500 research outputs found
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容ć®č¦ē“åŗ島大å¦(Hiroshima University)å士(č¾²å¦)Doctor of Agriculturedoctora
Implementation Challenges of ICT in the Public Sector in Upazila Region of Bangladesh: An Empirical Study
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays a pivotal role in achieving Digital Bangladesh's vision of making the government accountable, transparent and effective in providing services to the citizens. The ICT-based governance (e-governance) in service delivery mechanism has become essential and time worthy. However, the implementation of e-governance is not up to the mark and the government is not getting the full benefits of e-governance due to the structural, organizational, and behavioral barriers. The dilemma between the service providers (agent) with numerous problems and the recipientsā viewpoints (principal) has been analyzed how the problem lies and the principal faces problem to get services. The objective of this study is to analyze the current situation of ICT-enabled Public Service Delivery; implementation challenges of ICT at the Upazila level of Bangladesh and come up with an evidence-based solution. To achieve the objectives, both qualitative and quantitative approaches were employed. Purposive random sampling was used to collect data through offline and online questionnaire surveys. Besides, interview and observation methods were also employed for strengthening the study findings. The study found that strong policy supports of the government i.e. ICT policy, and digital Bangladesh vision enable the e-government services to benefit the citizen. However, it is evident that the dearth of IT physical infrastructure, unstable internet connection, shortage of skilled manpower, and technology fear of public employees create obstacles to provide ITC-enabled services. Sometimes peopleās unawareness also serves as barrier to receive e-government services. The study recommends improvement of internet speed, supply of continuous electricity supply, training of public employees, providing upgraded technology, and developing user-friendly softwares to address those problems and enhance ICT-induced public service delivery system.
Keywords: E-governance, Readiness, Public Service Delivery, Barriers, Way forwar
Unani management of vesical calculus: a case report
Vesical calculus (Hisat-e-Masanah) accounts approximately 5% of all urinary tract stones. It has bimodal peaks age of incidence at 3 years in children in developing countries, and 60 years in adulthood. Despite advance technology of lithotripsy, the management of vesical calculus in children remains a challenge due to difficulty in passing of stone fragments and adverse effect of surgery. Hence alternative and safe treatment like Unani system of medicine can be adopted to avoid surgical procedure. The present paper deals with a case study in which a 10 years old male child patient suffered from a single vesical calculus was treated with Unani pharmacopeial medicine; Qurs Kaknaj (2 tablets), Qurs Kushta Hajrul Yahood (1 tablet) and Sharbat Buzoori Motadil (10 ml syrup) twice a day as oral administration, with the aim to evaluate the efficacy of drugs and to avoid surgery. Patient has shown excellent and significant result as 8Ć5 mm size of a stone flushed out at 3rd day of treatment without any operation
Aktualne trendy zapadalnoÅci na zakażenia przenoszone drogÄ pÅciowÄ ā doÅwiadczenia z Bangladeszu
Background: The burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is huge and is disproportionately affecting developing nations. Epidemiologically sound data on the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections are dearth in Bangladesh.Objectives: To study the prevalence and pattern of STIs as seen in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh.Materials and methods: A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study is carried out in Chittagong Medical College Hospital from the registered records of patients attending during the period between 2003 and 2011.Results: A total number of 30,151 patients are analyzed. Among the patients there is 21,746 (72%) of male and 8,405 (28%) of female. The mean age is 30.94 Ā± 0.001 SEM. Common sexually transmitted infections are non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) (31.37%), gonorrhea (27.81%), syphilis (18.06%), genital scabies (6.56%), chancroid (5.3%), genital herpes (4.8%) and genital wart (3.62%). NGU is the most common discharging STI, while syphilis is the most common ulcerative STI. Genital herpes is the most common viral STI. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (0.10%) infections are rare. Lymphogranuloma venereum and Granuloma inguinale are not found among the attendees.Conclusion: Although bacterial STIs are common findings in our study, viral STIs show also in increasing trend. Unlike HIV, many STIs can be treated and cured relatively easily and cheaply if diagnosed early enough. We hope that reporting this unique presentation of STIs in Bangladesh will be of educational value to increase awareness and offer possible options of planning and management for STIs.WstÄp: Liczba zachorowaÅ na zakażenia przenoszone drogÄ
pÅciowÄ
(STI, sexually transmitted infections) jest bardzo duża. Choroby te wystÄpujÄ
znacznie czÄÅciej w krajach rozwijajÄ
cych siÄ. Brakuje wiarygodnych danych epidemiologicznych dotyczÄ
cych wystÄpowania zakażeÅ przenoszonych drogÄ
pÅciowÄ
w Bangladeszu.Cel: Badanie przeprowadzono w celu oceny czÄstoÅci wystÄpowania oraz przebiegu STI na przykÅadzie szpitala trzeciego stopnia referencyjnoÅci w Bangladeszu.MateriaÅ i metody: Opisowe retrospektywne badanie przekrojowe przeprowadzono w Chittagong Medical College Hospital, do ktĆ³rego wykorzystano dane z dokumentacji medycznej pacjentĆ³w zgÅaszajÄ
cych siÄ do tego oÅrodka w latach 2003ā2011.Wyniki: AnalizÄ
objÄto ÅÄ
cznie 30 151 chorych. W badanej grupie byÅo 21 746 (72%) mÄżczyzn i 8405 (28%) kobiet. Årednia wieku (Ā± bÅÄ
d standardowy Åredniej) wynosiÅa 30,94 Ā± 0,001. Do czÄstych zakażeÅ przenoszonych drogÄ
pÅciowÄ
należÄ
rzeżÄ
czkowe zapalenie cewki moczowej (31,37%), rzeżÄ
czka (27,81%), kiÅa (18,06%), Åwierzb (6,56%), wrzĆ³d weneryczny (5,3%), opryszczka narzÄ
dĆ³w pÅciowych (4,8%) i kÅykciny koÅczyste (3.62%). RzeżÄ
czkowe zapalenie cewki moczowej jest najczÄstszÄ
chorobÄ
przebiegajÄ
cÄ
z wysiÄkiem, natomiast kiÅa ā najczÄstszÄ
STI powodujÄ
cÄ
owrzodzenie. Opryszczka narzÄ
dĆ³w pÅciowych to najczÄstsza STI o etiologii wirusowej. Zakażenia wirusem nabytego zespoÅu braku odpornoÅci (HIV, human immunodeficiency virus) (0,10%) sÄ
rzadkie. W badanej grupie nie stwierdzono ziarnicy wenerycznej pachwin ani ziarniniaka pachwinowego.Wnioski: W badanej grupie czÄsto wystÄpowaÅy bakteryjne STI, ale odnotowano rĆ³wnież wzrastajÄ
cÄ
liczbÄ zakażeÅ wirusowych. W przeciwieÅstwie do HIV, wiele STI można Åatwo i stosunkowo tanio wyleczyÄ caÅkowicie, jeÅli zostanÄ
wystarczajÄ
co wczeÅnie zdiagnozowane. Autorzy majÄ
nadziejÄ, że przedstawienie niepublikowanych dotÄ
d danych na temat STI w Bangladeszu bÄdzie miaÅo wartoÅÄ edukacyjnÄ
poprzez zwiÄkszenie ÅwiadomoÅci na temat wystÄpowania tych zakażeÅ oraz zaproponowanie możliwoÅci leczenia STI
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