CORREÇÃO DO SOLO E ADUBAÇÃO DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR

Introdução: O maior desenvolvimento do sistema radicular de uma planta irá refletir inicialmente em maior resistência à seca, maior absorção de nutrientes e consequentemente maior produtividade. Assim, fatores como o manejo de correção do solo e a adubação na cultura da cana-de-açúcar mantém a alta produtividade. Objetivo: fazer uma breve revisão sobre correção do solo e educação da cana-de-açúcar. Metodologia: revisão de literatura. A adubação da cana-de-açúcar inicia-se com a amostragem de solo, continua com a aplicação de calcário e termina com a utilização do fertilizante, sendo o objetivo evidenciar a importância do domínio dessas técnicas no campo. Considerações: Na agricultura atual, se faz necessário o desenvolvimento de novos manejos para alavancar a produção de alimentos. A cultura de cana-de-açúcar se faz necessário manter longevidade e produtividade, com aplicação de manejo de adubação e correção do solo em cana soca restabelecer o sistema radicular. As maiores profundidades exploradas pelos sistemas radiculares dessas cultura são responsáveis por maiores produtividades alcançadas, portanto, deve constituir objetivo, no manejo das culturas, o maior aprofundamento do sistema radicular, com o intuito de promover consequentemente maior resistência à seca e maior produtividade, e no caso da cana, maior longevidade da cultura. Além disso, é fundamental promover planejamento da adubação é saber quais elementos são necessários para o fornecimento via adubação para a cana-de-açúcar e qual o período será realizado essa aplicação. Sendo assim podemos observar que a gestão de informações técnicas com respaldo dos dados de campo pode promover maior sustentabilidade e promoção da produtividade em termos sociais, ambientais e econômicos

COMPLEXITY OF HABITAT AND SPATIAL-TEMPORAL VARIATION OF SCIAENIDAE DIVERSITY (TELEOSTEI) IN TIDAL CHANNELS OF BRAZIL NORTH COAST

Para estudar a composição, densidade e variação espaço-temporal na diversidade de Sciaenidae e a complexidade dos canais de maré da Península de Ajuruteua (Pará). Foram realizadas coletas entre setembro de 2012 e outubro de 201. Os peixes foram capturados com redes de tapagem (block nets) e o registro das variáveis abióticas foi realizado através de uma sonda multiparâmetro. Foram capturados 471 indivíduos, distribuídos em nove espécies. O período seco correspondeu à maior biomassa e número de indivíduos capturados. Para a relação peso-comprimento, foram encontrados valores alométricos positivos para as espécies Bairdiella ronchus, Stellifer microps, Stellifer rastrifer e Stellifer stellifer. As curvas ABC apontaram stress ambiental no Furo Grande durante o período seco e transição chuvoso-seco. Foram observadas inclinações no espectro de tamanho especialmente no Furo do Taici, farto que pode estar relacionado ao grande número de recrutas nesse local. Os índices ecológicos mostraram maior riqueza de espécies no Furo Grande (d = 1,16) e maior diversidade e equitabilidade no Furo do Taici H'(loge) = 1,25, J’ = 0,77. A PCA evidenciou que a turbidez foi a variável que melhor respondem pela variabilidade dos dados nos canais de maré.Palavras-chave: peixes estuarinos, sensibilidade ambiental, Península de Ajuruteua.To study the composition, density and spatial-temporal variation in diversity of Sciaenidae and complexity of tidal channels Ajuruteua Peninsula (Pará), collections were carried out between September 2012 and October 2013. The fish were caught with block nets and the registration of abiotic variables was performed through a multiparameter probe. 471 individuals, distributed in nine species were caught. The dry season corresponded to higher biomass and number of individuals captured. For the length-weight relationship, positive allometric values were found for the species Bairdiella ronchus, Stellifer microps, Stellifer rastrifer and Stellifer stellifer. The ABC curves showed environmental stress in the Furo Grande during the dry and rainy-dry transition season. Slopes were observed in the size spectra especially in the Taici, which may be related to the large number of recruits there. The ecological indexes showed greater species richness in the Furo Grande (d = 1.16) and greater diversity and evenness in Furo do Taici H '(loge) = 1.25, J' = 0.77. The PCA showed that the turbidity was the variable that best account for the variability of the data in the tidal channels.Keywords: estuarine fishes; environmental sensitivity; Peninsula de Ajuruteua

Nota técnica referente à construção do dique de contenção no Pontal da Barra – Laranjal (Pelotas, RS)

Não apresenta.Sem bols

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans – anteaters, sloths, and armadillos – have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with 24 domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, ten anteaters, and six sloths. Our dataset includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data-paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the south of the USA, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to its austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n=5,941), and Cyclopes sp. has the fewest (n=240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n=11,588), and the least recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n=33). With regards to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n=962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n=12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other datasets of Neotropical Series which will become available very soon (i.e. Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans dataset

Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages