It\u27s a bitter sweet symphony: Licensing complexities and copyright law in the music industry.

Historically, there has consistently been tension in the music industry between the ideas of ownership and accessibility. This past semester, I researched the history of copyright law and how it has evolved in regard to the licensing of musical works. I have conducted a content analysis of The U.S. Copyright Act in the last century to gain insight into its evolution and advancements. After I gathered an adequate understanding of intellectual property law within the realm of the music industry, I focused my case study research on one milestone example of copyright law’s relationship to issues of licensing and ownership rights within the music industry. I analyzed The Verve v. The Rolling Stones dispute surrounding the popular song, “Bitter Sweet Symphony,” and how this case study highlighted copyright infringement complications involved when ownership is called into question after sampling. The case also exemplifies the hypocrisy of certain musicians walking the fine line between musical inspiration and copyright infringement. This case research then led me to inquire more about the repercussions of high-profile cases and the difference between being inspired by musical style and directly copying it. My research process and content analysis have cemented my hypothesis that the music industry has been significantly impacted by the complexities of licensing. If different concepts of U.S. copyright law interpretations had been applied, the outcome of the aforementioned case study infringement would have differed or would not have occurred in the first place

Polisy Kont Moustik: A Culturally Competent Approach to Larval Source Reduction in the Context of Lymphatic Filariasis and Malaria Elimination in Haiti

Community engagement has become an increasingly important focus of global health programs. Arbovirus emergence in the Americas (Zika and chikungunya virues), and global goals for malaria and lymphatic filariasis elimination, mean that community-based mosquito control has taken on a new salience. But how should mosquito control initiatives be designed and implemented in ways that best engage local people? What are the challenges and trade-offs of different strategies, not only for effectiveness but also for scale-up? In this paper, we describe the social and political dynamics of a pilot study in a small town in northern Haiti. With the aim of developing a culturally-competent approach to larval source management (LSM), our pilot project combined larval surveillance with environmental management, social engagement, community education, and larvicide application. Orientated around a network of ‘Mosquito Police’ (Polisye Kont Moustik, in Haitian Creole), our approach integrated elements of formative research, social learning, and community participation. Here, we reflect on the challenges we encountered in the field, from larval mapping, staff management, education and behavior change, engagement with formal and informal leaders, and community-based environmental cleanup. We discuss how these programmatic efforts were influenced and shaped by a complex range of social, cultural, political, and economic realities, and conclude by discussing the implications of our community-based approach for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis and malaria, and other vector-borne diseases, in Haiti