Study of side effects of Thiophanate-methyl fungicide on aesthetic and structural properties of ‎paper

‎ The most of the fungicide‏ ‏that are used to prevent or stop the biological destruction of the historical papers have been used ‎at the first time in domains of science and industrial So thiophanate methyl which is most useful in agriculture, have been ‎tested in repairing and protection of papers and it’s one of the most useful materials in agriculture antifungals.The main ‎aim of this research was assessment of aesthetic and structural effects on paper after treatment by Thiophanate-methyl ‎compound. Experimental method (laboratory experience) and library study wre applied in this research. ATR-FTIR spectra ‎showed that spray of Thiophanate-methyl on paper did not produce any degradation effect. The compound had not ‎changed aesthetical properties and pH values. Tensile strength of paper did not reduce due to the treatment. This indicates ‎nondestructive effects of Thiophanate-methyl on paper which signifies its great capability for application in conservation ‎and restoration of paper.

The assessment of antifungal effect of Thiophanate-methyl on Paper destructive fungi and ‎its application in conservation paper works

Paper works are more attacked by biological agents such as fungi, bacteria and insects due to its organic nature. In ‎archives, most of the biological destruction of paper is related to fungi. The importance of paper works ‎conservation has led to applying different methods to fungus removal. The chemical disinfection is of of the most ‎common disinfection methods. In this research, the application of Thiophanate methyl in paper destructive fungi ‎has been studied. Laboratory studies to evaluate the effects of Thiophanate methyl on paper and fungus include ‎accelerated ageing, the evaluation of effectiveness of antifungal Thiophanate methyl on fungi such as ‎Aspergillusniger, Aspergillusflavus and Penicilliurnsp and determination of antifungal stability after accelerated ‎ageing. Examination shows that Thiophanate methyl has successfully prevented spread of fungus in all density of ‎‏10‏‎, ‎‏50‏‎, ‎‏100,200‏‎ and ‎‏500‏‎ ppm. Aspergillus flavus fungus had a slight growth at ‎‏10‏‎ ppm, but no growth were ‎observed in other density. Aspergillusniger fungus had no growth capacity in density more than ‎‏100‏‎ ppm. ‎According to the results, treated papers are still able to control fungus growth after being in accelerated ageing ‎condition. In general, the results obtained by fungus growth halo and non-growth halo indicate that all fungi are ‎controllable in density of ‎‏200‏‎ ppm.