Gaps between users and designers: A usability study about a tablet-based application used on ship bridges

\ua9 Springer International Publishing AG 2018. In recent years, Information Technology (IT) applications have been developed for the traditional shipping industry aiming at improving safety and efficiency, but the design vision is dominantly technology-centric without much attention being given to the user’s actual work experience or needs. A usability study is an approach to uncover the gap between users and designers. Although there is substantial research on usability, the values and usability of the tabletbased applications used on ship bridges have rarely been investigated. In this paper, a tablet-based computer application was developed to provide decision support to river pilots for passing under bridges in the Gothenburg area. Experienced pilots were invited to participate in a simulated navigational environment. By exploring the potential barriers in using such novel applications on a bridge, this study aims to address the human factor concerns for future IT design and developments in the maritime domain

From Human Automation Interactions to Social Human Autonomy Machine Teaming in Maritime Transportation

Part 1: Information Technology and Disaster ManagementInternational audienceRecent technological advances in the field of Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning led to the creation of smart AI-enabled automation systems that are drastically changing maritime transportation. We developed a systematic literature review to understand how automation, based on Information Technologies (IT), has tackled the challenges related to human and machine interactions. We notably discuss the conceptual evolution from Human-Automation Interaction (HAI) to Human Autonomy Teaming (HAT) and present the risks of high levels of automation and the importance of teamwork in safety critical systems. Our results lie on a map of five clusters that highlight the importance of trust in the interactions between humans and machines, the risks related to automation, the human errors that are arising from these interactions, the effects of automation on situational awareness and the social norms in human-computer interactions. This literature show that human-machines interactions have mainly been studied from the computer/information systems’ (IS) point of view, hence neglecting the social dimensions of humans. Building on the difference between the concepts of automation and autonomy, we suggest the development of the concept of Social Human Autonomy Machine Teaming (SHAMT) to better consider the social dimensions of humans in these new interactions. Future research should focus on the right equilibrium between social needs, social interactions among humans and with autonomous machines with AI to optimize the global autonomy of the human-machine teammates in a whole ecosystem