A study on functional and radiological outcome of complex tibial plateau fractures by posteromedial plating

Background: In orthopaedic practice, three column concept and fixation for proximal tibia are becoming popular as it was proved that fixation of posterior column is a must for proper weight transmission and stability. This study demonstrates the use of the posteromedial surgical approach to the knee in treating patients with complex tibial plateau injuries with a posteromedial column fracture. The aim of the study was to study the functional and radiological outcome of complex tibial plateau fracture by posteromedial plating.Methods: This is a prospective study involving 20 patients with complex tibial condyle fractures with posterior column fractures. Preoperative computed tomography is taken with radiography for complete evaluation of fracture fragments even in the coronal plane. Fractures were classified as Schatzker type 4 or above with a posteromedial split depression. Plating is done with posteromedial locking compression for buttressing posteromedial fragment. The outcome of surgery was evaluated using the Oxford knee scoring system. Longest follow up of study is 2 years.Results: All fractures healed within 6 months without any secondary displacements or secondary osteoarthritis. Out of 20 patients 16 patients have the postoperative anatomic reduction (0 mm step off) 2 had an acceptable reduction of <2 mm step off. At 4-12 months median range of flexion 135*(125-145*). The mean Oxford knee score was 25-33.Conclusions: Fixation of posteromedial fragment in a complex tibial condyle fracture is a must as it involves posterior column. Using a locking compression plate provides perfect fracture fixation and thereby more stability to knee joint & better functional outcome

A Hybrid Technique for Enhancing Data Security

The worldwide information and technology has an astounding dependency o n data s e c u r i t y . The r i s k fabricated by the interloper has been a maelstrom for forthcoming specialists. Security pl ay s an essential role in governing the data transfer. The primary objective of this paper is to propose a black box approach which generates a modified plain text from the original message. For this purpose, we have used techniques like Perturbation, Swapping and Shifting which will modify the original plain text. Before giving the plain text directly into encryption process, the m o d i f i e d plain text obtained f r o m above techniques will be given as an input. The complexity of breaking the plain text is increased by applying the above techniques. For experimental purpose, w e use AES algorithm for encryption and d e c r y p t i o n and Java is used for implementing t h e proposed a p p r o a c h . © 2018 Academic Press. All Rights Reserved

A Hybrid Technique for Enhancing Data Security

The worldwide information and technology has an astounding dependency o n data s e c u r i t y . The r i s k fabricated by the interloper has been a maelstrom for forthcoming specialists. Security pl ay s an essential role in governing the data transfer. The primary objective of this paper is to propose a black box approach which generates a modified plain text from the original message. For this purpose, we have used techniques like Perturbation, Swapping and Shifting which will modify the original plain text. Before giving the plain text directly into encryption process, the m o d i f i e d plain text obtained f r o m above techniques will be given as an input. The complexity of breaking the plain text is increased by applying the above techniques. For experimental purpose, w e use AES algorithm for encryption and d e c r y p t i o n and Java is used for implementing t h e proposed a p p r o a c h . © 2018 Academic Press. All Rights Reserved

Quantum measurement arrow of time and fluctuation relations for measuring spin of ultracold atoms

The origin of macroscopic irreversibility from microscopically time-reversible dynamical laws—often called the arrow-of-time problem—is of fundamental interest in both science and philosophy. Experimentally probing such questions in quantum theory requires systems with near-perfect isolation from the environment and long coherence times. Ultracold atoms are uniquely suited to this task. We experimentally demonstrate a striking parallel between the statistical irreversibility of wavefunction collapse and the arrow of time problem in the weak measurement of the quantum spin of an atomic cloud. Our experiments include statistically rare events where the arrow of time is inferred backward; nevertheless we provide evidence for absolute irreversibility and a strictly positive average arrow of time for the measurement process, captured by a fluctuation theorem. We further demonstrate absolute irreversibility for measurements performed on a quantum many-body entangled wavefunction—a unique opportunity afforded by our platform—with implications for studying quantum many-body dynamics and quantum thermodynamics

Gain Enhancement of Horn Antenna Using Meta Surface Lens

Three dimensional meta surface lens is proposed to improve the gain and beam shaping of horn antenna. Hence an array of SRR as a meta surface lens has been designed, fabricated and investigated. This meta surface lens can be used to convert the spherical wave to plane wave for a wide range of frequency. It is proved by permeability and permittivity of meta surface. In this work the operating bandwidth of the proposed antenna is in the range of 9GHz to 11GHz for satellite application. The radiation pattern of E and H plane is sharpened in this work. The antenna 3dB beam width, and front to back ratio were 9.2, 28dB at 10GHz. The radiation characteristics of horn antenna with meta surface have been studied numerically and confirmed experimentally, showing an average gain improvement of ~3dB with respect to horn antenna without meta surface lens

IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF VARIOUS POTENCIES OF HOMEOPATHIC DRUG THUJA AGAINST MOLDS INVOLVED IN MYCOTIC KERATITIS

Objective: Isolation and characterisation of clinically isolated fungi from mycotic keratitis and exploration of the in vitro efficacy of various potencies of homeopathic preparations of Thuja occidentalis on the ocular fungal isolates. Methods: Clinical samples were collected from fungal keratitis patients attending a tertiary eye care hospital in Coimbatore, Tamilnadu state, India. The scrapings were also subjected to Gram staining and 10% KOH mount to detect the presence of fungal hyphae. The fungal isolates were subjected to lacto phenol cotton blue (LCB) mount employing cello tape flag method. Homeopathic drug Thuja occidentalis with various potencies viz., Q, 30 C, 200 C, 1 M, 10 M and 50 M were investigated for the growth inhibition of various fungal isolates by plate assay method. Further, a follow up analyses with varying dilutions of Q and 10 M homeopathic potencies of Thuja was carried out for the determination of minimum inhibitory concentration of both microdilution and minimum fungicidal concentration for the Biopolaris isolates. Results: Out of 35 samples analysed, Fusarium spp. (n=5), Aspergillus flavus (n=6), Bipolaris spp. (n=3), Exserohilum spp. (n=3) and Curvularia spp (n=3) were identified. All the potencies of Thuja had good inhibitory activity against Bipolaris spp., followed by Curvularia spp., Exserohilum spp. and Aspergillus flavus. Statistical analysis revealed significant inhibition of all the test isolates by Thuja Q and 50 M. Significant growth inhibition was exhibited by Thuja 30, 200 C, I M for Bipolaris, Exserohilum & A. flavus isolate and Thuja 10 M for all the isolates tested except Fusaria. It was revealed that for the Biopolaris isolates BS1, BS2, BS3 Thuja 10 M and Thuja Q had MIC and MFC of 0.125/10[20,00]0& 0.0625/10 and 0.25/10[20][00]0 & 0.125/10, respectively. Conclusion: The present investigation concludes that homeopathic drug Thuja has good inhibitory activity against the fungi causing keratitis, irrespective of the potencies. It is evident that no definite co-relation exists between various potencies of the same homeopathic drug with regard to their antimycotic properties