Fabrication Of y-TiAl Intermetallic Alloys Via Hot Pressing Technique.

Gamma titanium-aluminide (y-TiAl) based alloys are potentially suitable as advanced structural materials for high performance applications such as components in aerospace vehicles, aircraft turbine, and automotive engines due to their unique and superior properties at high temperatures. Hot pressing combined with mechanical alloying (MA) has been reported as favorably as fabrication route to produce various alloys from elemental powders since they offer high densification, particularly for consolidation of reactive elements, as well as elements with significantly different melting points. In this study, formation and densification behavior of y-TiAI alloys was investigated using mechanical alloying and hot pressing at temperatures ranging from 950-110° DC

Effect Of Alloying Elements On Microstructure And Properties Of Cast γ-TiAI Intermetallic Alloys.

The effect of alloying elements on microstructure and properties of γ-TiAI based Intermetallic alloys produced by an in-house made arc-melting furnace was studied. The phases and microstructure of the produced alloys were characterized using X-Ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively

Polypyrrole thin film sensor base surface plasmon resonance for detection of Cu(II) and Fe(III) in aqueous solution

In this study, the performance of surface plasmon resonance method incorporated with polypyrrole sensing layer was examined for detection of Cu (II) and Fe (III) ions in aqueous solutions. The polypyrrole was prepared by electro-oxidation method on a gold layer for the detecting low concentration ions (0.1, 1 5 10 20 ppm). The experiments carried out at room temperature, and each sample was flowed through the flow cell. A photodiode registered the SPR signals as the function of rotation angle and thickness of layers. For observing the association and dissociation processes, the experiments repeated more than ten times, and the sensorgrams were obtained. Furthermore, Langmuir model was utilized to describe the binding interactions of ions with the polypyrrole layer. The lower concentration detection limit was about 0.1 ppm and the terminal resonance angles were occurred after the 300 s. The sensor was also found to be more sensitive to the presence of Cu than Fe ions

Fiber Bragg grating sensor for detecting ageing transformer oil

In this paper, we report the investigation of monitoring the degradation of transformer oil in power transformer using fiber Bragg grating sensor (FBG). The findings show that aging transformer oil has a higher refractive index (RI) compared to fresh transformer oil. This is detected by a wavelength shift in the FBG sensor's spectral response. The outcome complies with the breakdown voltage test which is the standard test for testing transformer oil ageing. Finally, we show that the sensor is temperature independent

Application of conducting polymer layer for measurement of Ag nanoparticle concentration using surface plasmon resonance

An application of polypyrrole and polypyrrole–chitosan were presented to measure the concentration of silver ion and silver nanoparticles using surface plasmon resonance sensor. These results were compared to those for atomic absorption spectroscopy method. The sensing layers were prepared using an electrodeposition on gold layer with the sensor limitation at about 1mg/L, and well correlated to prior atomic absorption spectroscopy results. The sensor with a polypyrrole-chitosan layer was more sensitive and accurate than the sensor with just a polypyrrole layer

Poverty level grouping using SAW method

Poverty is social gap problem for some people with below average income level but in Pringsewu district the poverty rate is significantly decreased so it is expected to increase the potential of Pringsewu region to be better, in increasing the potential of the region it needs a system that is expected to assist in determination of poverty level in sub district in Pringsewu by data clustering and ranking from every subdistrict in Pringsewu Regency using SAW method. Therefore, we are interested to build an application of Poverty Grouping in Pringsewu region in the form of Poverty Index of the last few years, existing data is expected to be a reference to increase the potential of the area by reducing the poverty rate every year. It is expected that the data obtained can be a reference of the government in reducing poverty level in subdistrics in Pringsewu District

Application of Burden of Proof to Child Labour as Protection of Children's Rights

Child labour should be given legal protection, one form of protection for child labour is to impose a Burden of Proof (Burden of Proof) for child labour in accordance with the provisions of the ILO Convention (International Labor Organization) No. 138 of 1973 on the minimum age to be allowed to work and the ILO (International Labour Organization) Convention No. 183 then 1999 on the abolition of the worst forms of work for. This research aims to examine the philosophical foundation of the burden of proof in the Indonesian legal system and to examine the burden of proof implementation for child labour in Indonesia. This research is legal research using a normative juridical approach, the data used are primary data and secondary data analyzed using quantitative analysis. The results of the study are the first philosophical application of the principle of reverse burden of proof that has been regulated in various legal rules in Indonesia, including Law No. 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, Law No. 40 of 2007 concerning limited Company legal No. 32 of 2009 on the protection and management of the environment and the provisions of the crime of corruption relating to the freezing, expropriation and confiscation of the perpetrators of the crime of corruption in accordance. Both countries have ratified ILO Convention No. 138 of 1973 on the Minimum age to be allowed to work and ILO Convention No. 182 of 1999 on the Prohibition and immediate action on the elimination of the worst forms of Child Labour which affirms the existence of a reverse proof for child labour. &nbsp

An insight into microstructural evolution during plastic deformation in AA6061 alloy after friction welding with alumina-YSZ composite

The microstructural studies of friction welding help in understanding microstructural changes occurred during friction welding. The effect of plastic deformation on microstructural changes in AA6061 alloys is the subject of the considerable practical interest. The development of this subject is remarkable, but a more detailed study could lead us to have a better understanding of the phenomenon. In the present study, Optical Microscopy (OM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), microhardness and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to study the effect of plastic deformation on the grain structure and dislocation density of AA6061 alloy when there was a joint, with the ceramic. The effect of rotation speed and the degree of deformation appeared to be higher on the AA6061 alloy than on the ceramic part. Results showed different deformation mechanisms at different rotational speeds and confirmed unambiguously the change in grain size, microhardness, crystalline grain and dislocation density as a result of changing the distances from the interface

A Comparison of Muscular Activity among European, Korea and Malaysian During Seating Using Musculoskeletal Computational Analysis Method

Sitting is the most common posture in any industry field either in office work, manufacturing or even automotive. Sit for a long time lead to musculoskeletal disorder which causes muscle fatigue. However, different size of people will have a different level of muscle activation. The objective of this paper is to analyse and compare the muscle activation during sitting among European, Korean, and Malaysian. The human size employed for this study is by 95th percentile male. The AnyBody Modelling Software is used to simulate and analyse the human muscle activity of the seating posture of these respective countries. Our finding showed that the trunk of the human body has the highest muscle activity. The Malaysian anthropometry showed the highest muscle activity in sitting posture; followed by Korean and European

On becoming ethical counselors: measuring counseling ethics competency

The Board of Counselors (Malaysia) supports advancing the registered counselors through excellence practices in counseling ethics competency. Ethics competency is salient to ensure fair and consistent ethical decision-making process; protect clients and public in general; promote practices that reflect openness to growth, change and collaboration; create and strengthen standards that reflect the society needs; respect the diversity of instructional approaches and strategies; as well as encourage program improvement and best practices. Although the significance of counseling ethics competency is evident, to date there is limited empirical research to measure counseling ethics competency, and there is no valid and reliable instrument available to measure counseling ethics competency among registered counselors. This research aims to develop an instrument to measure counseling ethics competency, determine perceived level of counseling ethics competency, and determine factors that influence counseling ethics competency. The research will involve a survey using an instrument developed during the initial stage of research and the participants will be all Malaysian registered counselors working at various settings. The researchers will employ cluster sampling in recruiting the participants. This research will describe the outline of counseling ethics competency among Malaysian registered counselors and will also provide insights for counselor educators to have more thoughtfulness in teaching and learning endeavors within the scope of counselor education training programs. Future scope may not just to focus on traits, characters and skills building to produce good counselors; but to emphasis more on ethics comprehension towards best practices of ethics application and internalization to become self-sufficient counselors