Update on the Combined Analysis of Muon Measurements from Nine Air Shower Experiments

Over the last two decades, various experiments have measured muon densities in extensive air showers over several orders of magnitude in primary energy. While some experiments observed differences in the muon densities between simulated and experimentally measured air showers, others reported no discrepancies. We will present an update of the meta-analysis of muon measurements from nine air shower experiments, covering shower energies between a few PeV and tens of EeV and muon threshold energies from a few 100 MeV to about 10GeV. In order to compare measurements from different experiments, their energy scale was cross-calibrated and the experimental data has been compared using a universal reference scale based on air shower simulations. Above 10 PeV, we find a muon excess with respect to simulations for all hadronic interaction models, which is increasing with shower energy. For EPOS-LHC and QGSJet-II.04 the significance of the slope of the increase is analyzed in detail under different assumptions of the individual experimental uncertainties

Как придать импульс развитию российской экономики: приоритеты действий (предложения к Основным направлениям деятельности Правительства РФ до 2024 г.)

This report was prepared by the staff of the Institute for Economic Forecast of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation. It gives suggestions to implement priority measures to facilitate the transfer the Russian economy to the direction defined by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation (est. May 7, 2018). The report also highlights priority directions of the economic policy, primarily in investment activity, development of the domestic market, as well as financial and organizational support for the suggested actions.В докладе, подготовленном сотрудниками Института народнохозяйственного прогнозирования РАН и Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации, представлены предложения по первоочередным мерам, способствующим переводу российской экономики на траекторию, определенную Указом Президента Российской Федерации от 07.05.2018. Выделены приоритетные направления  экономической политики, прежде всего, в инвестиционной деятельности, развитии внутреннего рынка, а также финансового и организационного обеспечения предлагаемых мер