Effect of electric conductivity, ionic concentration and flow of nutrient solutions in the production of hidroponic lettuce

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, estudar os efeitos de diferentes soluções nutritivas aplicadas em duas vazões na produção hidropônica da alface (Lactuca sativa), cultivada pelo sistema NFT (Nutritive Film Technique). O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, na unidade de pesquisa em agricultura irrigada da Universidade Estadual de Maringá. Os tratamentos constaram de três soluções nutritivas com concentrações diferentes (S1=0,8 dS/m, S2=1,2 dS/m e S3=2,5 dS/m), combinadas com duas vazões de aplicação (V1=0,8 L.min-1 e V2=1,2 L.min-1 ) nos canais de cultivo em esquema fatorial 3 x 2. Para avaliar o efeito dos tratamentos no desenvolvimento da cultura os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (teste F), e os resultados avaliados através de teste de média de Tukey (5%). A análise dos resultados permitiu concluir que os fatores solução e vazão não apresentaram interação significativa e que os maiores valores avaliados de biomassa fresca e diâmetro do caule foram obtidos no tratamento solução 2 (CE= 1,2 dS/m).The porpose of this work was to study the effect of different nutrient solutions applied in two outflow in the hidroponic yeld of lettuce (Lactuca sativa). This research was accomplished at greenhouse through hydroponic system NFT in Maringá State University. The treatments consisted of three nutrient solutions (S1=0,8 dS/m, S2=1,2 dS/m e S3=2,5 dS/m) combined with two flows of application (V1=0,8 L.min-1 e V2=1,2 L.min-1 ) in the growing channels of cultivation. The flows of application of the solutions were 0,8 L.min-1 (V1) and 1,2 L.min-1 (V2), placed alternately in the growing channels in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme. To evaluate the effect of treatments on the culture development the data were submitted to the variance analysis (Test F), and the results were evaluated through Tukey (5%) average test. The analysis of the results allowed to conclude that the factories nutrient solution and flow did not show significant interaction. The greater values evaluated of biomass fresh and diameter of stem by plant were obtained in treatment solution 2 (EC= 1,2 dS/m)

Resultado de la aplicación de efluentes de recintos de abate de bovinos tratados en lagunas de estabilización y en el desarrollo de plantíos de maíz

Esta experiencia buscó evaluar el efecto de la aplicación, con  dósis variadas de residuos de agua de los mataderos en  Latosuelo Rojo Distrófico( Latossolo Vermelho Distrófico) en relación al desarrollo del maíz. El resíduo de agua fue colectado después de su tratamiento en lagunas de estabilización- Dósis de 150m³ha -1 450m3 ha-1, 900 m3 ha-1 e 1350 m3 ha-1Esas cantidades fueron aplicadas a lo largo del ciclo vegetativo del maíz. Fueron utilizados dos canteros de 0,25m de diámetro por 0,65 m de altura. El material colocado fue estudiado en todas las dósis aplicadas y presentó reducción de los parámetros de nitrógeno ( Kjedhal) de 0,02 g L-1  y de fósforo de 0,1 mg L-1   en todos los tratamientos.  La dósis mayor, 900 m³ ha -1 el teor de potásio fué de12,08mg L-1 y la de cálcio e manganésio aumentaron en média, respectivamente  40% y 173%. Observamos una reducción del teor de sódio en 92% y la reducción practicamente total de  DBO y DQO. Las plantas quer recibieron las dósis de  450 m3 ha-1, 900 m3 ha-1 e 1350 m3 ha-1  presentaron mayor volúmen de matéria verde, largura de espiga y número de hojas. La fertilidad del suelo no sufrió alterciones bruscas si relacionado a los paraametros estudiados.The objective was to evaluate effect of application in different doses of wastewater from slaughterhouse in  an Oxisoil and on corn development . The wastewater was collected after treatment in stabilization ponds. Doses of 150 m3 ha-1, 450 m3 ha-1, 900 m3 ha-1 and 1350 m3 ha-1 of wastewater were applied during the growing season of corn. It was used 12 columns of soil of 0.25 m in diameter and 0.65 m in height. The percolated material was analyzed at all doses and presented a reduction of the nitrogen parameters (Kjedhal) of 0.02 g L-1 and phosphorus of 0.1 mg L-1 in all treatments. At higher doses, 900 m3 ha-1, the potassium content was 12.08 mg L-1 and calcium and magnesium increased by 40% and 173% on average, respectively. It was observed a sodium reduction of 92% and there was reduction of BOD and COD. The plants that received the doses 450 m3 ha-1, 900 m3 ha-1 and 1350 m3 ha-1 presented higher values of green matter, length of spike and number of leaves. The soil fertility has not undergone dramatic changes with respect to the parameters analyzed.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da aplicação em diferentes doses de água residuária de abatedouro em latossolo vermelho distrófico e no desenvolvimento do milho. A água residuária foi coletada após tratamento em lagoas de estabilização. Doses de 150m3 ha-1, 450m3 ha-1, 900m3 ha-1 e 1.350m3m ha-1 de água residuária foram aplicadas ao longo do ciclo vegetativo do milho. Foram utilizadas doze colunas de solo de 0,25m de diâmetro e 0,65m de altura cada. O material percolado foi analisado em todas as doses e apresentou redução dos parâmetros nitrogênio (Kjedhal) de 0,02g L-1 e fósforo de 0,1mg L-1 em todos os tratamentos. Na maior dosagem, 900m3 ha-1, o teor de potássio foi de 12,08mg L-1 e o cálcio e o magnésio aumentaram em 40% e 173% em média, respectivamente. Foi observada uma redução do teor de sódio em 92% e ocorreu uma redução quase que total de DBO e DQO. As plantas que receberam as doses 450m3 ha-1, 900m3 ha-1 e 1.350m3 ha-1 apresentaram valores superiores de matéria verde, comprimento da espiga e número de folhas. A fertilidade do solo não sofreu alterações bruscas em relação aos parâmetros analisados

ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE AND QUALITY IN SERVICES IN A PORTUGUESE PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTION

Nos últimos anos, têm proliferado em Portugal investigações sobre a cultura organizacional e a gestão da qualidade, quer no setor industrial, quer no setor da saúde. Esta investigação por meio de um estudo de caso consistiu na aplicação de dois questionários, o Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) e o SERVPERF, no Hospital Distrital da Figueira da Foz tendo em vista identificar a tipologia da cultura organizacional e verificar uma possível relação com as dimensões da qualidade percecionadas pelos colaboradores desta instituição de saúde. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a tipologia de cultura organizacional que obteve maior pontuação foi a cultura de mercado. Relativamente à perceção das dimensões da qualidade, nos serviços, pelos clientes internos, verificou-se que a dimensão confiança que obteve a pontuação mais elevada, correlacionando-se estatisticamente com as quatro tipologias de cultura, clã, adocrática, burocrática e de mercado. / In recent years, investigations on organizational culture and quality management have proliferated in Portugal, both in the industrial sector and in the health sector. This investigation through a case study consisted in the application of two questionnaires, the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) and the SERVPERF, in the District Hospital of Figueira da Foz in order to identify the typology of the organizational culture and verify a possible relation with the dimensions of quality perceived by the employees of this health institution. The results obtained demonstrate that the typology of organizational culture that obtained the highest score was market culture. In relation to the perception of the dimensions of quality in the services, by the internal clients, it was verified that the trust dimension that obtained the highest score, correlating statistically with the four typologies of culture, clan, adocratic, bureaucratic and market

Análise multivariada e geoestatística de variáveis físico-hídricas de diferentes solos

The research aimed the use of multivariate analysis, in order to reduce the dimensionality of the hydro-physical variables set of different soils in the Northwestern Paraná, to facilitate the interpretation of the interdependence between them and also to identify the similarity between the soils. The experiment was conducted in a regular grid of 36 sampling points, in three soils: an Alfisol and two distrophic Oxisols; under different managements. The data were subjected to the principal component analysis, to transformation in new variables, and after to the geostatistics, to quantify the spatial dependence degree of the major components and of the soil water infiltration rate. The principal component analysis supported in understanding of the differences and similarities among the hydro-physical variables of the soil. With the principal components analysis, there was a reduction from thirteen soil hydro-physical variables to two new variables, that were soil porosity and infiltration rate, which explained 78.4% of the variation in data.O trabalho teve como objetivo o uso da análise multivariada, visando à redução da dimensionalidade do conjunto de variáveis físico-hídricas, de diferentes solos do Nordeste do Estado do Paraná, de modo a facilitar a interpretação da interdependência entre elas. O experimento foi desenvolvido mediante utilização de uma malha regular de 36 pontos amostrais, em três solos: um Nitossolo Vermelho distroférrico e dois Latossolos Vermelhos distróficos; sob diferentes manejos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de componentes principais, para transformação em novas variáveis, e em seguida à geoestatística, para quantificar o grau de dependência espacial dos componentes principais e da taxa de infiltração básica de água no solo. Com a análise de componentes principais, houve uma redução de treze variáveis físico-hídricas do solo para apenas duas novas variáveis, que foram porosidade do solo e taxa de infiltração, as quais explicaram 78,40% da variação dos dados

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Cultura Organizacional e a Qualidade dos Serviços Instituição de Saúde Pública

Nos últimos anos, têm proliferado imensas investigações sobre a cultura organizacional e a gestão da qualidade, quer no setor industrial, quer no setor da saúde. No entanto, têm sido realizadas poucas investigações relativamente ao cliente interno quanto à sua perceção sobre a qualidade dos serviços, na área da saúde. Na literatura da especialidade têm surgido vários instrumentos utilizados para identificar tipos de cultura e mensuração da qualidade de serviços. Nesse sentido, esta investigação consistiu na aplicação de dois questionários, o Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) de Cameron e Quinn (2006) e o SERVPERF de Cronim e Taylor (1992), no Hospital Distrital da Figueira da Foz, Entidade Pública Empresarial, tendo em vista a identificação da tipologia da cultura organizacional e verificar uma possível relação com as dimensões da qualidade percecionadas pelos colaboradores desta instituição de saúde. Os resultados obtidos com a nossa pesquisa demonstram que a tipologia de cultura organizacional que obteve maior pontuação foi a cultura de mercado (26, 45 pontos). Estas organizações são orientadas para os resultados; estilo de gestão direcionado para objetivos e metas mensuráveis; envolvimento de clientes; produtividade e competitividade. Relativamente à perceção das dimensões da qualidade, nos serviços, pelos clientes internos, verificamos que foi a dimensão confiança que obteve a pontuação mais elevada, correlacionando-se estatisticamente com as quatro tipologias de cultura, clã, adocrática, burocrática e de mercado. / In recent years, a lot of research has proliferated on organizational culture and quality management, whether in industry or in the health sector. However, few investigations were carry out into the internal customer as to their perception of the quality of services in health. In the literature there have been several tools used to identify types of culture and measurement of service quality. In this sense, this research passes by applying two questionnaires at the District Hospital of Figueira da Foz, Public Entity Business: the Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI) Cameron and Quinn (2006) and the SERVPERF of Cronim and Taylor (1992). Therefore, we are trying to identify the organizational culture typology and verify a possible relationship with the dimensions of quality perceptions by employees of this health institution. The results obtained from our research show that organizational culture typology that scored highest was the market culture (26, 45 points). These organizations are result oriented; management style directed to objectives and measurable targets; involvement of clients; productivity and competitiveness. Regarding the perception of quality dimensions of the services that the internal customers make, we found that the dimension of confidence obtained the highest score, correlating statistically with the four types of culture, clan, adhocracy, bureaucratic and market