles of Economics courses, gender, ethnicity, the major in which the student is enrolled, the number of years the student takes to graduate, as well as whether or not the student is completing a minor significantly affect the overall academic success or the final GPA of business majors.
Reexamining the Impact of Employee Relocation Assistance on Housing Prices
In this paper, we reexamine the issue of whether corporate relocation assistance programs for transferred employees significantly affect sale prices of single-family homes. We estimate a hedonic price equation that includes physical housing characteristics, location factors, occupancy status, and type of seller for a sample of 2,441 transactions. Seller types include (a) transferred employees who were given direct relocation assistance, (b) transferred employees who were not given direct relocation assistance, and (c) sellers who were not facing an employment transfer. After controlling for vacancy and tenant occupancy, we find that houses sold by transferred employees who receive direct relocation assistance exhibit no significant price differential, but that houses sold by transferred employees who do not receive direct relocation assistance sell at a discount of approximately 3%.
Aberrations in shift-invariant linear optical imaging systems using partially coherent fields
Here the role and influence of aberrations in optical imaging systems
employing partially coherent complex scalar fields is studied. Imaging systems
require aberrations to yield contrast in the output image. For linear
shift-invariant optical systems, we develop an expression for the output
cross-spectral density under the space-frequency formulation of statistically
stationary partially coherentfields. We also develop expressions for the output
cross{spectral density and associated spectral density for weak-phase,
weak-phase-amplitude, and single-material objects in one transverse spatial
dimension
Modeling Disordered Quantum Systems with Dynamical Networks
It is the purpose of the present article to show that so-called network
models, originally designed to describe static properties of disordered
electronic systems, can be easily generalized to quantum-{\em dynamical}
models, which then allow for an investigation of dynamical and spectral
aspects. This concept is exemplified by the Chalker-Coddington model for the
Quantum Hall effect and a three-dimensional generalization of it. We simulate
phase coherent diffusion of wave packets and consider spatial and spectral
correlations of network eigenstates as well as the distribution of
(quasi-)energy levels. Apart from that it is demonstrated how network models
can be used to determine two-point conductances. Our numerical calculations for
the three-dimensional model at the Metal-Insulator transition point delivers
among others an anomalous diffusion exponent of .
The methods presented here in detail have been used partially in earlier work.Comment: 16 pages, Rev-TeX. to appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys.
Decay of nuclear hyperpolarization in silicon microparticles
We investigate the low-field relaxation of nuclear hyperpolarization in
undoped and highly doped silicon microparticles at room temperature following
removal from high field. For nominally undoped particles, two relaxation time
scales are identified for ambient fields above 0.2 mT. The slower, T_1s, is
roughly independent of ambient field; the faster, T_1f, decreases with
increasing ambient field. A model in which nuclear spin relaxation occurs at
the particle surface via a two-electron mechanism is shown to be in good
agreement with the experimental data, particularly the field-independence of
T_1s. For boron-doped particles, a single relaxation time scale is observed.
This suggests that for doped particles, mobile carriers and bulk ionized
acceptor sites, rather than paramagnetic surface states, are the dominant
relaxation mechanisms. Relaxation times for the undoped particles are not
affected by tumbling in a liquid solution.Comment: related papers at http://marcuslab.harvard.ed
Accuracy of numerical relativity waveforms from binary neutron star mergers and their comparison with post-Newtonian waveforms
We present numerical relativity simulations of nine-orbit equal-mass binary
neutron star covering the quasicircular late inspiral and merger. The extracted
gravitational waveforms are analyzed for convergence and accuracy. Second order
convergence is observed up to contact, i.e. about 3-4 cycles to merger; error
estimates can be made up to this point. The uncertainties on the phase and the
amplitude are dominated by truncation errors and can be minimized to 0.13 rad
and less then 1%, respectively, by using several simulations and extrapolating
in resolution. In the latter case finite-radius extraction uncertainties become
a source of error of the same order and have to be taken into account. The
waveforms are tested against accuracy standards for data analysis. The
uncertainties on the waveforms are such that accuracy standards are generically
not met for signal-to-noise ratios relevant for detection, except for some best
cases using extrapolation from several runs. A detailed analysis of the errors
is thus imperative for the use of numerical relativity waveforms from binary
neutron stars in quantitative studies. The waveforms are compared with the
post-Newtonian Taylor T4 approximants both for point-particle and including the
analytically known tidal corrections. The T4 approximants accumulate
significant phase differences of 2 rad at contact and 4 rad at merger,
underestimating the influence of finite size effects. Tidal signatures in the
waveforms are thus important at least during the last six orbits of the merger
process.Comment: Physical Review D (Vol.85, No.10) 201
Tunneling Spectroscopy of Quasiparticle Bound States in a Spinful Josephson Junction
The spectrum of a segment of InAs nanowire, confined between two
superconducting leads, was measured as function of gate voltage and
superconducting phase difference using a third normal-metal tunnel probe.
Sub-gap resonances for odd electron occupancy---interpreted as bound states
involving a confined electron and a quasiparticle from the superconducting
leads, reminiscent of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov states---evolve into Kondo-related
resonances at higher magnetic fields. An additional zero bias peak of unknown
origin is observed to coexist with the quasiparticle bound states.Comment: Supplementary information available here:
https://dl.dropbox.com/u/1742676/Chang_Sup.pd
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