Análise de vinhos por rmn Determinação do limite de detecção de constituintes do vinho por um método rápido

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Curso de Química.O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal determinar o limite de detecção para soluções de padrões de diferentes concentrações para os ácidos succínico, tartárico e málico (principais componentes do vinho), bem como estabelecer a relação do número de varreduras(scans) sobre a medida da área do sinal para a solução de ácido succínico 0,025 g/L ( concentração limite determinada experimentalmente) em RMN de 1H a 200 MHz. Pela análise qualitativa dos espectros de RMN de 1H nas amostras de vinho foram observados os picos dos principais compostos que caracterizam o vinho: ácido tartárico, ácido málico, ácido lático, ácido succínico, ácido acético, água, etanol, dentre outros. Através dos dados obtidos mediante as análises foi construída uma curva de calibração (área TSP/área do sinal x concentração) que foi utilizada para quantificar a concentração de ácido succínico nas amostras de vinhos comerciais

Evaluation of Helicobacter pylory colonization by serologic test (IgG) and dyspepsia in volunteers from the countryside of Monte Negro, in the Brazilian western Amazon region

The present study intended to analyze the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori, IgG, and its relation to dyspepsia in a population from the western Amazon region. During the "Projeto Bandeira Científica", a University of São Paulo Medical School program, in Monte Negro's rural areas, state of Rondônia, 266 blood samples were collected from volunteers. The material was tested for IgG antibodies anti-Helicobacter pylori by ELISA method and the participants were also interviewed on dyspepsia, hygiene and social aspects. Participants aged between five and 81 years old (34 years on average), 149 (56%) were female and 117 (44%) male. We found 210 (78.9%) positive, 50 (18.8%) negative and six (2.3%) undetermined samples. Dyspeptic complaints were found in 226 cases (85.2%). There was no statistical association between dyspepsia and positive serology for H. pylori. We concluded that the seroprevalence in all age categories is similar to results found in other studies conducted in developing countries, including those from Brazil. On the other hand, the seroprevalence found in Monte Negro was higher than that reported in developed countries. As expected, there was a progressive increase in the positivity for H. pylori in older age groups.Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a soroprevalência do Helicobacter pylori, IgG, em população rural da Amazônia, e sua correlação com queixa dispéptica. No Projeto Bandeira Científica da FMUSP, em Monte Negro - RO, foram coletadas 266 amostras sangüíneas nos assentamentos rurais do município. Foram pesquisados anticorpos da classe IgG dirigidos contra Helicobacter pylori pelo método ELISA e aplicados questionários sobre dispepsia, aspectos sociais e epidemiológicos. Os pacientes tinham idades entre cinco e 81 anos (média de 34 anos); 149 (56%) do sexo feminino e 117 (44%) do sexo masculino. Foram encontradas 210 (78.9%) amostras positivas, 50 negativas (18.8%) e seis indeterminadas (2.3%). A queixa de dispepsia foi encontrada em 226 casos (85.2%). Não houve associação significativa entre os sintomas dispépticos e a soro positividade para H. pylori. Concluímos que a soro prevalência para todas as faixas etárias é comparável com os resultados de outros estudos realizados em países em desenvolvimento, e maior que aquela encontrada nos países desenvolvidos. Houve aumento progressivo da positividade com a idade, como citado na literatura

Analysis of different cultural aspects regarding oral health care in citizens of the rural riverside region in Rondônia State, Brazil

Esse estudo avaliou as práticas populares nos cuidados com a saúde bucal decorrentes de patologias como a cárie dentária, doença periodontal, entre outras, no distrito de Tabajara, Estado de Rondônia, Brasil, tendo em vista que o folclore é muito presente na cultura popular, sendo considerado um fato social e cultural, ao mesmo tempo atingindo e influenciando os cuidados quanto à saúde bucal. Realizou-se um estudo quanti-qualitativo, sendo a amostra composta por catorze mulheres e seis homens. O instrumento de pesquisa compreendeu um questionário, com questões objetivas e subjetivas, sendo os dados analisados sob a forma descritiva. Observou-se um baixo nível de conhecimento em aspectos relacionados à saúde bucal nas pessoas analisadas, bem como uma variedade de métodos alternativos para "tratamento" e "prevenção" de afecções bucais. Concluiu-se que há necessidade de um conhecimento mais aprofundado da população-alvo dos programas em saúde, haja vista que introduzem, quase sempre, mudanças culturais, e para que sejam construtivos e não desintegradores, devem levar em conta a estrutura sociocultural da comunidade onde serão executados.This study aimed to assess the popular practices in oral health care on pathologies such as dental caries, periodontal disease and others, in Tabajara District, Rondonia State, Brazil as folklore has a great importance on cultural aspects of the Brazilian people, and can be considered a social and cultural aspect at the same time, reaching and influencing people in oral health care. It was based in a quanti-qualitative study, being the sample composed by 14 women and 6 men. The research instrument comprehends a questionnaire with direct and subjective questions, for data analysis in descriptive form. The results show a low knowledge about oral health aspects, as well as many alternative methods for "treatment" and "prevention" of oral diseases. There is a need of deeply knowledge about the target population on health programs, as many times it can insert cultural changes and, in order to avoid being destructives, must analyses the social-cultural structure of the community

Tópicos de metodologia de pesquisa: Estudos de coorte ou cohorte prospectivo e retrospectivo

In health sciences, the epidemiological method can be divided into descriptive and analytical epidemiology and the latter being divided into observational (cross-sectional study, case-control study and cohort study) and experimental studies. Cohort studies may be retrospective or prospective, and both assume that the researcher will follow a population over time to seek a possible association between exposure (s) and outcome(s). These types of studies have as advantages the possibility of measuring several exposure factors and outcomes, both primary and secondary, for both relatively frequent outcomes and rare exposure factors. However, they are often long and therefore expensive studies. They have as main biases those of selection, memory and information. These are studies that may point to statistical associations between exposure and outcome that need other models to prove the casualty of these associations.Na área de ciências da saúde, o método epidemiológico, pode ser dividido em epidemiologia descritiva e a analítica, essa última que se divide em observacional (estudo de corte transversal, estudo caso-controle e estudo de coorte/cohorte) e experimentais. Os estudos de coorte ou cohorte, podem ser retrospectivos ou prospectivos, e ambos partem do pressuposto que o pesquisador irá acompanhar uma população ao longo do tempo para buscar possível associação entre exposição e desfecho. Esses tipos de estudos apresentam como vantagens a possibilidade de se mensurar vários fatores de exposição e desfechos, tanto primários como secundários, aplicam-se tanto para desfechos relativamente frequentes e fatores de exposição raros. Porém, muitas vezes são estudos prolongados e, portanto, caros. Têm como principais vieses os de seleção, memória e informação. São estudos que podem apontar para associações estatísticas entre exposição e desfecho que necessitam de outros modelos para se comprovar há casualidade destas associações

Beta-alanine Supplementation for Four Weeks Increases Volume Index and Reduces Perceived Effort of Resistance-trained Men: A Pilot Study.

International Journal of Exercise Science 14(2): 994-1003, 2021. The aim of the present study was to assess the short-term effects of four weeks of beta-alanine supplementation (BA) (6.4 g/day) on the total volume performed and perceived effort of resistance-trained individuals. Sixteen trained men (age: 27.3 ± 5.0 years, height: 1.78 ± 0.1 cm, total body mass: 84.3 ± 8.4 kg, RT experience: 5.9 ± 3.3 years) were allocated in one of the following groups: BA or Placebo (PLA). In addition, during the same period, participants were submitted to a resistance training program. Volume index (VI) and the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were collected during the experimental period for both groups. Significant increases from the first to the last intervention week in VI were observed only for BA (+6.5%, d = 0.61, p = 0.04). In addition, supplementation induced a lower mean RPE (BA: 8.8 ± 0.5 AU vs. PLA: 9.4 ± 0.3 AU, p = 0.02). In conclusion, four weeks of BA supplementation were able to increase resistance-training volume without affecting the perceived effort of trained men

Thiamethoxam on the histological characteristics of sugarcane young roots

Thiamethoxam is a systemic insecticide from the neonicotinoid group, nitroguanidin family which affects the nicotinic receptor acetyl choline in the insect membrane, wounding the nervous system and causing the death of the insect. It was used with success in the control of initial pests of several crops. It was considered that thiamethoxam has a bioactivator effect, because in the absence of insects promoted increase in vigor, development and productivity of crops. This work was carried out to verify if thiamethoxam causes histological changes in sugarcane roots. In this work, it was used optical microscopy, images arrest, tissue biometrics and statistical analysis, in young roots of sugarcane RB 83 5486 after the treatments with different thiamethoxam concentrations. It was determined changes in histological structure of tissues 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after the treatments, establishing its effects on root plant anatomy. It was verified that thiamethoxam increased root cortex width, increasing the vascular cylinder and the metaxylem vessel elements number in the vascular tissue until 21 days after application

PARENTAL AWARENESS OF OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ADDRESSING LOW-INCOME ADOLESCENTS IN BRAZIL

Objective: To evaluate parental awareness and management of overweight and obesity in a sample of low income adolescents registered in a primary health care center (PHCC) in Brazil. Method: Among adolescents registered in the PHCC, 142 agreed to participate in this study and their body mass index was calculated. Unaware of the anthropometric data, parents were visited at home and asked to select a descriptor for their offspring’s body weight (underweight, about right, overweight, and obese). Results: Seventeen adolescents were classified as overweight (12.0%) and 14 as obese (10.0%). Among 17 overweight adolescents, 13 (76.5%) were accurately identified by their parents in that condition, and among 13 obese adolescents, 12 (92.3%) were. Three parents of overweight (23.1%) and five parents (41.6%) of obese adolescents tried to manage their offspring’s weight problem with a healthcare provider support. Conclusions: Despite the fact that parental recognition was relatively high in this population, our data revealed a low demand for interventionsto reverse the adolescent’s overweight and obesity

Projeto de Melhoria de Saúde Bucal Realizado em Região Amazonica (Monte Negro, RO)

The Improvement of Oral Health Project of the University of São Paulo (USP) was initiated in 2002, first by the analysis and planning of the activities, then by including, in 2003, dental care given by the Dentistry undergraduate and graduate students, under teaching supervision, from the Bauru Dental School in co-operation with de Advanced Research Unit of USP in Rondonia. This work aimed to carry through a descriptive analysis of the performance in all trips taken by the ones involved in this project since July 2003, where educative, preventive and curative activities were performed. The numbers demonstrate a necessity of a greater reach of health services to economical and socially unfavourable population, as well as the importance of university extension projects in these places.O projeto de melhoria de saúde bucal é um trabalho da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) iniciado em 2002, através da análise e planejamento das atividades, passando a contar, a partir de 2003, com atendimento odontológico feito por acadêmicos e pós-graduandos, sob supervisão docente, da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru e sob os auspícios do Núcleo Avançado de Pesquisa da USP em Rondônia. Este trabalho objetivou realizar uma análise descritiva da atuação em tal projeto nas diversas viagens realizadas desde o mês de julho de 2003, abordando atividades de cunho educativo, preventivo e curativo. Os números demonstram uma necessidade de uma maior abrangência do serviço de saúde a populações econômica e socialmente desfavorecidas, bem como a importância de projetos de extensão universitária em tais localidades

Impact of acute kidney injury exposure period among liver transplantation patients

Background: Acute kidney injury is a common complication of liver transplantation. in this single-centre retrospective observational study, we investigated the impact of acute kidney disease on liver recipient survival.Methods: the study population consisted of patients who underwent a liver engraftment between January 2002 and November 2006, at a single transplantation centre in São Paulo, Brazil. Acute kidney injury diagnosis and staging were according to the recommendations of the Acute Kidney Injury Network and consisted of scanning the daily serum creatinine levels throughout the hospital stay. Patients requiring renal replacement therapy prior to transplantation, those who developed acute kidney injury before the procedure or those receiving their second liver graft were excluded from the study.Results: A total of 444 liver transplantations were performed during the study period, and 129 procedures (29%) were excluded. the remaining 315 patients constituted the study population. in 207 procedures, the recipient was male (65%). the mean age of the population was 51 years. Cumulative incidence of acute kidney injury within 48 h, during the first week after transplantation, and throughout the hospital stay was 32, 81 and 93%, respectively. Renal replacement therapy was required within a week after the transplantation in 31 procedures (10%), and another 17 (5%) required replacement therapy after that period. Mean follow-up period was 2.3 years. Time in days from acute kidney injury diagnosis to initiation of replacement therapy or reaching serum creatinine peak was associated with lower overall survival even when adjusted for significant potential confounders (HR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01, 1.05; p=0.002). Overall, patients experiencing acute kidney injury lasting for a week or more before initiation of replacement therapy experienced a threefold increase in risk of death (HR 3.02; 95% CI 2.04, 4.46; p<0.001).Conclusions: Acute kidney injury after liver transplantation is remarkably frequent and has a substantial impact on patient survival. Delaying the initiation of renal replacement therapy in such population may increase mortality by more than 20% per day.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Nephrol, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Transplantes Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini, Liver Unit, São Paulo, BrazilHosp Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, BrazilTufts Univ, New England Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Medford, MA 02155 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Nephrol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc