EVALUATION OF REGIONAL INDICES’ INFLUENCE ON THE LEVEL OF CHILDREN’S MORBIDITY WITH PSYCHICAL DISORDERS IN RUSSIA

The prevalence of psychical disorders in Russian federation increases constantly. The method of integral ratios calculations was used for the purpose of obtaining the summarized data on influence of different regional factors on the morbidity with psychical and behavioral disorders in children. This method allows performing reduction different information to the common denominator. There is a significant variability of integral rates among the regions of Russia. The state of children’s psychical health in Russia mostly depends on medical and demographic factor of indicators and sources of health care system.Key words: children, psychical disorders, morbidity.(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. 2009;8(5):5-8

UTILITY OF HEALTH STATE INDEX IN PEDIATRICS FOR THE EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS

So-called dynamical studies of health state including ?models of health status indexes? are actively performed in public health. Quality adjusted life year (QALY) is universal index of the result of treatment, and it can be used in estimation of all age groups and nosologic forms, it allows comparison between different diseases, strategies of health care and outcomes. Development of methods of QALY receipt in pediatrics is able to widen our opportunities and to improve an evaluation of effectiveness of treatment and prophylactic interventions. These measures may influence to the choice of more significant medical technologies for the treatment of diseases.Key words: quality adjusted life year, children, result of intervention, quality of life related to health.(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. – 2010;9(3):22-25)</p

UTILITY OF HEALTH STATE INDEX IN PEDIATRICS FOR THE EVALUATION OF EFFECTIVENESS OF MEDICAL INTERVENTIONS

So-called dynamical studies of health state including ?models of health status indexes? are actively performed in public health. Quality adjusted life year (QALY) is universal index of the result of treatment, and it can be used in estimation of all age groups and nosologic forms, it allows comparison between different diseases, strategies of health care and outcomes. Development of methods of QALY receipt in pediatrics is able to widen our opportunities and to improve an evaluation of effectiveness of treatment and prophylactic interventions. These measures may influence to the choice of more significant medical technologies for the treatment of diseases.Key words: quality adjusted life year, children, result of intervention, quality of life related to health.(Voprosy sovremennoi pediatrii — Current Pediatrics. – 2010;9(3):22-25

Инфекции, связанные с оказанием медицинской помощи (ИСМП), в родовспомогательных учреждениях Российской Федерации (состояние проблемы в начале XXI века)

Over the past decade, the healthcare system of the Russian Federation has undergone progressive changes in the system of maternity care, which relate to the development of infrastructure and the introduction of new organizational models. In particular, a three-level system of providing medical care to mothers and children has been created, including a network of perinatal centers for patients at high perinatal and obstetric risk. Field events of specialists of National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation to the medical organizations of maternity care in various regions of Russia revealed hot spots that require primary attention: acute shortage of staff for the implementation of diagnostic and therapeutic measures at the modern methodological level, as well as for ensuring epidemiological safety in the medical organizations (medical microbiologists (bacteriologists), clinical pharmacologists and epidemiologists); the lack of registration of healthcare-associated infections, which is associated with the prevailing in the country mainly punitive methods of combating hospital infections. In modern conditions of nursing preterm babies, newborns with various severe somatic and surgical pathologies, it is necessary to know the real indicators of morbidity in order to reasonably and promptly carry out therapeutic and preventive measures; the need to organize modern microbiological laboratories in the perinatal centers with the availability of fast methods (proteomic and molecular-genetic) diagnostics, allowing for microbiological monitoring in specialized departments of newborns and promptly respond to the changes in the epidemiological situation in the hospital, to prevent the development of clinically pronounced cases of healthcare-associated infections.За последнее десятилетие в здравоохранении Российской Федерации произошли прогрессивные изменения в системе родовспоможения, которые касаются развития инфраструктуры и внедрения новых организационных моделей. В частности, создана трехуровневая система оказания медицинской помощи матери и ребенку, включающая сеть перинатальных центров. Выездные мероприятия специалистов ФГБУ НМИЦ АГП им. В.И. Кулакова Минздрава России в медицинские организации родовспоможения различных регионов России выявили горячие точки, требующие первостепенного внимания, такие как: острая нехватка кадров для осуществления диагностических и лечебных мероприятий на современном методическом уровне, а также для обеспечения эпидемиологической безопасности в медицинских организациях (медицинские микробиологи (бактериологи), клинические фармакологи и эпидемиологи); недоучет регистрации инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи, что обусловлено сложившимися в стране преимущественно карательными методами борьбы с госпитальными инфекциями. В современных условиях выхаживания недоношенных детей, новорожденных с различными тяжелыми соматическими и хирургическими патологиями необходимо знать реальные показатели заболеваемости, чтобы обоснованно и оперативно проводить лечебные и профилактические мероприятия; необходимость организации современных микробиологических лабораторий в перинатальных центрах с наличием быстрых методов диагностики (протеомных и молекулярно-генетических), позволяющих вести микробиологический мониторинг в специализированных отделениях новорожденных и оперативно реагировать на изменения эпидемиологической ситуации в стационаре, предотвращать развитие клинически выраженных случаев инфекций, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи

STRATEGIES OF DOMESTIC NEONATOLOGY: CHALLENGES OF THE PRESENT AND LOOK INTO THE FUTURE

The article presents the main directions of development of modern neonatology and pediatrics of early age. Along with the unconditional achievements in the field of nursing newborns, important issues are raised for further improving the organization and ensuring adequate and effective follow-up of children after discharge from the hospital, which is primarily aimed at improving outcomes. Early respiratory therapy, open resuscitation and priority of breastfeeding, treatment and prevention of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, prevention of respiratory syncytial viral infection, as well as the organization of postneonatal habilitation of premature babies, audits to improve the quality of medical care for newborns and children are the main ones, but far from all directions that are indicated by the team of authors in this publication. At the same time, attention is focused on the most pressing issues of drug and technical support, personnel shortage, safety and effectiveness of the use of modern technologies in neonatal practice, which we all have to solve in the future. The purpose of the publication is to draw attention to the pressing problems of everyone on whom the development strategies of domestic neonatology and pediatrics depend. The authors invite everyone to express their opinions and suggestions by sending their letters collectively or individually to the editorial office. © 2022