4,886 research outputs found
Effect of passive evaporative cooler on physio -chemical properties of hot water treated Solanum melongena L.
Abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of passive evaporative cooler on storage behavior - that is visual appearance, physiological loss in weight (PLW), color development, firmness, total soluble solids (TSS) and pH level of hot water treated eggplant fruit (Solanum melongena L.). Fresh harvested fruits were treated with hot water at 45°C for 1 h. The highest percentage of PLW (2.39%) was the fruit stored at ambient temperature of 25°C for nine days whereas the lowest percentage of weight loss (2.27%) was the fruit stored inside the passive evaporative cooler. In all cases, the decreasing rate of lightness (L* value) and increasing rate of greenness (a* value) and yellowness (b* value) of the hot water treated fruits were almost negligible. Firmness value of the fruits stored inside the passive evaporative cooler was found almost constant, while it reduced in fruits which stored at ambient temperature. Furthermore, higher TSS and lower pH value were observed in those fruits which were stored inside the passive evaporative cooler. In conclusion, the shelf life and quality of eggplant fruits can be extended using passive evaporative cooler. Keywords: fruit storage, fruit postharvest, freshness quality, shelf lif
Depositional constraints and age of metamorphism in southern India: U-Pb chemical (EMPA) and isotopic (SIMS) ages from the Trivandrum Block
We report UāPb electron microprobe (zircon and monazite) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) UāPb (zircon) ages from a granulite-facies metapelite and a garnetābiotite gniess from Chittikara, a classic locality within the Trivandrum Block of southern India. The majority of the electron-microprobe data on zircons from the metapelite define apparent ages between 1500 and 2500 Ma with a prominent peak at 2109Ā±22 Ma, although some of the cores are as old as 3070 Ma. Zircon grains with multiple age zoning are also detected with 2500ā3700 Ma cores, 1380ā1520 mantles and 530ā600 Ma outer rims. Some homogeneous and rounded zircon cores yielded late Neoproterozoic ages that suggest that deposition within the Trivandrum Block belt was younger than 610 Ma. The outermost rims of these grains are characterized by early Cambrian ages suggesting metamorphic overgrowth at this time. The apparent ages of monazite grains from this locality reveal multiple provenance and polyphase metamorphic history, similar to those of the zircons. In a typical case, Palaeoproterozoic cores (1759ā1967 Ma) are enveloped by late Neoproterozoic rims (562ā563 Ma), which in turn are mantled by an outermost thin Cambrian rim ([similar]515 Ma). PbO v. ThO*2 plots for monazites define broad isochrons, with cores indicating a rather imprecise age of 1913Ā±260 Ma (MSWD=0.80) and late Neoproterozoic/Cambrian cores as well as thin rims yielding a well-defined isochron with an age of 557Ā±19 Ma (MSWD=0.82). SIMS UāPb isotopic data on zircons from the garnetābiotite gneiss yield a combined core/rim imprecise discordia line between 2106Ā±37 Ma and 524Ā±150 Ma. The data indicate Palaeoproterozoic zircon formation with later partial or non-uniform Pb loss during the late Neoproterozoic/Cambrian tectonothermal event. The combined electron probe and SIMS data from the metapelite and garnetābiotite gneiss at Chittikara indicate that the older zircons preserved in the finer-grained metapelite protolith have heterogeneous detrital sources, whereas the more arenaceous protolith of the garnetābiotite gniess was sourced from a single-aged terrane. Our data suggest that the metasedimentary belts in southern India may have formed part of an extensive late Neoproterozoic sedimentary basin during the final amalgamation of the Gondwana supercontinent.M. Santosh, A. S. Collins, T. Morimoto and K. Yokoyam
Termination of Electron Acceleration in Thundercloud by Intra/Inter-cloud Discharge
An on-ground observation program for high energy atmospheric phenomena in
winter thunderstorms along Japan Sea has been performed via measurements of
gamma-ray radiation, atmospheric electric field and low-frequency radio band.
On February 11, 2017, the radiation detectors recorded gamma-ray emission
lasting for 75 sec. The gamma-ray spectrum extended up to 20 MeV and was
reproduced by a cutoff power-law model with a photon index of
, being consistent with a Bremsstrahlung radiation from a
thundercloud (as known as a gamma-ray glow and a thunderstorm ground
enhancement). Then the gamma-ray glow was abruptly terminated with a nearby
lightning discharge. The low-frequency radio monitors, installed 50 km
away from the gamma-ray observation site recorded leader development of an
intra/inter-cloud discharge spreading over 60 km area with a 300 ms
duration. The timing of the gamma-ray termination coincided with the moment
when the leader development of the intra/inter-cloud discharge passed 0.7 km
horizontally away from the radiation monitors. The intra/inter-cloud discharge
started 15 km away from the gamma-ray observation site. Therefore, the
glow was terminated by the leader development, while it did not trigger the
lightning discharge in the present case.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Geophysical Research
Letter
Decay Properties of Bh and Db Produced in the Cm + Na Reaction
Decay properties of an isotope Bh and its daughter nucleus Db
produced by the Cm(Na, 5\textit{n}) reaction were studied by
using a gas-filled recoil separator coupled with a position-sensitive
semiconductor detector. Bh was clearly identified from the correlation
of the known nuclide, Db. The obtained decay properties of Bh
and Db are consistent with those observed in the 113 chain,
which provided further confirmation of the discovery of 113.Comment: Accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. JPN., to be published in
Vol.78 No.
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